自定义contentProvider

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当我们需要像其他应用开放数据时，可以通过contentprovider来实现。 1、contentprovider操作与数据库类似，提供增、删、改、查操作。实现contentprovider时需要重写父类的提供的这四个方法，来实现向外暴露数据，或外部修改内部数据。 2、而为了满足外部与contentprovider交互时，contentprivider可以区别用户提供的uri，实现contentprovider时需要考虑向外提供的uri，以此来区别用户提供的uri。这些都通过UriMatcher来实现。即用户访问的uri必须是你已经提供处理的，否则没法处理。

3、具体见代码：

1	```package com.example.gettempermission;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.util.Log;

public class CustomContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

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private static final String TAG = "TEST"; private static final UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); private static final String authority = "com.example.gettempermission.provider"; private static final String sceme = "content://"; private static final int PERSON = 1; private static final int PERSON_ID = 2; private static final int PHONE = 3; private static final int PHONE_ID = 4; private static final String TABLE_PERSON = "person"; private static final String TABLE_PHONE = "phone"; static { uriMatcher.addURI(authority, "person", PERSON); uriMatcher.addURI(authority, "person/#", PERSON_ID); uriMatcher.addURI(authority, "phone", PHONE); uriMatcher.addURI(authority, "phone/#", PHONE_ID); } private DBHelper helper; private SQLiteDatabase db; public CustomContentProvider() { } @Override public boolean onCreate() { helper = new DBHelper(getContext(), "test", null, 1); return true; } @Override public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, // String[] selectionArgs,// String sortOrder) { db = helper.getReadableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = null; switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case PERSON: cursor = db.query(false, TABLE_PERSON, projection, selection,// selectionArgs,// null, null, sortOrder, null, null); break; case PERSON_ID: String person_id = uri.getPathSegments().get(1); // 获取id Log.d(TAG, " query ----> person_id : " + person_id); String selec = "id = ? "; cursor = db.query(false, TABLE_PERSON, projection, selec,// new String[] { person_id },// null, null, sortOrder, null, null); break; case PHONE: cursor = db.query(false, TABLE_PHONE, projection, selection,// selectionArgs,// null, null, sortOrder, null, null); break; case PHONE_ID: String phone_id = uri.getPathSegments().get(1); // 获取id Log.d(TAG, " query ----> phone_id : " + phone_id); String phone_selec = "id = ? "; cursor = db.query(false, TABLE_PERSON, projection, phone_selec,// new String[] { phone_id },// null, null, sortOrder, null, null); break; default: break; } return cursor; } @Override public String getType(Uri uri) { int match = uriMatcher.match(uri); switch (match) { case PERSON: return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.gettempermission.provider.person"; case PERSON_ID: return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.gettempermission.provider.person"; case PHONE: return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.gettempermission.provider.phone"; case PHONE_ID: return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.gettempermission.provider.phone"; default: break; } return null; } @Override public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) { db = helper.getWritableDatabase(); Uri resultUri = null; switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case PERSON: long perId = db.insert(TABLE_PERSON, null, values); String pathUri = sceme + authority + "/" + TABLE_PERSON + "/" + perId; resultUri = Uri.parse(pathUri); break; case PERSON_ID: String person_id = uri.getPathSegments().get(1); // 获取id break; case PHONE: long phoId = db.insert(TABLE_PHONE, null, values); String strUri = sceme + authority + "/" + TABLE_PHONE + "/" + phoId; // ContentUris.appendId(Uri.Builder, phoId); resultUri = Uri.parse(strUri); break; case PHONE_ID: break; default: break; } getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(resultUri, null); return resultUri; } @Override public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { return 0; } @Override public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { return 0; }

}

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4、代码实现contentprovider后需要自manifest中注册contentprovider， a、 配置时需要制定一个android:authorities属性，作为判别contentprovider的id。 同时可以制定访问这个contentprovider的读写权限。 android:readPermission/ android:writePermission b、也可以指定访问每一个具体项时的权限，来作为获取临时权限使用，<path-permission /> 和 <grant-uri-permission /> <provider android:name=".CustomContentProvider" android:authorities="com.example.gettempermission.provider" android:readPermission="com.example.gettempermission.provider.READ_PERMISSON" android:writePermission="com.example.gettempermission.provider.WRITE_PERMISSON" > <path-permission android:path="content://com.example.gettempermission.provider/person/1" android:permission="com.example.gettempermission.provider.PATH_READ_WRITE_PERMISSON" /> <grant-uri-permission android:path="content://com.example.gettempermission.provider/person" /> </provider> 5、外部程序访问。 对于设定了权限的contentprovider，我们访问时需要申请权限，经过实践发现需要这样申请： <uses-permission android:name="com.example.gettempermission.provider.READ_PERMISSON" /> <uses-permission android:name="com.example.gettempermission.provider.WRITE_PERMISSON" /> <permission android:name="com.example.gettempermission.provider.READ_PERMISSON" /> <permission android:name="com.example.gettempermission.provider.WRITE_PERMISSON" /> 即<uses-permission />和 <permission/>要同时使用，否则仍然报需要权限异常。

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原文作者： 横刀_向天

原文地址： http://my.eoe.cn/zhxit/archive/4739.html