【python】【代码】【__future__的含义】

__future__模块是为了在当前版本python中使用新python3.x特性而加入的语法。

这个模块里包含了（对于当前版本而言）没有加入当前版本python的新特性。

python的新特性会在某一个版本之后被强制地加入发行版本，但是没被强制加入发行版本的特性是新旧兼容的。

from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function

all_feature_names = [
    "nested_scopes",
    "generators",
    "division",
    "absolute_import",
    "with_statement",
    "print_function",
    "unicode_literals",
    "barry_as_FLUFL",
    "generator_stop",
]

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

  __future__.py

"""Record of phased-in incompatible language changes.

Each line is of the form:

    FeatureName = "_Feature(" OptionalRelease "," MandatoryRelease ","
                              CompilerFlag ")"

where, normally, OptionalRelease < MandatoryRelease, and both are 5-tuples
of the same form as sys.version_info:

    (PY_MAJOR_VERSION, # the 2 in 2.1.0a3; an int
     PY_MINOR_VERSION, # the 1; an int
     PY_MICRO_VERSION, # the 0; an int
     PY_RELEASE_LEVEL, # "alpha", "beta", "candidate" or "final"; string
     PY_RELEASE_SERIAL # the 3; an int
    )

OptionalRelease records the first release in which

    from __future__ import FeatureName

was accepted.

In the case of MandatoryReleases that have not yet occurred,
MandatoryRelease predicts the release in which the feature will become part
of the language.

Else MandatoryRelease records when the feature became part of the language;
in releases at or after that, modules no longer need

    from __future__ import FeatureName

to use the feature in question, but may continue to use such imports.

MandatoryRelease may also be None, meaning that a planned feature got
dropped.

Instances of class _Feature have two corresponding methods,
.getOptionalRelease() and .getMandatoryRelease().

CompilerFlag is the (bitfield) flag that should be passed in the fourth
argument to the builtin function compile() to enable the feature in
dynamically compiled code.  This flag is stored in the .compiler_flag
attribute on _Future instances.  These values must match the appropriate
#defines of CO_xxx flags in Include/compile.h.

No feature line is ever to be deleted from this file.
"""

all_feature_names = [
    "nested_scopes",
    "generators",
    "division",
    "absolute_import",
    "with_statement",
    "print_function",
    "unicode_literals",
    "barry_as_FLUFL",
    "generator_stop",
]

__all__ = ["all_feature_names"] + all_feature_names

# The CO_xxx symbols are defined here under the same names used by
# compile.h, so that an editor search will find them here.  However,
# they're not exported in __all__, because they don't really belong to
# this module.
CO_NESTED            = 0x0010   # nested_scopes
CO_GENERATOR_ALLOWED = 0        # generators (obsolete, was 0x1000)
CO_FUTURE_DIVISION   = 0x2000   # division
CO_FUTURE_ABSOLUTE_IMPORT = 0x4000 # perform absolute imports by default
CO_FUTURE_WITH_STATEMENT  = 0x8000   # with statement
CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION  = 0x10000   # print function
CO_FUTURE_UNICODE_LITERALS = 0x20000 # unicode string literals
CO_FUTURE_BARRY_AS_BDFL = 0x40000
CO_FUTURE_GENERATOR_STOP  = 0x80000 # StopIteration becomes RuntimeError in generators

class _Feature:
    def __init__(self, optionalRelease, mandatoryRelease, compiler_flag):
        self.optional = optionalRelease
        self.mandatory = mandatoryRelease
        self.compiler_flag = compiler_flag

    def getOptionalRelease(self):
        """Return first release in which this feature was recognized.

        This is a 5-tuple, of the same form as sys.version_info.
        """

        return self.optional

    def getMandatoryRelease(self):
        """Return release in which this feature will become mandatory.

        This is a 5-tuple, of the same form as sys.version_info, or, if
        the feature was dropped, is None.
        """

        return self.mandatory

    def __repr__(self):
        return "_Feature" + repr((self.optional,
                                  self.mandatory,
                                  self.compiler_flag))

nested_scopes = _Feature((2, 1, 0, "beta",  1),
                         (2, 2, 0, "alpha", 0),
                         CO_NESTED)

generators = _Feature((2, 2, 0, "alpha", 1),
                      (2, 3, 0, "final", 0),
                      CO_GENERATOR_ALLOWED)

division = _Feature((2, 2, 0, "alpha", 2),
                    (3, 0, 0, "alpha", 0),
                    CO_FUTURE_DIVISION)

absolute_import = _Feature((2, 5, 0, "alpha", 1),
                           (3, 0, 0, "alpha", 0),
                           CO_FUTURE_ABSOLUTE_IMPORT)

with_statement = _Feature((2, 5, 0, "alpha", 1),
                          (2, 6, 0, "alpha", 0),
                          CO_FUTURE_WITH_STATEMENT)

print_function = _Feature((2, 6, 0, "alpha", 2),
                          (3, 0, 0, "alpha", 0),
                          CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)

unicode_literals = _Feature((2, 6, 0, "alpha", 2),
                            (3, 0, 0, "alpha", 0),
                            CO_FUTURE_UNICODE_LITERALS)

barry_as_FLUFL = _Feature((3, 1, 0, "alpha", 2),
                         (3, 9, 0, "alpha", 0),
                         CO_FUTURE_BARRY_AS_BDFL)

generator_stop = _Feature((3, 5, 0, "beta", 1),
                         (3, 7, 0, "alpha", 0),
                         CO_FUTURE_GENERATOR_STOP)