我们平时见到的android数据库操作一般都是在程序开始时创建一个空的数据库,然后再进行相关操作。如果我们需要使用一个已有数据的数据库怎么办呢?
我们都知道android系统下数据库应该存放在 /data/data/com.*.*(package name)/ 目录下,所以我们需要做的是把已有的数据库传入那个目录下。操作方法是用FileInputStream读取原数据库,再用FileOutputStream把读取到的东西写入到那个目录。
操作方法:1. 把原数据库包括在项目源码的 res/raw 目录下,然后建立一个DBManager类,代码如下:
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package
com.android.ImportDatabase;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import
java.io.FileOutputStream;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.io.InputStream;
import
android.content.Context;
import
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import
android.os.Environment;
import
android.util.Log;
public
class
DBManager {
private
final
int
BUFFER_SIZE =
400000
;
public
static
final
String DB_NAME =
"countries.db"
;
//保存的数据库文件名
public
static
final
String PACKAGE_NAME =
"com.android.ImportDatabase"
;
public
static
final
String DB_PATH =
"/data"
+ Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath() +
"/"
+ PACKAGE_NAME;
//在手机里存放数据库的位置
private
SQLiteDatabase database;
private
Context context;
DBManager(Context context) {
this
.context = context;
}
public
void
openDatabase() {
this
.database =
this
.openDatabase(DB_PATH +
"/"
+ DB_NAME);
}
private
SQLiteDatabase openDatabase(String dbfile) {
try
{
if
(!(
new
File(dbfile).exists())) {
//判断数据库文件是否存在,若不存在则执行导入,否则直接打开数据库
InputStream is =
this
.context.getResources().openRawResource(
R.raw.countries);
//欲导入的数据库
FileOutputStream fos =
new
FileOutputStream(dbfile);
byte
[] buffer =
new
byte
[BUFFER_SIZE];
int
count =
0
;
while
((count = is.read(buffer)) >
0
) {
fos.write(buffer,
0
, count);
}
fos.close();
is.close();
}
SQLiteDatabase db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(dbfile,
null
);
return
db;
}
catch
(FileNotFoundException e) {
Log.e(
"Database"
,
"File not found"
);
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
Log.e(
"Database"
,
"IO exception"
);
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
null
;
}
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//do something else here<br>
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public
void
closeDatabase() {
this
.database.close();
}
}
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然后在程序的首个Activity中示例化一个DBManager对象,然后对其执行openDatabase方法就可以完成导入了,可以把一些要对数据库进行的操作写在DBManager类里,然后通过DBManager类的对象调用;也可以在完成导入之后通过一个SQliteDatabase类的对象打开数据库,并执行操作。
我的做法是 在程序的首个Activity中导入数据库:
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package
com.android.ImportDatabase;
import
android.app.Activity;
import
android.content.Intent;
import
android.os.Bundle;
public
class
RootView
extends
Activity {
public
DBManager dbHelper;
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@Override
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
dbHelper =
new
DBManager(
this
);
dbHelper.openDatabase();
dbHelper.closeDatabase();
}
}
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此时在DDMS中可以查看到,外部数据库已经成功导入
在需要使用数据库的类里:
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package
com.android.ImportDatabase;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
android.app.Activity;
import
android.database.Cursor;
import
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import
android.os.Bundle;
public
class
TaxiActivity
extends
Activity {
private
SQLiteDatabase database;
ArrayList<CityClass> CITY;
@Override
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
database = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(DBManager.DB_PATH +
"/"
+ DBManager.DB_NAME,
null
);
CITY = getCity();
// do something with CITY
database.close();
}
private
ArrayList<CityClass> getCity() {
Cursor cur = database.rawQuery(
"SELECT city.id_city, city.name FROM taxi, city WHERE city.id_city = taxi.id_city GROUP BY city.id_city"
,
null
);
if
(cur !=
null
) {
int
NUM_CITY = cur.getCount();
ArrayList<CityClass> taxicity =
new
ArrayList<CityClass>(NUM_CITY);
if
(cur.moveToFirst()) {
do
{
String name = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(
"name"
));
int
id = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex(
"id_city"
));
CityClass city =
new
CityClass(
""
,
0
);
System.out.println(name);
//额外添加一句,把select到的信息输出到Logcat
city.city_name = name;
city.city_id = id;
taxicity.add(city);
}
while
(cur.moveToNext());
}
return
taxicity;
}
else
{
return
null
;
}
}
}
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查看输出的结果:
如果导入的数据库大小有问题,或使用InputStream读取出错了,请看此贴 [iPhone/Android] 导入程序的数据库大小与原数据库大小不一致怎么办?