[原]Struts2校验框架

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 21:59:00 发布

wintys

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 21:59:00 发布

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[标题]:[原]Struts2校验框架
[时间]:2009-7-27
[摘要]:校验框架配置、客户端校验
[关键字]:浪曦视频，Struts2应用开发系列，WebWork，Apache，validation
[环境]:struts-2.1.6、JDK6、MyEclipse7、Tomcat6
[作者]:Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://www.blogjava.net/wintys

[正文]:
Struts校验框架提供了一种不用编写代码，只需修改配置文件即可对输入进行校验的功能。代码方式校验，即重写validate()方法。实际应用中，validate()与校验框架一般只选其一 。

1、校验框架配置
在RegisterAction.java相同目录新建校验框架配置文件RegisterAction-validation.xml。RegisterAction-validation.xml的DTD可以复制struts自带的示例struts2-mailreader-2.1.6中的DTD:

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/ xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd ">

xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>



<!ELEMENT validators (field|validator)+>

<!ELEMENT field (field-validator+)>
<!ATTLIST field
   name CDATA #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT field-validator (param*, message)>
<!ATTLIST field-validator
   type CDATA #REQUIRED
    short-circuit (true|false) "false"
>

<!ELEMENT validator (param*, message)>
<!ATTLIST validator
   type CDATA #REQUIRED
    short-circuit (true|false) "false"
>

<!ELEMENT param (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST param
    name CDATA #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT message (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST message
    key CDATA #IMPLIED
>

RegisterAction-validation.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
       "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
       "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

<validators>

    <field name="name">
        <field-validator type="requiredstring" >
            <param name="trim">true</param>
            <message>name required</message>
        </field-validator>
        <field-validator type="stringlength">
            <param name="trim">true</param>
            <param name=" minLength ">6</param>
            <param name="maxLength">10</param>
            <message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="age">
        <field-validator type="conversion" short-circuit="true" >
            <message>the field age conversion error</message>
        </field-validator>
        <field-validator type="int">
            <param name="min">1</param>
            <param name="max">150</param>
            <message>age range: ${min} ~ ${max}</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="birthday">
        <field-validator type="required" >
            <message>birthday required</message>
        </field-validator>
        <field-validator type="date">
            <param name="min">2009-01-01</param>
            <param name="max">2009-12-31</param>
            <message>birthday range: ${min} ~ ${max}</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="email">
        <field-validator type="email">
            <message>invalid email address</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>
</validators>

说明:
a.校验框架有两种校验方式:field和validator。
field校验:先指定需要校验的属性，再指定校验方式。validator校验:先指定校验方式，再指定需要校验的属性。两种方式是等价的。

field校验:
<field name="name">
   <field-validator type="requiredstring" >
       <param name="trim">true</param>
       <message>name required</message>
   </field-validator>
   <field-validator type="stringlength">
       <param name="trim">true</param>
       <param name="minLength">6</param>
       <param name="maxLength">10</param>
       <message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
   </field-validator>
</field>

validator校验:
<validator type="requiredstring">
   <param name="fieldName" >name</param>
   <param name="trim">true</param>
   <message>name required</message>
</validator>
<validator type="stringlength">
   <param name="fieldName" >name</param>
    <param name="trim">true</param>
    <param name="minLength">6</param>
    <param name="maxLength">10</param>
    <message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
</validator>

b.<field-validator type="requiredstring" >中的type及其对应的xwork类可以在xwork-2.1.2.jar/com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators/default.xml 中查找到。
default.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
        "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator Config 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd">


<validators>
    <validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/>
    <validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/>
    <validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/>
    <validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/>
    <validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/>
    <validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/>
</validators>

c. 对于校验<field-validator type="requiredstring" >:String用requiredstring，其它类型用required。
d. 验证错误将默认产生FieldError。
e. short-circuit="true" : 一个校验失败，是否是继续执行后续校验。
f. 对于相同属性的FieldError，validate()方法中的验证和RegisterAction-validation.xml中的验证都会执行,并且FieldError都会显示。
执行顺序: RegisterAction-validation.xml => validate()。

2、特定于业务逻辑的局部校验:
对于struts.xml中<action>的method="register"指定的业务方法register()，使用校验RegisterAction-register-validation.xml(与RegisterAction.java在同一目录下)。同时，RegisterAction-validation.xml会被执行。执行顺序: RegisterAction-validation.xml => RegisterAction-register-validation.xml

3、Struts2客户端校验
   设置struts标签<s:form>中validate="true"。这样就会根据RegisterAction-validation.xml生成页面Javascript，在客户端执行校验。

注意:
a.struts标签不能使用simple主题。
b.Struts2客户端校验功能较弱，一般不用。

4、FieldError和ActionError的实现
a.真正存放field级别错误信息的对象是LinkedHashMap。
b.该LinkedHashMap的key是String类型的，value是ArrayList类型，所以同一个key可以对应多个错误消息。
c.对于Action级别的错误信息，实际上是放置在ArrayList中的。

[参考资料]:
    《浪曦视频之Struts2应用开发系列》

[附件]:
    源代码 : struts_ValidationFramework.zip