SSJ集成&声明式事务管理

1.什么是三大框架
Spring4 + SpringMVC+ jpa/hibernate4
2.Spring集成JPA
先完成Spring与jpa的集成

pom.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.itsource</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssj_demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring+springmvc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springjdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring+jpa整合包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

3.写一个domain对象，配置JPA映射

@Entity//声明该类是一个实体类
@Table(name = "t_product")//用来命名实体类对应数据库的名称
public class Product {

    @Id//主键字段
    @GeneratedValue//主键生成策略
    private Long id;
    private String name;

4.Bean对象注入的顺序
jdbc.properties->dataSource->entityManagerFactory->dao->service->junit->action
5.加载jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ssj
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- 加载jdbc.properties -->
<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties" />

6.配置连接池dataSource

<!-- 配置连接池dataSource -->
<!-- destroy-method="close当前bean销毁的时候，会先调用close方法，关闭连接" -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
	<!-- 依赖注入连接池需要的属性 -->
	<!-- property name="是BasicDataSource的set方法，本质属性" -->
	<!-- property value="是jdbc.properties配置文件的key" -->
	<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
	<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
	<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
	<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

7.配置entityManagerFactory

<!-- org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter引入默认entityManagerFactory名称 -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
	<!-- 1.注入DataSource -->
	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	<!-- 2.从哪个包去扫描@Entity，domain包 -->
	<!-- public void setPackagesToScan(String... packagesToScan) { -->
	<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itsource.ssj.domain" />
	<!-- 3.配置JPA的实现 -->
	<!-- private JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter; setJpaVendorAdapter()  private OtherBean otherBean -->
	<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
		<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
			<!-- org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.AbstractJpaVendorAdapter -->
			<!-- private boolean showSql = false;是否显示sql语句 -->
			<property name="showSql" value="true" />
			<!-- private boolean generateDdl = false;是否建表 数据定义语言 -->
			<property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
			<!-- private String databasePlatform;原来方言 -->
			<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
		</bean>
	</property>
</bean>

3.4. IProductDao

package cn.itsource.ssj.dao;

import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;

import java.util.List;

//产品接口
public interface IProductDao {
    //保存
    public void save(Product product);
    //修改
    public void update(Product product);
    //删除
    public void delete(Long id);
    //查询
    public Product findOne(Long id);
    //查询所有
    public List<Product> findAll();
}

3.5. ProductDaoImpl

package cn.itsource.ssj.dao.impl;

import cn.itsource.ssj.dao.IProductDao;
import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import java.util.List;

//产品接口实现类
@Repository//将dao层的类扫描到Spring的bean容器中。
public class ProductDaoImpl implements IProductDao {
    //把spring拿到EntityManagerFactory，从里面得到该对象
    @PersistenceContext//注入的是实体管理器，执行持久化操作,操作数据。
    private EntityManager entityManager;
    //保存
    public void save(Product product) {
        entityManager.persist(product);
    }
    //修改
    public void update(Product product) {
        entityManager.merge(product);
    }
    //删除
    public void delete(Long id) {
        Product product = entityManager.find(Product.class, id);
        //判断值是否为空
        if (product!=null){
        entityManager.remove(product);
        }
    }
    //查询
    public Product findOne(Long id) {
        return entityManager.find(Product.class, id);
    }
    //查询所有
    public List<Product> findAll() {
        //jbql 查询表所有数据 操作对象
        String jbql = "select o from Product o";
        //执行查询语句 得到查询结果的对象
        Query query = entityManager.createQuery(jbql);
        //返回查询结果对象的结果集 结果输出列表
        return query.getResultList();
    }
}

3.6.	组件扫描
<!-- 扫描dao、service、action组件 -->
<!-- 可以处理@Repository, @Service, and @Controller,@Autowired,@PersistenceContext 注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itsource.ssj" />
3.7.	IProductService

```java
package cn.itsource.ssj.service;

import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
//服务层接口
import java.util.List;

public interface IProductService {
    //保存
    public void save(Product product);
    //修改
    public void update(Product product);
    //删除
    public void delete(Long id);
    //查询
    public Product findOne(Long id);
    //查询所有
    public List<Product> findAll();
}

3.8.	ProductServiceImpl

package cn.itsource.ssj.service.impl;

import cn.itsource.ssj.dao.IProductDao;
import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
import cn.itsource.ssj.service.IProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
//服务层接口实现类
import java.util.List;
@Service//service层使用该注解 下面的类将自动注入到spring
//在spring的配置文件添加一点事务配置，并且在service层类上面添加一些注解，就可以实现事务管理
//事务一般是放到service层 dao层只专注对数据库的操作 查询没有事务 增加修改删除都有事务
//事务传播机制 如果下面的方法有事务 就使用事务运行 如果没有事务 就用非事务运行
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly = true)
public class ProductServicelmpl implements IProductService {
    //对类成员变量、方法及构造函数进行标注，完成自动装配的工作。
    @Autowired
    private IProductDao productDao;
    //保存
    @Transactional// 如果当前存在事务，就沿用当前事务，否则新建一个事务运行子方法
    public void save(Product product) {
        productDao.save(product);
    }
    //修改
    @Transactional//事务方式运行
    public void update(Product product) {
        productDao.update(product);
    }
    //删除
    @Transactional//事务方式运行
    public void delete(Long id) {
        productDao.delete(id);
    }
    //查询
    public Product findOne(Long id) {
        return productDao.findOne(id);
    }
    //查询所有
    public List<Product> findAll() {
        return productDao.findAll();
    }
}
3.9.	声明式事务管理(注解版本)
在spring的配置文件添加一点事务配置，并且在service层类上面添加一些注解，就可以实现事务管理
3.9.1.	添加一个tx命名空间
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
3.9.2.	添加事务配置
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
	<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 开启注解事务管理 ，解析@Transactional注解 -->
<!-- transaction-manager="transactionManager"默认找bean.id=transactionManager事务管理器 -->
<tx:annotation-driven />
3.9.3.	ProductServiceImpl
package cn.itsource.ssj.service.impl;

import cn.itsource.ssj.dao.IProductDao;
import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
import cn.itsource.ssj.service.IProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
//服务层接口实现类
import java.util.List;
@Service//service层使用该注解 下面的类将自动注入到spring
//在spring的配置文件添加一点事务配置，并且在service层类上面添加一些注解，就可以实现事务管理
//事务一般是放到service层 dao层只专注对数据库的操作 查询没有事务 增加修改删除都有事务
//事务传播机制 如果下面的方法有事务 就使用事务运行 如果没有事务 就用非事务运行
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly = true)
public class ProductServicelmpl implements IProductService {
    //对类成员变量、方法及构造函数进行标注，完成自动装配的工作。
    @Autowired
    private IProductDao productDao;
    //保存
    @Transactional// 如果当前存在事务，就沿用当前事务，否则新建一个事务运行子方法
    public void save(Product product) {
        productDao.save(product);
    }
    //修改
    @Transactional//事务方式运行
    public void update(Product product) {
        productDao.update(product);
    }
    //删除
    @Transactional//事务方式运行
    public void delete(Long id) {
        productDao.delete(id);
    }
    //查询
    public Product findOne(Long id) {
        return productDao.findOne(id);
    }
    //查询所有
    public List<Product> findAll() {
        return productDao.findAll();
    }
}
3.10.	Junit
package cn.itsource.ssj;

import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.ProductDir;
import cn.itsource.ssj.service.IProductDirService;
import cn.itsource.ssj.service.IProductService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
//让测试运行于Spring测试环境
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//Spring整合JUnit4测试时，使用注解引入多个配置文件
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class TestJpa {
    @Autowired
    private IProductService productService;
    @Autowired
    private IProductDirService productDirService;
      @Test
          public void testName()throws Exception{
          Product product = new Product();
          product.setName("西瓜");
          ProductDir dir = new ProductDir();
          dir.setName("水果类");
          //给水果设置种类
          product.setDir(dir);
          productDirService.save(dir);
          productService.save(product);
      }
}
4.	Spring集成SpringMVC **配置web.xml**
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!--监听器 Listener javaweb 可以监听四大作用生命周期 和 作用域属性操作
        就可以读取的配置文件 contextConfigLocation 为key value applicationContext.xml
    -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 核心控制器配置-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 优先加载servlet-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--编码过滤器配置-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- 配置过滤器 解决懒加载延迟关闭问题-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>openEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>openEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>
4.2.	配置applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描 可以处理@Repository, @Service, and @Controller,@Autowired,@PersistenceContext 注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itsource.ssj"></context:component-scan>
    <!--读取配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>

    <!--entityManagerFactory-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!--扫描注解 entity-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itsource.ssj.domain"></property>
        <!-- 方言 是否显示sql  建表策略-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
                <!-- private boolean generateDdl = true;底层使用update策略-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
                <!-- private String databasePlatform;原来方言 -->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 事务控制 id必须这样取名 底层就是找名字 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 扫描的注解 @Transaction-->
    <tx:annotation-driven ></tx:annotation-driven>


</beans>
4.3.	ProductController
package cn.itsource.ssj.web.controller;

import cn.itsource.ssj.domain.Product;
import cn.itsource.ssj.service.IProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.util.List;

@Controller//用于标记在一个类上，使用它标记的类就是一个SpringMvc Controller对象，
// 分发处理器会扫描使用该注解的类的方法，并检测该方法是否使用了@RequestMapping注解。
@RequestMapping("/product")//访问资源路径 将 HTTP 请求映射到 MVC 和 REST 控制器的处理方法上。
public class ProductController {
    @Autowired
    private IProductService productService;
    //跳转页面
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index() {
        return "product";//返回到这个product.jsp页面
    }
    //返回json格式的数据
    @RequestMapping("/list")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<Product> list() {
        return productService.findAll();
     }
}
5.	以同样的方式添加产品类型
5.1.	添加产品类型模型
模型ProductDir，修改Product添加@ManyToOne
写dao，service
5.2.	修改web.xml，解决延迟加载的异常
<!-- 添加关闭entityManger过滤器，必须在struts2过滤器之前 -->
<filter>
	<filter-name>OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
	<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

配置：
在Product类里面配置 

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="dir_id")
@JsonIgnoreProperties({"hibernateLazyInitializer", "handler"})
private ProductDir productDir;