作者:xidongs
转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/xidongs/archive/2011/11/28/2266100.html
二话不说,直接给代码,如果您真想做这方面的东西,还是稍微研究下,没有现成的好类用,就需要自己了解其原理
//
引用空间
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
//
以下是调用windows的API的函数
// 获得GUID
[DllImport( " hid.dll ")]
public static extern void HidD_GetHidGuid( ref Guid HidGuid);
Guid guidHID = Guid.Empty;
// 过滤设备,获取需要的设备
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs( ref Guid ClassGuid, uint Enumerator, IntPtr HwndParent, DIGCF Flags);
IntPtr hDevInfo;
// 获取设备,true获取到
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern Boolean SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(IntPtr hDevInfo, IntPtr devInfo, ref Guid interfaceClassGuid, UInt32 memberIndex, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData);
public struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA
{
public int cbSize ;
public Guid interfaceClassGuid;
public int flags;
public int reserved;
}
// 获取接口的详细信息 必须调用两次 第1次返回长度 第2次获取数据
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(IntPtr deviceInfoSet, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData, IntPtr deviceInterfaceDetailData,
int deviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, ref int requiredSize, SP_DEVINFO_DATA deviceInfoData);
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_DEVINFO_DATA
{
public int cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf( typeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA));
public Guid classGuid = Guid.Empty; // temp
public int devInst = 0; // dumy
public int reserved = 0;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 2)]
internal struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
{
internal int cbSize;
internal short devicePath;
}
public enum DIGCF
{
DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x1,
DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x2,
DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x4,
DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x8,
DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x10
}
// 获取设备文件
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int CreateFile(
string lpFileName, // file name
uint dwDesiredAccess, // access mode
uint dwShareMode, // share mode
uint lpSecurityAttributes, // SD
uint dwCreationDisposition, // how to create
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes, // file attributes
uint hTemplateFile // handle to template file
);
// 读取设备文件
[DllImport( " Kernel32.dll ",SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool ReadFile
(
IntPtr hFile,
byte[] lpBuffer,
uint nNumberOfBytesToRead,
ref uint lpNumberOfBytesRead,
IntPtr lpOverlapped
);
// 释放设备
[DllImport( " hid.dll ")]
static public extern bool HidD_FreePreparsedData( ref IntPtr PreparsedData);
// 关闭访问设备句柄,结束进程的时候把这个加上保险点
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ")]
static public extern int CloseHandle( int hObject);
// 获得GUID
[DllImport( " hid.dll ")]
public static extern void HidD_GetHidGuid( ref Guid HidGuid);
Guid guidHID = Guid.Empty;
// 过滤设备,获取需要的设备
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs( ref Guid ClassGuid, uint Enumerator, IntPtr HwndParent, DIGCF Flags);
IntPtr hDevInfo;
// 获取设备,true获取到
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern Boolean SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(IntPtr hDevInfo, IntPtr devInfo, ref Guid interfaceClassGuid, UInt32 memberIndex, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData);
public struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA
{
public int cbSize ;
public Guid interfaceClassGuid;
public int flags;
public int reserved;
}
// 获取接口的详细信息 必须调用两次 第1次返回长度 第2次获取数据
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(IntPtr deviceInfoSet, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData, IntPtr deviceInterfaceDetailData,
int deviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, ref int requiredSize, SP_DEVINFO_DATA deviceInfoData);
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_DEVINFO_DATA
{
public int cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf( typeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA));
public Guid classGuid = Guid.Empty; // temp
public int devInst = 0; // dumy
public int reserved = 0;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 2)]
internal struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
{
internal int cbSize;
internal short devicePath;
}
public enum DIGCF
{
DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x1,
DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x2,
DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x4,
DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x8,
DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x10
}
// 获取设备文件
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int CreateFile(
string lpFileName, // file name
uint dwDesiredAccess, // access mode
uint dwShareMode, // share mode
uint lpSecurityAttributes, // SD
uint dwCreationDisposition, // how to create
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes, // file attributes
uint hTemplateFile // handle to template file
);
// 读取设备文件
[DllImport( " Kernel32.dll ",SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool ReadFile
(
IntPtr hFile,
byte[] lpBuffer,
uint nNumberOfBytesToRead,
ref uint lpNumberOfBytesRead,
IntPtr lpOverlapped
);
// 释放设备
[DllImport( " hid.dll ")]
static public extern bool HidD_FreePreparsedData( ref IntPtr PreparsedData);
// 关闭访问设备句柄,结束进程的时候把这个加上保险点
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ")]
static public extern int CloseHandle( int hObject);
接下来是访问设备的代码
//
代码暂时没有整理,传入参数是设备序号,
// 有些USB设备其实有很多HID设备,就是一个接口上有几个设备,这个时候需要
// 用index++来逐个循环,直到获取设备返回false后,跳出去,把获取的设备
// 路径全记录下来就好了,我这里知道具体设备号,所以没有循环,浪费我时间
// 定于句柄序号和一些参数,具体可以去网上找这些API的参数说明,后文我看能不能把资料也写上去
int HidHandle = - 1;
public const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
public const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
public const uint FILE_SHARE_READ= 0x00000001;
public const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
public const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private void UsBMethod( int index)
{
HidD_GetHidGuid( ref guidHID);
hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs( ref guidHID, 0, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF.DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
int bufferSize = 0;
ArrayList HIDUSBAddress = new ArrayList();
// while (true)
// {
// 获取设备,true获取到
SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA DeviceInterfaceData = new SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA();
DeviceInterfaceData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(DeviceInterfaceData);
// for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
// {
bool result = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hDevInfo, IntPtr.Zero, ref guidHID, (UInt32)index, ref DeviceInterfaceData);
// }
// 第一次调用出错,但可以返回正确的Size
SP_DEVINFO_DATA strtInterfaceData = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
result = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, ref DeviceInterfaceData, IntPtr.Zero, 0, ref bufferSize, strtInterfaceData);
// 第二次调用传递返回值,调用即可成功
IntPtr detailDataBuffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bufferSize);
SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA detailData = new SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA();
detailData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf( typeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(detailData, detailDataBuffer, false);
result = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, ref DeviceInterfaceData, detailDataBuffer, bufferSize, ref bufferSize, strtInterfaceData);
if (result == false)
{
// break;
}
// 获取设备路径访
IntPtr pdevicePathName = (IntPtr)(( int)detailDataBuffer + 4);
string devicePathName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(pdevicePathName);
HIDUSBAddress.Add(devicePathName);
// index++;
// break;
// }
// 连接设备文件
int aa = CT_CreateFile(devicePathName);
bool bb = USBDataRead(HidHandle);
}
// 建立和设备的连接
public unsafe int CT_CreateFile( string DeviceName)
{
HidHandle = CreateFile(
DeviceName,
GENERIC_READ, // | GENERIC_WRITE, // 读写,或者一起
FILE_SHARE_READ, // | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, // 共享读写,或者一起
0,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
0);
if (HidHandle == - 1)
{
return 0;
}
else
{
return 1;
}
}
// 根据CreateFile拿到的设备handle访问文件,并返回数据
public unsafe bool USBDataRead( int handle)
{
while ( true)
{
uint read = 0;
// 注意字节的长度,我这里写的是8位,其实可以通过API获取具体的长度,这样安全点,
// 具体方法我知道,但是没有写,过几天整理完代码,一起给出来
Byte[] m_rd_data = new Byte[ 8];
bool isread = ReadFile((IntPtr)handle, m_rd_data, ( uint) 8, ref read, IntPtr.Zero);
// 这里已经是拿到的数据了
Byte[] m_rd_dataout = new Byte[read];
Array.Copy(m_rd_data, m_rd_dataout, read);
}
}
// 有些USB设备其实有很多HID设备,就是一个接口上有几个设备,这个时候需要
// 用index++来逐个循环,直到获取设备返回false后,跳出去,把获取的设备
// 路径全记录下来就好了,我这里知道具体设备号,所以没有循环,浪费我时间
// 定于句柄序号和一些参数,具体可以去网上找这些API的参数说明,后文我看能不能把资料也写上去
int HidHandle = - 1;
public const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
public const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
public const uint FILE_SHARE_READ= 0x00000001;
public const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
public const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private void UsBMethod( int index)
{
HidD_GetHidGuid( ref guidHID);
hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs( ref guidHID, 0, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF.DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
int bufferSize = 0;
ArrayList HIDUSBAddress = new ArrayList();
// while (true)
// {
// 获取设备,true获取到
SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA DeviceInterfaceData = new SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA();
DeviceInterfaceData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(DeviceInterfaceData);
// for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
// {
bool result = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hDevInfo, IntPtr.Zero, ref guidHID, (UInt32)index, ref DeviceInterfaceData);
// }
// 第一次调用出错,但可以返回正确的Size
SP_DEVINFO_DATA strtInterfaceData = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
result = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, ref DeviceInterfaceData, IntPtr.Zero, 0, ref bufferSize, strtInterfaceData);
// 第二次调用传递返回值,调用即可成功
IntPtr detailDataBuffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bufferSize);
SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA detailData = new SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA();
detailData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf( typeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(detailData, detailDataBuffer, false);
result = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, ref DeviceInterfaceData, detailDataBuffer, bufferSize, ref bufferSize, strtInterfaceData);
if (result == false)
{
// break;
}
// 获取设备路径访
IntPtr pdevicePathName = (IntPtr)(( int)detailDataBuffer + 4);
string devicePathName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(pdevicePathName);
HIDUSBAddress.Add(devicePathName);
// index++;
// break;
// }
// 连接设备文件
int aa = CT_CreateFile(devicePathName);
bool bb = USBDataRead(HidHandle);
}
// 建立和设备的连接
public unsafe int CT_CreateFile( string DeviceName)
{
HidHandle = CreateFile(
DeviceName,
GENERIC_READ, // | GENERIC_WRITE, // 读写,或者一起
FILE_SHARE_READ, // | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, // 共享读写,或者一起
0,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
0);
if (HidHandle == - 1)
{
return 0;
}
else
{
return 1;
}
}
// 根据CreateFile拿到的设备handle访问文件,并返回数据
public unsafe bool USBDataRead( int handle)
{
while ( true)
{
uint read = 0;
// 注意字节的长度,我这里写的是8位,其实可以通过API获取具体的长度,这样安全点,
// 具体方法我知道,但是没有写,过几天整理完代码,一起给出来
Byte[] m_rd_data = new Byte[ 8];
bool isread = ReadFile((IntPtr)handle, m_rd_data, ( uint) 8, ref read, IntPtr.Zero);
// 这里已经是拿到的数据了
Byte[] m_rd_dataout = new Byte[read];
Array.Copy(m_rd_data, m_rd_dataout, read);
}
}
OK,如果只是获取USB传过来的数据,这里已经足够了,但是有点要注意,2000和XP如果要获取HID键盘和鼠标的数据,readfile是不行的,;
在Win2000和WinXP下不能用CreateFile+ReadFile/WriteFile的方式来读写标准鼠标和标准键盘的数据,因为它们是系统独占的(Exlusive)。
如果你是其他HID类设备,比如游戏手柄或者自定义HID设备,都可以用上面的方式来收发数据,
怎么访问我暂时也不知道,估计要用它方法,看到有些软件是用截取的手段,估计是用钩子了吧。。
还有获取报文长度的代码,如果不确定报文长度,或者为了驱动适应变化,就用一下代码来确定报文的长度
//
获取设备具体信息
[DllImport( " hid.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private unsafe static extern int HidP_GetCaps(
int pPHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA, // IN PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA PreparsedData,
ref HIDP_CAPS myPHIDP_CAPS); // OUT PHIDP_CAPS Capabilities
[DllImport( " hid.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private unsafe static extern int HidD_GetPreparsedData(
int hObject, // IN HANDLE HidDeviceObject,
ref int pPHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA);
// HIDP_CAPS
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public unsafe struct HIDP_CAPS
{
public System.UInt16 Usage; // USHORT
public System.UInt16 UsagePage; // USHORT
public System.UInt16 InputReportByteLength;
public System.UInt16 OutputReportByteLength;
public System.UInt16 FeatureReportByteLength;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 17)]
public System.UInt16[] Reserved; // USHORT Reserved[17];
public System.UInt16 NumberLinkCollectionNodes;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputDataIndices;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputDataIndices;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureDataIndices;
}
int reportLength = 8;
// 获取设备发送的字节的长度(也有其他信息)
int myPtrToPreparsedData = - 1;
int result1 = HidD_GetPreparsedData(handle, ref myPtrToPreparsedData);
HIDP_CAPS myHIDP_CAPS = new HIDP_CAPS();
int result2 = HidP_GetCaps(myPtrToPreparsedData, ref myHIDP_CAPS);
reportLength = myHIDP_CAPS.InputReportByteLength;
[DllImport( " hid.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private unsafe static extern int HidP_GetCaps(
int pPHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA, // IN PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA PreparsedData,
ref HIDP_CAPS myPHIDP_CAPS); // OUT PHIDP_CAPS Capabilities
[DllImport( " hid.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private unsafe static extern int HidD_GetPreparsedData(
int hObject, // IN HANDLE HidDeviceObject,
ref int pPHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA);
// HIDP_CAPS
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public unsafe struct HIDP_CAPS
{
public System.UInt16 Usage; // USHORT
public System.UInt16 UsagePage; // USHORT
public System.UInt16 InputReportByteLength;
public System.UInt16 OutputReportByteLength;
public System.UInt16 FeatureReportByteLength;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 17)]
public System.UInt16[] Reserved; // USHORT Reserved[17];
public System.UInt16 NumberLinkCollectionNodes;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberInputDataIndices;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputDataIndices;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureButtonCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureValueCaps;
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureDataIndices;
}
int reportLength = 8;
// 获取设备发送的字节的长度(也有其他信息)
int myPtrToPreparsedData = - 1;
int result1 = HidD_GetPreparsedData(handle, ref myPtrToPreparsedData);
HIDP_CAPS myHIDP_CAPS = new HIDP_CAPS();
int result2 = HidP_GetCaps(myPtrToPreparsedData, ref myHIDP_CAPS);
reportLength = myHIDP_CAPS.InputReportByteLength;
再补充点,释放设备资源的时候需要用到
//
释放设备的访问
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ")]
internal static extern int CloseHandle( int hObject);
// 释放设备
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
internal static extern IntPtr SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet);
public void Dispost()
{
// 释放设备资源(hDevInfo是SetupDiGetClassDevs获取的)
SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);
// 关闭连接(HidHandle是Create的时候获取的)
CloseHandle(HidHandle);
}
[DllImport( " kernel32.dll ")]
internal static extern int CloseHandle( int hObject);
// 释放设备
[DllImport( " setupapi.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
internal static extern IntPtr SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet);
public void Dispost()
{
// 释放设备资源(hDevInfo是SetupDiGetClassDevs获取的)
SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);
// 关闭连接(HidHandle是Create的时候获取的)
CloseHandle(HidHandle);
}
ok了.