SQL学习分享2之分组排序函数ROW_NUMBER() OVER()

参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25221835/article/details/82762416

语法格式：row_number() over(partition by 分组列 order by 排序列 desc)

row_number() over()分组排序功能，这里使用的是impala函数引擎测试

在使用 row_number() over()函数时候，over()里头的分组以及排序的执行晚于 where 、group by、  order by 的执行。

例一：

表数据：

create table if not EXISTS TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(
       id INT ,
       name string ,
       age int ,
       salary int 
);


insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(1,'a',10,8000);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(1,'a2',11,6500);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(2,'b',12,13000);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(2,'b2',13,4500);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(3,'c',14,3000);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(3,'c2',15,20000);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(4,'d',16,30000);
insert into TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER(id,name,age,salary) values(5,'d2',17,1800);

一次排序：对查询结果进行排序（无分组）

select id,name,age,salary,row_number()over(order by salary desc) rn
from TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER t

结果：

进一步排序：根据id分组排序

select id,name,age,salary,row_number()over(PARTITION by id order by salary desc) rank
from TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER t

结果：

 再一次排序：找出每一组中序号为一的数据

with a as(
select id,name,age,salary,row_number()over(PARTITION by id order by salary desc) rank
from TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER t
)
SELECT * from a where a.rank<2

或者
SELECT * FROM(
select id,name,age,salary,row_number()over(PARTITION by id order by salary desc) rank
from TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER
)A where A.rank <2

结果：

排序找出年龄在13岁到16岁数据，按salary排序

select id,name,age,salary,row_number()over( order by salary desc) rank
from TEST_ROW_NUMBER_OVER t
where age BETWEEN 13 and 16

结果：

结果中 rank 的序号，其实就表明了 over(order by salary desc) 是在where age between and 后执行的