Configuring the RMAN Environment

Showing and Clearing Persistent RMAN Configurations：//显示,清除rman配置,清除也就是恢复到默认配置
SHOW ALL
SHOW RETENTION POLICY;
SHOW DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION CLEAR;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY CLEAR;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK CLEAR;

Configuring the Default Device for Backups: Disk or SBT：//配置默认备份设备
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO sbt;
BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt DATABASE;
BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK DATABASE;

Configuring the Default Type for Backups: Backup Sets or Copies：//配置默认备份类型
Because RMAN can write an image copy only to disk, the backup type for tape can only be a backup set.
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO COPY; # image copies
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # uncompressed
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt BACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK CLEAR;

Configuring Channels：//配置通道
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk1/ora_df%t_s%s_s%p';
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '+dgroup1';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE SBT PARALLELISM 3;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE SBT BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
也可以在备份的时候配置channel
RMAN> run
2> {
3> allocate channel c1 device type disk;
4> backup tablespace users;
5> release channel c1;
6> }     

Configuring Control File and Server Parameter File Autobackups：//配置控制文件自动备份
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oradata/cf_%F';
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '+dgroup1/%F';
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK CLEAR;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE sbt CLEAR;
也可以在备份的时候设置：
方式1：SET CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'controlfile_%F';
             BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;

方式2：RUN

{
  SET CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/tmp/%F.bck';
  BACKUP AS BACKUPSET
    DEVICE TYPE DISK
    DATABASE;
}

Configuring the Backup Retention Policy：//配置备份冗余策略
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 3;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO NONE;

Backup Optimization and the CONFIGURE command：//配置备份优化配置
RMAN uses backup optimization when the following conditions are true:
1：The CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON command has been run to enable backup optimization.
2：You run BACKUP DATABASE, BACKUP ARCHIVELOG with ALL or LIKE options, or BACKUP BACKUPSET ALL, BACKUP RECOVERY AREA, BACKUP RECOVERY FILES, or BACKUP DATAFILECOPY.
3：Only one type of channel is allocated, do not mix disk and SBT channels in the same backup command.
You can override optimization at any time by specifying the FORCE option on the BACKUP command. For example, you can run
BACKUP DATABASE FORCE;
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORCE;

Configuring the Maximum Size of Backup Sets：
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO 7500K;
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE CLEAR；
BACKUP TABLESPACE tools MAXSETSIZE 5G;

Configuring the Maximum Size of Backup Pieces：
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 2G;
allocate channel c1 device type disk maxpiecesize 100m;
backup database filesperset 1 format '/orabak/%U.dd'; //每个备份集包含几个文件

Configuring Tablespaces for Exclusion from Whole Database Backups：
CONFIGURE EXCLUDE FOR TABLESPACE users;
CONFIGURE EXCLUDE FOR TABLESPACE users CLEAR;
backup database noexclude;

RMAN> configure exclude for tablespace system;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of configure command at 10/25/2013 16:43:14
RMAN-06547: SYSTEM tablespace cannot be excluded from whole database backup