02 第一个dubbo程序


通过本示例程序来熟悉Dubbo框架。应用程序可以通过spring XML、spring 注解和java API这3种方式来编写
另外:

  1. spring,zookeepermaven等知识已经了解
  2. zookeeper作为注册中心,需要安装zookeeper,如何安装自行百度

1 抽取一个API模块

该模块主要是定义dubbo的接口,接口的实现将交给服务提供者实现

  1. 定义一个接口EchoService
public interface EchoService {

    String echo(String message);
}

2 spring xml版

2.1 服务提供者

  1. maven依赖
<dependencies>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
         <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
         <version>2.6.3</version>
     </dependency>
       <!--zk的客户端-->
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
         <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
         <version>2.12.0</version>
         <exclusions>
                <!--使用dubbo依赖的netty-->
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
                    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
         <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
         <version>1.2.3</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
         <version>1.18.16</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
          <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
          <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.46</version>
      </dependency>
 </dependencies>
  1. 实现EchoService接口
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.xml.service;

import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;

public class EchoServiceImpl implements EchoService {
    public String echo(String message) {
        // 原样返回
        return message;
    }
}
  1. spring 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 服务提供方应用名称, 方便用于依赖跟踪 -->
    <dubbo:application name="quick-start-provider-xml"/>

    <!--  设置注册中心地址  -->

    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>


    <!--指定dubbo协议, 并监听20880端口-->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>

    <!--通过XML方式把实现配置为Bean,让Spring托管和实例化-->
    <bean name="echoService" class="study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.xml.service.EchoServiceImpl"></bean>

    <!--声明要暴露的接口-->
    <dubbo:service interface="study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService" ref="echoService"/>

</beans>
  1. 主方法
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.xml;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/applicationcontext.xml");
        context.start();
        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            context.close();
        }
    }
}
  1. 启动服务提供者,使用telnet 测试
    • 连接20880端口:telnet localhost 20880
    • invoke指令会发起Dubbo服务调用,该指令采用[接口 .方法]格式调用,采用JSON 格式传递参数
    invoke study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService.echo("hello dubbo")
    
    在这里插入图片描述

2.2 服务消费者

  1. 依赖
<dependencies>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>study.wyy</groupId>
         <artifactId>dubbo-simple-quickstart-api</artifactId>
         <version>${project.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
         <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
         <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
         <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
         <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
         <exclusions>
             <!--使用dubbo依赖的netty-->
             <exclusion>
                 <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
                 <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
             </exclusion>
         </exclusions>
     </dependency>
 </dependencies>
  1. spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 服务消费者应用名称, 方便用于依赖跟踪 -->
    <dubbo:application name="quick-start-consumer-xml"/>

    <!--  设置注册中心地址  -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>

    <!--指定dubbo协议, 并监听20880端口-->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>

   <dubbo:reference id="echoService"
                    interface="study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService"
                    check="false"
   />

</beans>
  1. 测试
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumerxml;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;
@Slf4j
public class ConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 构建 spring上下文
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/applicationcontext.xml");
        EchoService echoService = context.getBean(EchoService.class);
        // 调用 echoService接口
        String res = echoService.echo("Hello Dubbo");
        log.info("echoService invoke result is {}",res);
    }
}
  1. 控制台日志输出:
16:08:24.912 [main] INFO study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumerxml.ConsumerApplication - echoService invoke result is Hello Dubbo

3 spring 注解版

3.1 服务提供者

  1. 依赖和xml开发没有区别
  2. 实现接口
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.annotation.service;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;

// 注意:这个注解是dubbo提供的,不是spring的Service注解
@Service
public class EchoServiceImpl implements EchoService {
    public String echo(String message) {
        // 原样返回
        return message;
    }

}

使用Service注解后,由Dubbo服务将这个实现类提升为Spring容器的Bean,并且负责 配置初始化和服务暴露

  1. 基于注解来生成Dubbo的配置信息
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.annotation.config;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ProtocolConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ProviderConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author wyaoyao
 * @description
 * @date 2021/1/29 16:18
 */
@Configuration
// 启用dubbo,配置dubbo的扫描包
@EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = "study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.annotation.service")
public class DubboConfig {

    @Bean
    public ProviderConfig providerConfig(){
        ProviderConfig providerConfig = new ProviderConfig();
        return providerConfig;
    }

    @Bean
    public ApplicationConfig applicationConfig(){
        ApplicationConfig applicationConfig = new ApplicationConfig();
        // 设置服务名字,对应xml的 <dubbo:application name="quick-start-provider-annotation"/>
        applicationConfig.setName("quick-start-provider-annotation");
        return applicationConfig;
    }

    @Bean
    public RegistryConfig registryConfig(){
        RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig();
        // 配置注册中心的地址, 对应xml : <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
        registryConfig.setAddress("localhost");
        registryConfig.setProtocol("zookeeper");
        registryConfig.setPort(2181);
        return registryConfig;
    }
    @Bean
    public ProtocolConfig protocolConfig(){
        ProtocolConfig protocolConfig = new ProtocolConfig();
        // 对应xml :<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
        protocolConfig.setPort(20880);
        protocolConfig.setName("dubbo");
        return protocolConfig;
    }
}

  1. 启动类
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.annotation.config.DubboConfig;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(DubboConfig.class);
        context.start();

        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            context.close();
        }
    }
}

3.2 服务消费者

  1. 依赖和xml没有区别
  2. 通过注解消费服务时,只需要Reference注解标注,该注解适用于对象字段和方法中。因 此需要做一下特殊的包装。接下来,我们在EchoConsumer类中定义echoService字段,该字段 用^Reference注解标注
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.service;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class EchoConsumer {

    @Reference
    EchoService echoService;

    public void invokeEcho(){
        String res = echoService.echo("hello dubbo");
        log.info("echoService invoke result is {}",res);
    }
}

  1. 消费者配置
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.config;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ProtocolConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
// 配置dubbo的扫描包,扫描Reference注解
@EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = "study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.service")
// 这个是为了将EchoConsumer 注入到容器中
@ComponentScan("study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.service")
public class DubboConsumerConfig {

    @Bean
    public ApplicationConfig applicationConfig(){
        ApplicationConfig applicationConfig = new ApplicationConfig();
        // 设置服务名字,对应xml的 <dubbo:application name="quick-start-provider-annotation"/>
        applicationConfig.setName("quick-start-consumer-annotation");
        return applicationConfig;
    }

    @Bean
    public RegistryConfig registryConfig(){
        RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig();
        // 配置注册中心的地址, 对应xml : <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
        registryConfig.setAddress("localhost");
        registryConfig.setProtocol("zookeeper");
        registryConfig.setPort(2181);
        return registryConfig;
    }

    @Bean
    public ProtocolConfig protocolConfig(){
        ProtocolConfig protocolConfig = new ProtocolConfig();
        // 对应xml :<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
        protocolConfig.setPort(20880);
        protocolConfig.setName("dubbo");
        return protocolConfig;
    }
}

  1. 启动类
package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.config.DubboConsumerConfig;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.annotation.service.EchoConsumer;

@Slf4j
public class ConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 构建 spring上下文
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext (DubboConsumerConfig.class);
        EchoConsumer echoConsumer = context.getBean(EchoConsumer.class);
        // 调用 echoService接口
        echoConsumer.invokeEcho();
    }
}
  1. 运行并观察日志输出

4 基于API实现

Dubbo框架大部分场景都会在Spring中使用,但是不局限于这种场景。除了基于XML和 注解的方式,Dubbo框架还支持API的方式。虽然大部分场景不会直接使用API的方式暴露和 消费服务,但是在某些场景下API非常有用。比如开发网关类的应用,需要动态消费不同版本 的服务,通过API方式,可以根据前端请求参数动态构造不同版本的服务实例等。

4.1 基于API编写Echo服务器

基于配置方式启动Dubbo,框架内部必须做很多转换,比如把标签<dubbo:protocol .. ./> 转换成等价的配置对象,但这些转换对业务方都是透明的,不管是XML配置还是注解方式, 最终都会转换成Java API对应的配置对象(ServiceConfig)

package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.java;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.provider.java.service.EchoServiceImpl;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 将EchoService 暴露
        registryDubbo();
        System.out.println("java-echo-provider is running.");
        System.in.read();
    }

    private static void registryDubbo() {
        ServiceConfig<EchoService> service = new ServiceConfig<>();
        service.setApplication(new ApplicationConfig("java-echo-provider"));
        // 设置注册中心地址
        service.setRegistry(new RegistryConfig("zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"));
        service.setInterface(EchoService.class);
        service.setRef(new EchoServiceImpl());
        service.export();
    }
}

4.2 基于API编写Echo客户端

采用Java API是最灵活的方式,可以与第三方框架集成,特别适合动态消费场景。在Dubbo 框架中典型的使用场景就是泛化调用,可以指定一个本地不存在的接口发起RPC调用。通过 API的方式是最简洁的

package study.wyy.dubbo.quick.consumer.java;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ReferenceConfig;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import study.wyy.dubbo.quick.api.service.EchoService;

/**
 * @author wyaoyao
 * @description
 * @date 2021/1/29 17:24
 */
@Slf4j
public class EchoConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ReferenceConfig<EchoService> referenceConfig = new ReferenceConfig();
        referenceConfig.setApplication(new ApplicationConfig("java-echo-consumer"));
        // 配置注册中心
        RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig();
        registryConfig.setPort(2181);
        registryConfig.setProtocol("zookeeper");
        registryConfig.setAddress("localhost");
        referenceConfig.setRegistry(registryConfig);
        referenceConfig.setInterface(EchoService.class);
        EchoService echoService = referenceConfig.get();
        String res = echoService.echo("hello dubbo");
        log.info("echoService invoke result is {}",res);

    }
}

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值