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Exists/In/Any/All/Contains操作符
适用场景:用于判断集合中元素 ,进一步缩小范围。
Any
说明:用于判断集合中是否有元素满足 某一条件;不延迟。(若条件为空,则集合只要不为空就返回True,否则为 False)。有2种形式,分别为简单形式和带条件形式。
1.简单形式:
仅返回没有订单的客户:
- var q =
- from c in db.Customers
- where !c.Orders.Any()
- select c;
生成SQL语句为:
- SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName],
- [t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region],
- [t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax]
- FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]
- WHERE NOT (EXISTS(
- SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Orders] AS [t1]
- WHERE [t1].[CustomerID] = [t0]. [CustomerID]
- ))
2.带条件形式:
仅返回至少有 一种产品断货的类别:
- var q =
- from c in db.Categories
- where c.Products.Any(p => p.Discontinued)
- select c;
生成SQL语句为:
- SELECT [t0]. [CategoryID], [t0].[CategoryName], [t0].[Description],
- [t0]. [Picture] FROM [dbo].[Categories] AS [t0]
- WHERE EXISTS(
- SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t1]
- WHERE ([t1].[Discontinued] = 1) AND
- ([t1].[CategoryID] = [t0]. [CategoryID])
- )
- All
说明:用于判断集合中所有元素是 否都满足某一条件;不延迟1.带条件形式
- var q =
- from c in db.Customers
- where c.Orders.All(o => o.ShipCity == c.City)
- select c;
语句描述:这个例子返回所有订单 都运往其所在城市的客户或未下订单的客户。
Contains
说明:用 于判断集合中是否包含有某一元素;不延迟。它是对两个序列进行连接操作的。
- string[] customerID_Set =
- new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" };
- var q = (
- from o in db.Orders
- where customerID_Set.Contains(o.CustomerID)
- select o).ToList ();
语句描述:查找"AROUT", "BOLID" 和 "FISSA" 这三个客户的订单。先定义了一个数组,在LINQ to SQL中 使用Contains,数组中包含了所有的CustomerID,即返回结果中,所有的 CustomerID都在这个集合内。也就是in。 你也可以把数组的定义放在LINQ to SQL语句里。比如:
- var q = (
- from o in db.Orders
- where (
- new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })
- .Contains (o.CustomerID)
- select o).ToList();
- Not Contains则取反:
- var q = (
- from o in db.Orders
- where !(
- new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })
- .Contains(o.CustomerID)
- select o).ToList();
1.包含一个对象:
- var order = (from o in db.Orders
- where o.OrderID == 10248
- select o).First();
- var q = db.Customers.Where(p => p.Orders.Contains(order)).ToList();
- foreach (var cust in q)
- {
- foreach (var ord in cust.Orders)
- {
- //do something
- }
- }
语句描述:这个例子 使用Contain查找哪个客户包含OrderID为10248的订单。
2.包含多个值:
- string[] cities =
- new string[] { "Seattle", "London", "Vancouver", "Paris" };
- var q = db.Customers.Where (p=>cities.Contains(p.City)).ToList();
语句描述:这个 例子使用Contains查找其所在城市为西雅图、伦敦、巴黎或温哥华的客户。