列表常用数据处理

列表操作
需求:现在有一个list ，range_data = ['m', 'M', 'h', 'c', 'X', 'Z', 'A', 'o']希望得到两个list，  一个是奇数list =['m', 'h', 'X', 'A']，另一个是偶数 list：['M', 'c', 'Z', 'o']

方法一：
range_data = ['m', 'M', 'h', 'c', 'X', 'Z', 'A', 'o']
list_a = []
list_b = []
for i in range_data:
    lem_a = range_data.index(i)
    if (lem_a%2) == 0:
        list_a.append(i)
        a = a + 1

    else:
        list_b.append(i)
        a = a + 1

print list_a
print list_b

方法二：
range_data = ['m', 'M', 'h', 'c', 'X', 'Z', 'A', 'o']
print range_data[::2]
print range_data[1::2]

输出结果：
['m', 'h', 'X', 'A']
['M', 'c', 'Z', 'o']


将列表均分：
one_data_list=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]变为
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
方法一：
def test1(one_data_list,colnum=3):
    '''
    将一维的列表转化为矩阵形式
    '''
    res_list=[]
    for i in range(0,len(one_data_list),colnum):
        res_list.append(one_data_list[i:i+colnum])
    return res_list

print test1(one_data_list,colnum=3)

方法二：
def test2(one_list,c=3):
    '''
    将一个长度为n的列表划分 ，每个子列表中包含m个元素
    '''
    return [one_list[i:i+c] for i in range(len(one_list)) if i%c==0]

print test2(one_data_list,c=3)

比较列表的元素是否相同（包括顺序）
import operator
li_1 = ["a", "b", "d", "c"]
li_2 = ["a", "b", "d", "c"]
print(operator.eq(li_1,li_2)) 
元素和顺序都相同返回True，否则返回False

# python拆分多层嵌套列表（多维数据转化为一维数据） 
方法一：
import itertools
a = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
print(list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(a))) 
out：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

方法二：
import operator
from functools import reduce
a = [[1,2,3], [4,6], [7,8,9,8]]
print(reduce(operator.add, a))
out：[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8]

方法三：
a = [[1,2,3], [5, 8], [7,8,9]]
l=[]
for m in range(0,3):
    for i in a[m]:
        l.append(i)
print(l)
out：[1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9]

方法四：
from itertools import chain
b=[[1,2,3], [5,8], [7,8,9]]
c=list(chain(*b))
print(c)
out：[1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9]

方法五：
a=[[1,2,3], [5,8], [7,8,9]]
a= eval('['+str(a).replace(' ','').replace('[','').replace(']','')+']')
print(a)
out：[1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9]

方法六：
def flatten(a):
    if not isinstance(a, (list, )):
        return [a]
    else:
        b = []
        for item in a:
            b += flatten(item)
    return b
if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = [[[1,2],3],[4,[5,6]],[7,8,9]]
    print(flatten(a))
out：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

方法七：
ab = [[1,2,3], [5,8], [7,8,9]]
print([i for item in ab for i in item])
out：[1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9]


列表嵌套字典，按每个字典中相同的value进行分类，并按顺序组装为所需列表
tmp_list = [
    {
        "num": "1",
        "count": "caocao"
    },
    {
        "num": "1",
        "count": "liubei"
    },
    {
        "num": "1",
        "count": "xiangyu"
    },
    {
        "num": "2",
        "count": "caocao"
    },
    {
        "num": "2",
        "count": "liubei"
    },
    {
        "num": "2",
        "count": "xiangyu"
    }
]
ret = int(len(tmp_list) / 2)
list_1 = []
j = 0
while j <= ret - 1:
    for i in tmp_list:
        if tmp_list[j]["count"] == i["count"]:
            list_1.append(i)
    j += 1
print(list_1)
out：[{'num': '1', 'count': 'caocao'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'caocao'}, {'num': '1', 'count': 'liubei'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'liubei'}, {'num': '1', 'count': 'xiangyu'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'xiangyu'}]

print([list_1[i:i + 2] for i in range(len(list_1)) if i % 2 == 0])
out：[[{'num': '1', 'count': 'caocao'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'caocao'}], [{'num': '1', 'count': 'liubei'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'liubei'}], [{'num': '1', 'count': 'xiangyu'}, {'num': '2', 'count': 'xiangyu'}]]