Ubuntu16.04+nvidia+cuda+opencv+caffe-ssd+python2

因项目需要，记录新系统Ubuntu16.04安装Python2版本的caffe-ssd

安装Ubuntu16.04

建议采用rufus制作优盘，建议BIOS启动时不要用UEFI安装

安装NVIDIA驱动

添加源

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
ubuntu-drivers devices

查看系统驱动推荐，有一个是recommend

ubuntu-drivers devices

安装推荐的即可

sudo apt-get install nvidia-xxx

安装后重启再输入nvidia-smi即可看到驱动安装成功

安装cuda

注意：cuda和NVIDIA的驱动有匹配关系，见下表：

此表来自NVIDIA官方文档

cuda官网下载
cuda历史各个版本
可下载runfile(local)版本，安装时注意跳过安装NVIDIA驱动的步骤（因为前面已经装过了）。

sudo bash ./cuda_8.0.61_375.26_linux.run 

然后在~/.bashrc中添加路径：

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib64"
export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}

此时输入nvcc -V会出现cuda版本信息。
如果安装时安装了example，可以再home下找到example，在1_Utilities/deviceQuery中make，然后./deviceQuery测试

安装cudnn

cudnn下载
官网需要注册并登录，注意下载cuda相应版本的cudnn
参照官网说明文档下载压缩包后

tar -xzvf cudnn-10.2-linux-x64-v7.6.5.32.tgz
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*

安装anaconda2

因为caffe-ssd源码用Python2，故此处使用anaconda2，官网下载anaconda2，然后安装即可，安装时允许其加入系统路径

sudo bash ./Anaconda2-2019.07-Linux-x86_64.sh 

记得

sudo chmod 777 -R ~/anaconda2

在bashrc中加入路径：

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/its/anaconda2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

安装OpenCV3.3.0

OpenCV官网
官网速度慢时可以用这个下载驿站
安装依赖

sudo apt-get installbuild-essential 
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

解压后，新建build文件夹

cd ~/opencv-3.3.0/build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make
make install

上面报错可以加sudo试试，此时在Python里面import cv2会报错，可以：

sudo apt install python-pip
pip install opencv-python

编译caffe-ssd

源码下载caffe-ssd
安装依赖项：

sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev
sudo apt-get install libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev
sudo apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential cmake vim git wget curl zip liblapack-dev liblapack3 libatlas-base-dev libopenblas-dev libboost-all-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libleveldb-dev liblmdb-dev libprotobuf-dev libsnappy-dev protobuf-compiler python-dev python-numpy python-opencv python-scipy
sudo apt-get install zip liblapack-dev liblapack3 libatlas-base-dev libopenblas-dev libboost-all-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libleveldb-dev liblmdb-dev libprotobuf-dev libsnappy-dev protobuf-compiler python-dev python-numpy python-opencv python-scipy

caffe-ssd的Makefile.config文件如下：

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0
# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
# USE_HDF5 := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#	You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#	possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
		-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
		-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
		-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
		-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
		-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
		-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
		-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
		-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
		/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
 ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda2
 PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
		 $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
		 $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
# PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \
#                 /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
# PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
 PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @

然后：

make -j16
make test
make runtest 

在bashrc中加入路径：

export PYTHONPATH=/home/its/caffe-ssd/python