http://dubbo.io/Home-zh.htm
概述
(+) (#)
Dubbo是阿里巴巴SOA服务化治理方案的核心框架,每天为2,000+个服务提供3,000,000,000+次访问量支持,并被广泛应用于阿里巴巴集团的各成员站点:
自开源后,已有不少非阿里系公司在使用Dubbo,参见:已知用户
那么,Dubbo是什么?
Dubbo[
]是一个分布式服务框架,致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案,以及SOA服务治理方案。
其核心部分包含:
- 远程通讯: 提供对多种基于长连接的NIO框架抽象封装,包括多种线程模型,序列化,以及“请求-响应”模式的信息交换方式。
- 集群容错: 提供基于接口方法的透明远程过程调用,包括多协议支持,以及软负载均衡,失败容错,地址路由,动态配置等集群支持。
- 自动发现: 基于注册中心目录服务,使服务消费方能动态的查找服务提供方,使地址透明,使服务提供方可以平滑增加或减少机器。
Dubbo能做什么?
- 透明化的远程方法调用,就像调用本地方法一样调用远程方法,只需简单配置,没有任何API侵入。
- 软负载均衡及容错机制,可在内网替代F5等硬件负载均衡器,降低成本,减少单点。
- 服务自动注册与发现,不再需要写死服务提供方地址,注册中心基于接口名查询服务提供者的IP地址,并且能够平滑添加或删除服务提供者。
快速启动
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![](http://dubbo.io/check.gif) | Dubbo采用全Spring配置方式,透明化接入应用,对应用没有任何API侵入,只需用Spring加载Dubbo的配置即可,Dubbo基于Spring的Schema扩展进行加载。 |
![](http://dubbo.io/check.gif) | 如果不想使用Spring配置,而希望通过API的方式进行调用(不推荐),请参见:API配置 (+) |
服务提供者
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定义服务接口: (该接口需单独打包,在服务提供方和消费方共享)
package
com.alibaba.dubbo.demo;
public
interface
DemoService {
String sayHello(String name);
}
|
在服务提供方实现接口:(对服务消费方隐藏实现)
package
com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider;
import
com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
public
class
DemoServiceImpl
implements
DemoService {
public
String sayHello(String name) {
return
"Hello "
+ name;
}
}
|
用Spring配置声明暴露服务:
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
beans
xmlns
=
"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
=
"<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo
=
"<a href="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo <a href="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"
>
<
dubbo:application
name
=
"hello-world-app"
/>
<
dubbo:registry
address
=
"multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"
/>
<
dubbo:protocol
name
=
"dubbo"
port
=
"20880"
/>
<
dubbo:service
interface
=
"com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService"
ref
=
"demoService"
/>
<
bean
id
=
"demoService"
class
=
"com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.DemoServiceImpl"
/>
</
beans
>
|
加载Spring配置:
import
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public
class
Provider {
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
throws
Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
new
String[] {
"<a href="http://dubbo.io/provider.xml" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://dubbo.io/provider.xml"
});
context.start();
System.in.read();
}
}
|
服务消费者
(#)
通过Spring配置引用远程服务:
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
beans
xmlns
=
"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
=
"<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo
=
"<a href="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo <a href="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"
>
<
dubbo:application
name
=
"consumer-of-helloworld-app"
/>
<
dubbo:registry
address
=
"multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"
/>
<
dubbo:reference
id
=
"demoService"
interface
=
"com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService"
/>
</
beans
>
|
加载Spring配置,并调用远程服务:(也可以使用IoC注入)
import
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import
com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
public
class
Consumer {
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
throws
Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
new
String[] {
"<a href="http://dubbo.io/consumer.xml" "="" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-size: 1em !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 51, 102) !important; background: none !important;">http://dubbo.io/consumer.xml"
});
context.start();
DemoService demoService = (DemoService)context.getBean(
"demoService"
);
String hello = demoService.sayHello(
"world"
);
System.out.println( hello );
}
}
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