在AndroidMainfest.xml添加了写文件权限还是提示open failed:eacces (permission denied)

今天遇到的问题，在AndroidMainfest.xml添加了写文件权限还是提示open failed:eacces (permission denied)

查找了很久才发现原来是下面的原因：（原因为转载，红字为自己添加注释）

For API 23+ you need to request the read/write permissions even if they are already in your manifest. 
因为在API23以上版本，你必须请求读写权限，即使你在清单文件里声明了。

和声明各组件一样，先在MainActivity里声明如下代码

private static final int REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
    private static String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    };
 
 
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接着在调用更新代码处添加如下方法即可。

用AndroidStudio开发：

int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

                    if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        // We don't have permission so prompt the user
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                                MainActivity.this,
                                PERMISSIONS_STORAGE,
                                REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
                        );
                    }
 
 
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使用旧的eclipse的话：

int permission = OperateQuestionnairActivity.this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

        if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // We don't have permission so prompt the user
            OperateQuestionnairActivity.this.requestPermissions(
                    PERMISSIONS_STORAGE,
                    REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            );
        }
 
 
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申请多条权限： 
1.声明变量：

// 权限
private static final int REQUEST_PERMISSION = 1;
private static String[] PERMISSIONS = {
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE,
        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE,
        Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
        Manifest.permission.VIBRATE,
        Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
        Manifest.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS,
        Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED,
        Manifest.permission.WAKE_LOCK,
        Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
        Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
        Manifest.permission.READ_LOGS
};
 
 
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2.onCreate里调用：

    /**
     * 初始化权限
     */
    private void initPermission() {
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            boolean isGranted = true;
            for (String permission : PERMISSIONS) {
                int result = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
                if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    isGranted = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (!isGranted) {
                // 还没有的话，去申请权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_PERMISSION);
            }
        }
    }
 
 
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3.回调：

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        if (requestCode == REQUEST_PERMISSION) {
            boolean granted = true;
            for (int result : grantResults) {
                granted = result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                if (!granted) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (!granted) {
                // 没有赋予权限

            } else {
                // 已经赋予过权限了

            }
        }
    }
 
 
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另：安卓M以上版本，如果你在Activity申请了Manifest没有声明的权限，那么将不会弹出权限请求的对话框，直接返回-1（权限拒绝）；如果你在Manifest声明了，但没有在Activity里申请就直接使用特殊的权限，应用将直接闪退。