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本文比较详细地介绍了Android Make系统,通过手动Makefile编译Android来提高对Android系统的了解,以下是原文:
android make 系统
- arch
- board
- device
- product
Android.mk中的定义变量
- include $(CLEAR_VARS)
它对应的是在./build/core/config.mk中的CLEAR_VARS:=$(BUILD_SYSTEM)/clear_vars.mk
- include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
它对应的是在./build/core/config.mk中的BUILD_PACKAGE:=$(BUILD_SYSTEM)/package.mk
- 其它以此类推
main.mk中的模块
.PHONY:checkbuilt .PHONY:prebuilt .PHONY: files .PHONY: ramdisk .PHONY: systemimage .PHONY: userdataimage .PHONY: bootimage .PHONY: recoveryimage .PHONY: droidcore .PHONY: apps_only .PHONY: sdk .PHONY: clean .PHONY: clobber .PHONY: modules .PHONY: showcommands
makefile的文件结构
LOCAL_PATH:=$(call my-dir) //获取当前目录 #include $(CLEAR_VARS) //make系统为子模块定义了很多的私有变量,这个调用是为了初始化所有的私有变量 ... //里面的内容根据不同的需要会出现不同的LOCAL变量 ... #include $(BUILD_XXX) //执行编译任务
编译apk
LOCAL_SRC_FILES:=$(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME:=packageName include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
编译依赖静态java库的应用程序
LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES:=static-library LOCAL_SRC_FILES:=$(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME:=packageName include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
编译一个需要用平台key签名的应用程序
LOCAL_SRC_FILES:=$(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME:=packageName LOCAL_CERTIFICATE:=platform include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
编译一个需要特定key的应用程序
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := vendor/example/certs/app include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
添加一个预编译应用程序
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(LOCAL_MODULE).apk LOCAL_MODULE := LocalModuleName LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := APPS LOCAL_MODULE_SUFFIX := $(COMMON_ANDROID_PACKAGE_SUFFIX) include $(BUILD_PREBUILT) LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := android.test.runner LOCAL_MODULE := sample include $(BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY)
常用的mk分类
- Android.mk 用来编译模块或者apk的,module对应native code,package对应于java
- AndroidProducts.mk 设置product,设置系统包含了那些应用target_-.mk,host_-.mk,-.mk 针对不同的系统和CPU架框进行设置 +BoardConfig.mk 设置主板用的,比如driver的选择
- ./build/core/Makefile 定义了image是如何生成的
- frameworks/base/core/java 扩展SDK时,可以向里面添加自己的类
make参数
- . build/envsetup.sh 可以设置环境,运行之后会支持mm命令,使make支持只编译一个模块
用户也可以通过mm来编译指定模块,或者通过make clean-module_name来删除指定模块。 - make ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE=
通过CREATE_MODULE_INFO_FILE,build system会将所有的模块信息列在$(PRODUCT_OUT)/module-info.txt中
- make CREATE_MODULE_INFO_FILE=true 产生单个的image文件,用以早期的硬件测试
HOST_BUILD_TYPE 和 TARGET_BUILD_TYPE 用来设置是debug还是release,debug的带有调试信息,这两个参数也可以在 buildspec.mk中进行设置以防止在别处被重复指定
- 其它的一些变量
LOCAL_AAPT_FLAGS LOCAL_ACP_UNAVAILABL LOCAL_ADDITIONAL_JAVA_DIR LOCAL_AIDL_INCLUDES LOCAL_ALLOW_UNDEFINED_SYMBOLS LOCAL_ARM_MODE LOCAL_ASFLAGS LOCAL_ASSET_DIR LOCAL_ASSET_FILES 在与BUILD_PACKAGE一起时有效,表示资源文件 LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE_STEM LOCAL_C_INCLUDES 用来指定外面的头文件路径 LOCAL_CC 可以指定C编译器 LOCAL_JAR_MANIFEST LOCAL_JARJAR_RULES LOCAL_JAR_PATH LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES 可链接动态库 LOCAL_SRC_FILES 编译源文件 LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES 可链接静态库 LOCAL_UNINSTALLABLE_MODULE LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES 禁止在连接时删除库中的无用代码 LOCAL_FORCE_STATIC_EXECUTABLE 如果编译的可执行程序要进行静态链接(执行时不依赖于任何动态库) LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES 编译java应用程序和库的时候指定包含的java类库,目前有core和framework两种 多数情况下定义成:LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := core framework 注意LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES不是必须的,而且编译APK时不允许定义(系统会自动添加)
- envsetup.mk会读取由envsetup.sh写入环境变量中的一些变量来配置 编译过程中的输出目录
- config.mk里面定义了各种module所需要的工具,以及如何来编译各个模块
CLEAR_VARS:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/clear_vars.mk BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/host_static_library.mk BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/host_shared_library.mk BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/static_library.mk BUILD_RAW_STATIC_LIBRARY := $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/raw_static_library.mk BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/shared_library.mk BUILD_EXECUTABLE:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/executable.mk BUILD_RAW_EXECUTABLE:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/raw_executable.mk BUILD_HOST_EXECUTABLE:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/host_executable.mk BUILD_PACKAGE:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/package.mk BUILD_HOST_PREBUILT:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/host_prebuilt.mk BUILD_PREBUILT:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/prebuilt.mk BUILD_MULTI_PREBUILT:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/multi_prebuilt.mk BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/java_library.mk BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/static_java_library.mk BUILD_HOST_JAVA_LIBRARY:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/host_java_library.mk BUILD_DROIDDOC:= $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/droiddoc.mk BUILD_COPY_HEADERS := $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/copy_headers.mk BUILD_KEY_CHAR_MAP := $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/key_char_map.mk 以上的*.mk中都包含了base_rules.mk
- products设置
./build/target/product/AndroidProducts.mk
- module设置
native code和java的一些通用方法都在./build/core/definitions.mk中
BUILD_SHARE_xxx等变量在./build/core/config.mk中
- Board设置
./build/target/board/$(TARGET_DEVICE)/BoardConfig.mk ./vendor/*/$(TARGET_DEVICE)/BoardConfig.mk
- rules相关
与 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS相关的定义
include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY) 编译成静态库 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY) 编译成动态库。 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE) 编译成可执行程序
常用函数
call my-dir call all-subdir-java-files call all-java-files-under call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH) call all-clean-step call import-module,android/native_app_glue call inherit-product,xxx.mk call inherit-product-if-exists call device-test call include-path-for,libpagemap call dist-for-goals,dist_files,$(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE) call _add-charger-image,$(_img) call libfilterfw-all-java-files-under,$(1) call libfilterfw_to_document,$(LOCAL_PATH) call intermediates-dir-for,EXECUTABLES,$(LOCAL_MODULE,true) call all-named-subdir-makefiles,$(legacy_modules) call RM;call MKDIR call emugl-begin-host-shared-library,libEGL_translator call emugl-import,libOpenglOsUtils call emugl-end-module call emugl-export,LDLIBS,-lGL cal emugl-export,LDFLAGS,$(GL_COMMON_LINKER_FLAGS) call emugl-set-shared-library-subpath,hw call emugl-export,C_INCLUDES,$(intermediates) call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH) 这个和下面的区别还不清楚 call all-subdis-makefiles 这个是通常出现在整个makefile的尾部,以实现递归调用子目录中的makefile,使整个make系统成为一个树状结构
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关注微信号:javalearns 随时随地学Java
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随时随地学Java