程序代码如下:
package inputformat;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import mapreduce.WordCountApp;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.ArrayWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
/**
* 数据源来自于内存
*/
public class MyselInputFormatApp {
private static final String OUT_PATH = "hdfs://chaoren1:9000/out";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
final FileSystem filesystem = FileSystem.get(new URI(OUT_PATH), conf);
filesystem.delete(new Path(OUT_PATH), true);
final Job job = new Job(conf , WordCountApp.class.getSimpleName());
job.setJarByClass(WordCountApp.class);
job.setInputFormatClass(MyselfMemoryInputFormat.class);
job.setMapperClass(MyMapper.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
job.setReducerClass(MyReducer.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(OUT_PATH));
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
public static class MyMapper extends Mapper<NullWritable, Text, Text, LongWritable>{
protected void map(NullWritable key, Text value, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper<NullWritable,Text,Text,LongWritable>.Context context) throws java.io.IOException ,InterruptedException {
final String line = value.toString();
final String[] splited = line.split("\t");
for (String word : splited) {
//在for循环体内,临时变量word的出现次数是常量1
context.write(new Text(word), new LongWritable(1));
}
};
}
//map产生的<k,v>分发到reduce的过程称作shuffle
public static class MyReducer extends Reducer<Text, LongWritable, Text, LongWritable>{
protected void reduce(Text key, java.lang.Iterable<LongWritable> values, org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer<Text,LongWritable,Text,LongWritable>.Context context) throws java.io.IOException ,InterruptedException {
//count表示单词key在整个文件中的出现次数
long count = 0L;
for (LongWritable times : values) {
count += times.get();
}
context.write(key, new LongWritable(count));
};
}
/**
* 从内存中产生数据,然后解析成一个个的键值对
*
*/
public static class MyselfMemoryInputFormat extends InputFormat<NullWritable, Text>{
@Override
public List<InputSplit> getSplits(JobContext context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
final ArrayList<InputSplit> result = new ArrayList<InputSplit>();
result.add(new MemoryInputSplit());
result.add(new MemoryInputSplit());
result.add(new MemoryInputSplit());
return result;
}
@Override
public RecordReader<NullWritable, Text> createRecordReader(
InputSplit split, TaskAttemptContext context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return new MemoryRecordReader();
}
}
public static class MemoryInputSplit extends InputSplit implements Writable{
final int SIZE = 10;
final ArrayWritable arrayWritable = new ArrayWritable(Text.class);
/**
* 先创建一个java数组类型,然后转化为hadoop的数组类型
*/
public MemoryInputSplit() {
Text[] array = new Text[SIZE];
final Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
final int nextInt = random.nextInt(999999);
final Text text = new Text("Text"+nextInt);
array[i] = text;
}
arrayWritable.set(array);
}
@Override
public long getLength() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return SIZE;
}
@Override
public String[] getLocations() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return new String[] {"localhost"};
}
public ArrayWritable getValues() {
return arrayWritable;
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
arrayWritable.write(out);
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
arrayWritable.readFields(in);
}
}
public static class MemoryRecordReader extends RecordReader<NullWritable, Text>{
Writable[] values = null;
Text value = null;
int i = 0;
@Override
public void initialize(InputSplit split, TaskAttemptContext context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
MemoryInputSplit inputSplit = (MemoryInputSplit)split;
ArrayWritable writables = inputSplit.getValues();
this.values = writables.get();
this.i = 0;
}
@Override
public boolean nextKeyValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
if(i>=values.length) {
return false;
}
if(this.value==null) {
this.value = new Text();
}
this.value.set((Text)values[i]);
i++;
return true;
}
@Override
public NullWritable getCurrentKey() throws IOException,
InterruptedException {
return NullWritable.get();
}
@Override
public Text getCurrentValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return value;
}
@Override
public float getProgress() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return 0;
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
}
}
}
总结:
1.InputFormat是用于处理各种数据源的。下面实现自定义的InputFormat,数据源是来自于内存。
1.1 在程序的job.setInputFormatClass(MySelfInputFormat.class);
1.2 实现InputFormat extends InputFormat<k,v>,实现其中的2个方法,分别是getSplits(..)和createRecordReader(..)
1.3 getSplits(...)返回的是java.util.List<T>,里面中的每个元素是InputSplit。每个InputSpilt对应一个mapper任务。
1.4 InputSplit是对原始海量数据源的划分。本例中是在内存中产生数据,封装到InputSplit中。
1.5 InputSplit封装的必须是hadoop数据类型,实现Writable接口。
1.6 RecordReader读取每个InputSplit中的数据,解析成一个个的<k,v>,供map处理。
1.7 RecordReader有4个核心方法,分别是initialize(...),nextKeyValue(),getCurrentKey()和getCurrentValue()。
1.8 initialize(...)的重要性在于拿到InputSplit和定义临时变量。
1.9 nextKeyValue(...)方法的每次调用可以获得key和value值
1.10 当nextKeyValue(...)调用后,紧接着调用getCurrentKey()和getCurrentValue()。