Oracle extract函数用法

//oracle中extract()函数从oracle 9i中引入,用于从一个 date 或者interval类型中截取到特定的部分    //语法如下：    EXTRACT (             { YEAR | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND }             | { TIMEZONE_HOUR | TIMEZONE_MINUTE }             | { TIMEZONE_REGION | TIMEZONE_ABBR }    FROM { date_value | interval_value } )    //我们只可以从一个 date 类型中截取 year , month , day ( date 日期的格式为yyyy-mm-dd);    //我们只可以从一个 timestamp with time zone 的数据类型中截取TIMEZONE_HOUR和TIMEZONE_MINUTE;    select extract( year from date '2011-05-17' ) year from dual;           YEAR    ----------           2011    select extract( month from date '2011-05-17' ) month from dual;          MONTH    ----------              5    select extract( day from date '2011-05-17' ) day from dual;            DAY    ----------             17    //获取两个日期之间的具体时间间隔，extract函数是最好的选择    select extract( day from dt2-dt1) day           ,extract( hour from dt2-dt1) hour           ,extract( minute from dt2-dt1) minute           ,extract( second from dt2-dt1) second    from (          select to_timestamp( '2011-02-04 15:07:00' , 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' ) dt1                ,to_timestamp( '2011-05-17 19:08:46' , 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' ) dt2          from dual)    /            DAY       HOUR     MINUTE     SECOND    ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------            102          4          1         46    --    select extract( year from systimestamp) year           ,extract( month from systimestamp) month           ,extract( day from systimestamp) day           ,extract( minute from systimestamp) minute           ,extract( second from systimestamp) second           ,extract(timezone_hour from systimestamp) th           ,extract(timezone_minute from systimestamp) tm           ,extract(timezone_region from systimestamp) tr           ,extract(timezone_abbr from systimestamp) ta    from dual    /          YEAR      MONTH        DAY     MINUTE     SECOND         TH         TM TR         TA    ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------           2011          5         17          7     14.843          8          0 UNKNOWN   UNK    //