转：四种找到SqlServer主键的方法

转载链接：http://database.51cto.com/art/201010/230521.htm

 

 

SqlServer有多种找到SqlServer主键的方法，下面就为您介绍其中的四种，供您参考学习，其中的第一、二中种方法是最为简单的。

1:利用SQL自带的存储过程找到SqlServer主键：

EXEC sp_pkeys @table_name='表名'

2:利用系统表INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE 找到SqlServer主键：

SELECT TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE   
WHERE TABLE_NAME='表名' 

3: 以下这个查询表结构的语句可能大家都见过：

利用syscolumns,sysindexes,sysindexkeys三个表关联可以查出SqlServer主键

SELECT   
 (case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end) N'表名',  
 a.colorder N'字段序号',  
 a.name N'字段名',  
 (case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end) N'标识',  
 (case when (SELECT count(*)  
 FROM sysobjects  
 WHERE (name in  
           (SELECT name  
          FROM sysindexes  
          WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in  
                    (SELECT indid  
                   FROM sysindexkeys  
                   WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in  
                             (SELECT colid  
                            FROM syscolumns  
                            WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND  
        (xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) N'主键',  
 b.name N'类型',  
 a.length N'占用字节数',  
 COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as N'长度',  
 isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as N'小数位数',  
 (case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) N'允许空',  
 isnull(e.text,'') N'默认值',  
 isnull(g.[value],'') AS N'字段说明'  
--into ##tx  
 
FROM  syscolumns  a left join systypes b   
on  a.xtype=b.xusertype  
inner join sysobjects d   
on a.id=d.id  and  d.xtype='U' and  d.name<>'dtproperties'  
left join syscomments e  
on a.cdefault=e.id  
left join sysproperties g  
on a.id=g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid    
order by object_name(a.id),a.colorder  

 4:

select o.name as 表名,c.name as 字段名,k.colid as 字段序号,k.keyno as 索引顺序 from sysindexes i  
join sysindexkeys k on i.id = k.id and i.indid = k.indid  
join sysobjects o on i.id = o.id  
join syscolumns c on i.id=c.id and k.colid = c.colid  
where o.xtype = 'U' 
and exists(select 1 from sysobjects where xtype = 'PK' and name = i.name)  
order by o.name,k.colid