工厂方法模式 Factory Method :(虚拟构造函数模式 Virtual Constructor,多态性工厂模式 Ploymorphic Facoty)
Define an interface for creating an object,but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate.Factory Method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.
定义一个创建产品对象的工厂接口,将实际创建性工作推迟到子类中。
抽象工厂角色(Creator):该角色是工厂方法模式的核心,与应用系统无关,任何在创建对象的工厂类必须实现这个接口。
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public interface Creator {
//工厂方法
//创建一个产品对象,其输入参数类型可以自行设置
public <T extends Product> T factory(Class<T> c);
}
具体工厂角色(Concrete Creator):该角色实现了抽象工厂接口,含有与应用密切相关的逻辑,并且受到应用程序的调用以创建产品对象。
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class ConcreteCreator implements Creator {
@Override
public <T extends Product> T factory(Class<T> c) {
Product product = null;
try {
product = (Product) Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return (T) product;
}
}
抽象产品角色(Product):该角色负责定义产品的共性,实现对产品最抽象的定义。
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public interface Product {
//产品类的公共方法
public void method1();
public void method2();
}
具体产品角色(Concrete Product):该角色实现抽象产品角色所声明的接口,工厂方法模式所创建的每一个对象都是某个具体产品角色的实例。
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class ConcreteProduct implements Product {
@Override
public void method1() {
System.out.println("handler ...");
//业务逻辑处理代码
}
@Override
public void method2() {
System.out.println("handler ...");
//业务逻辑处理代码
}
}
应用代码FactoryMethodDemo.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FactoryMethodDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Creator creator = new ConcreteCreator();
Product product = creator.factory(ConcreteProduct.class);
/*
* 继续业务处理
*/
}
}
工厂方法模式的实例
抽象工厂FruitGardener.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public interface FruitGardener {
public Fruit factory();
}
抽象产品Fruit.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public interface Fruit {
//生长
public void grow();
//收获
public void harvest();
//栽种
public void plant();
}
具体工厂FruitAppleGardener.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FruitAppleGardener implements FruitGardener {
@Override
public Fruit factory() {
return new FruitApple();
}
}
具体工厂FruitGrapeGardener.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FruitGrapeGardener implements FruitGardener {
@Override
public Fruit factory() {
return new FruitGrape();
}
}
具体产品FruitApple.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FruitApple implements Fruit {
private int treeAge;
public int getTreeAge() {
return treeAge;
}
public void setTreeAge(int treeAge) {
this.treeAge = treeAge;
}
@Override
public void grow() {
System.out.println("apple grow...");
}
@Override
public void harvest() {
System.out.println("apple harvest...");
}
@Override
public void plant() {
System.out.println("apple plant...");
}
}
具体产品FruitGrape.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FruitGrape implements Fruit {
private boolean seedless;
public boolean isSeedless() {
return seedless;
}
public void setSeedless(boolean seedless) {
this.seedless = seedless;
}
@Override
public void grow() {
System.out.println("Grape grow...");
}
@Override
public void harvest() {
System.out.println("Grape harvest...");
}
@Override
public void plant() {
System.out.println("Grape plant...");
}
}
FruitClientDemo.java
package com.DesignPattern.Creational.FactoryMethod;
public class FruitClientDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 苹果园丁工厂
FruitGardener fruitGardener = new FruitAppleGardener();
// 通过工厂生产苹果
Fruit apple = fruitGardener.factory();
apple.plant();
apple.grow();
apple.harvest();
// 葡萄园丁工厂
fruitGardener = new FruitGrapeGardener();
// 通过工厂生产葡萄
Fruit grape = fruitGardener.factory();
grape.plant();
grape.grow();
grape.harvest();
}
}