根据提供的引用内容，您可以使用FFmpeg API在C#中编写程序，以实现将H264关键帧转换为BMP的功能。以下是大致的流程原理：
1.使用FFmpeg API解复用mp4文件，得到一个视频流。
2.将视频流解码为yuv序列。
3.将yuv序列中指定的一帧图片内容转换为rgb。
4.将rgb数据存储为bmp位图。
以下是一个C#的示例代码：
```csharp
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace H264ToBmp
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// 初始化FFmpeg
FFmpeg.av_register_all();
FFmpeg.avcodec_register_all();
// 打开输入文件
string inputFileName = "input.mp4";
AVFormatContext* inputFormatContext = null;
if (FFmpeg.avformat_open_input(&inputFormatContext, inputFileName, null, null) != 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法打开输入文件");
return;
}
// 查找视频流
int videoStreamIndex = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < inputFormatContext->nb_streams; i++)
{
if (inputFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMediaType.AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
{
videoStreamIndex = i;
break;
}
}
if (videoStreamIndex == -1)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法找到视频流");
return;
}
// 打开视频解码器
AVCodec* videoCodec = FFmpeg.avcodec_find_decoder(inputFormatContext->streams[videoStreamIndex]->codecpar->codec_id);
if (videoCodec == null)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法找到视频解码器");
return;
}
AVCodecContext* videoCodecContext = FFmpeg.avcodec_alloc_context3(videoCodec);
if (FFmpeg.avcodec_parameters_to_context(videoCodecContext, inputFormatContext->streams[videoStreamIndex]->codecpar) < 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法初始化视频解码器上下文");
return;
}
if (FFmpeg.avcodec_open2(videoCodecContext, videoCodec, null) < 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法打开视频解码器");
return;
}
// 查找关键帧
AVPacket packet = new AVPacket();
AVFrame* frame = FFmpeg.av_frame_alloc();
int gotPicture = 0;
while (FFmpeg.av_read_frame(inputFormatContext, &packet) >= 0)
{
if (packet.stream_index == videoStreamIndex)
{
if (FFmpeg.avcodec_decode_video2(videoCodecContext, frame, &gotPicture, &packet) < 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("无法解码视频帧");
return;
}
if (gotPicture != 0 && (frame->key_frame != 0 || frame->pict_type == AVPictureType.AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I))
{
break;
}
}
FFmpeg.av_packet_unref(&packet);
}
// 将yuv序列转换为rgb
SwsContext* swsContext = FFmpeg.sws_getContext(videoCodecContext->width, videoCodecContext->height, videoCodecContext->pix_fmt,
videoCodecContext->width, videoCodecContext->height, AVPixelFormat.AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, 0, null, null, null);
AVFrame* rgbFrame = FFmpeg.av_frame_alloc();
byte_ptrArray4 rgbData = new byte_ptrArray4();
int rgbDataSize = FFmpeg.av_image_alloc(rgbData, null, videoCodecContext->width, videoCodecContext->height, AVPixelFormat.AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, 1);
FFmpeg.sws_scale(swsContext, frame->data, frame->linesize, 0, videoCodecContext->height, rgbData, rgbFrame->linesize);
// 将rgb数据存储为bmp位图
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(videoCodecContext->width, videoCodecContext->height, videoCodecContext->width * 3, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, new IntPtr(rgbData[0]));
bmp.Save("output.bmp", ImageFormat.Bmp);
// 释放资源
FFmpeg.avformat_close_input(&inputFormatContext);
FFmpeg.avcodec_free_context(&videoCodecContext);
FFmpeg.av_frame_free(&frame);
FFmpeg.sws_freeContext(swsContext);
FFmpeg.av_frame_free(&rgbFrame);
FFmpeg.av_freep(&rgbData[0]);
}
}
public unsafe static class FFmpeg
{
private const string DllName = "ffmpeg.dll";
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void av_register_all();
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void avcodec_register_all();
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext** ps, string url, AVInputFormat* fmt, AVDictionary** options);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int avcodec_decode_video2(AVCodecContext* avctx, AVFrame* picture, int* got_picture_ptr, AVPacket* avpkt);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern AVCodec* avcodec_find_decoder(AVCodecID id);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern AVCodecContext* avcodec_alloc_context3(AVCodec* codec);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int avcodec_parameters_to_context(AVCodecContext* codec, AVCodecParameters* par);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int avcodec_open2(AVCodecContext* avctx, AVCodec* codec, AVDictionary** options);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int av_read_frame(AVFormatContext* s, AVPacket* pkt);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void av_packet_unref(AVPacket* pkt);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern AVFrame* av_frame_alloc();
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern SwsContext* sws_getContext(int srcW, int srcH, AVPixelFormat srcFormat,
int dstW, int dstH, AVPixelFormat dstFormat, int flags, SwsFilter* srcFilter, SwsFilter* dstFilter, double* param);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern int av_image_alloc(byte_ptrArray4 pointers, int_array4 linesizes, int w, int h, AVPixelFormat pix_fmt, int align);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void sws_scale(SwsContext* c, byte_ptrArray4 srcSlice, int_array4 srcStride,
int srcSliceY, int srcSliceH, byte_ptrArray4 dst, int_array4 dstStride);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void sws_freeContext(SwsContext* swsContext);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void av_frame_free(AVFrame** frame);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void avcodec_free_context(AVCodecContext** avctx);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void avformat_close_input(AVFormatContext** s);
[DllImport(DllName)]
public static extern void av_freep(void* ptr);
}
public enum AVMediaType
{
AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN = -1,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_ATTACHMENT,
AVMEDIA_TYPE_NB
}
public enum AVCodecID
{
AV_CODEC_ID_NONE,
/* video codecs */
AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO, ///< preferred ID for MPEG-1/2 video decoding
AV_CODEC_ID_H261,
AV_CODEC_ID_H263,
AV_CODEC_ID_RV10,
AV_CODEC_ID_RV20,
AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG,
AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEGB,
AV_CODEC_ID_LJPEG,
AV_CODEC_ID_SP5X,
AV_CODEC_ID_JPEGLS,
AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4,
AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSMPEG4V1,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSMPEG4V2,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSMPEG4V3,
AV_CODEC_ID_WMV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_WMV2,
AV_CODEC_ID_H263P,
AV_CODEC_ID_H263I,
AV_CODEC_ID_FLV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_SVQ1,
AV_CODEC_ID_SVQ3,
AV_CODEC_ID_DVVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_HUFFYUV,
AV_CODEC_ID_CYUV,
AV_CODEC_ID_H264,
AV_CODEC_ID_INDEO3,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP3,
AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA,
AV_CODEC_ID_ASV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_ASV2,
AV_CODEC_ID_FFV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_4XM,
AV_CODEC_ID_VCR1,
AV_CODEC_ID_CLJR,
AV_CODEC_ID_MDEC,
AV_CODEC_ID_ROQ,
AV_CODEC_ID_INTERPLAY_VIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_XAN_WC3,
AV_CODEC_ID_XAN_WC4,
AV_CODEC_ID_RPZA,
AV_CODEC_ID_CINEPAK,
AV_CODEC_ID_WS_VQA,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSRLE,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSVIDEO1,
AV_CODEC_ID_IDCIN,
AV_CODEC_ID_8BPS,
AV_CODEC_ID_SMC,
AV_CODEC_ID_FLIC,
AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEMOTION1,
AV_CODEC_ID_VMDVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_MSZH,
AV_CODEC_ID_ZLIB,
AV_CODEC_ID_QTRLE,
AV_CODEC_ID_TSCC,
AV_CODEC_ID_ULTI,
AV_CODEC_ID_QDRAW,
AV_CODEC_ID_VIXL,
AV_CODEC_ID_QPEG,
AV_CODEC_ID_PNG,
AV_CODEC_ID_PPM,
AV_CODEC_ID_PBM,
AV_CODEC_ID_PGM,
AV_CODEC_ID_PGMYUV,
AV_CODEC_ID_PAM,
AV_CODEC_ID_FFVHUFF,
AV_CODEC_ID_RV30,
AV_CODEC_ID_RV40,
AV_CODEC_ID_VC1,
AV_CODEC_ID_WMV3,
AV_CODEC_ID_LOCO,
AV_CODEC_ID_WNV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_AASC,
AV_CODEC_ID_INDEO2,
AV_CODEC_ID_FRAPS,
AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEMOTION2,
AV_CODEC_ID_BMP,
AV_CODEC_ID_CSCD,
AV_CODEC_ID_MMVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_ZMBV,
AV_CODEC_ID_AVS,
AV_CODEC_ID_SMACKVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_NUV,
AV_CODEC_ID_KMVC,
AV_CODEC_ID_FLASHSV,
AV_CODEC_ID_CAVS,
AV_CODEC_ID_JPEG2000,
AV_CODEC_ID_VMNC,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP5,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP6,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP6F,
AV_CODEC_ID_TARGA,
AV_CODEC_ID_DSICINVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_TIERTEXSEQVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_TIFF,
AV_CODEC_ID_GIF,
AV_CODEC_ID_DXA,
AV_CODEC_ID_DNXHD,
AV_CODEC_ID_THP,
AV_CODEC_ID_SGI,
AV_CODEC_ID_C93,
AV_CODEC_ID_BETHSOFTVID,
AV_CODEC_ID_PTX,
AV_CODEC_ID_TXD,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP6A,
AV_CODEC_ID_AMV,
AV_CODEC_ID_VB,
AV_CODEC_ID_PCX,
AV_CODEC_ID_SUNRAST,
AV_CODEC_ID_INDEO4,
AV_CODEC_ID_INDEO5,
AV_CODEC_ID_MIMIC,
AV_CODEC_ID_RL2,
AV_CODEC_ID_ESCAPE124,
AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC,
AV_CODEC_ID_BFI,
AV_CODEC_ID_CMV,
AV_CODEC_ID_MOTIONPIXELS,
AV_CODEC_ID_TGV,
AV_CODEC_ID_TGQ,
AV_CODEC_ID_TQI,
AV_CODEC_ID_AURA,
AV_CODEC_ID_AURA2,
AV_CODEC_ID_V210X,
AV_CODEC_ID_TMV,
AV_CODEC_ID_V210,
AV_CODEC_ID_DPX,
AV_CODEC_ID_MAD,
AV_CODEC_ID_FRWU,
AV_CODEC_ID_FLASHSV2,
AV_CODEC_ID_CDGRAPHICS,
AV_CODEC_ID_R210,
AV_CODEC_ID_ANM,
AV_CODEC_ID_BINKVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_IFF_ILBM,
AV_CODEC_ID_IFF_BYTERUN1,
AV_CODEC_ID_KGV1,
AV_CODEC_ID_YOP,
AV_CODEC_ID_VP8,
AV_CODEC_ID_PICTOR,
AV_CODEC_ID_ANSI,
AV_CODEC_ID_A64_MULTI,
AV_CODEC_ID_A64_MULTI5,
AV_CODEC_ID_R10K,
AV_CODEC_ID_MXPEG,
AV_CODEC_ID_LAGARITH,
AV_CODEC_ID_PRORES,
AV_CODEC_ID_JV,
AV_CODEC_ID_DFA,
AV_CODEC_ID_WMV3IMAGE,
AV_CODEC_ID_VC1IMAGE,
AV_CODEC_ID_UTVIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_BMV_VIDEO,
AV_CODEC_ID_VBLE,
AV_CODEC_ID_DXTORY,
AV_CODEC_ID_V410,
AV_CODEC_ID_XWD,
AV_CODEC_ID_CDXL,
AV_CODEC_ID_XBM,
AV_CODEC_ID_ZEROCODEC,
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