- Oracle 中的树查询和 connect by
使用 connect by 和 start with 来建立类似于树的报表并不难,只要遵循以下基本原则即可:
使用 connect by 时各子句的顺序应为:
select
from
where
start with
connect by
order by - prior 使报表的顺序为从根到叶(如果 prior 列是父辈)或从叶到根(如果 prior 列是后代)。
- where 子句可以从树中排除个体,但不排除它们的子孙(或者祖先,如果 prior 列是后代)。
- connect by 中的条件(尤其是不等于)消除个体和它所有的子孙(或祖先,依赖于怎样跟踪树)。
- connect by 不能与 where 子句中的表连接在一起使用。
下面是几个例子
1. 从根到叶遍历
SELECT n_parendid, n_name, (LEVEL - 1), n_id
FROM navigation
WHERE n_parendid IS NOT NULL
START WITH n_id = 0
CONNECT BY n_parendid = PRIOR n_id;
2. 从叶到根遍历
SELECT n_parendid, n_name, (LEVEL - 1), n_id
FROM navigation
WHERE n_parendid IS NOT NULL
START WITH n_id = 300
CONNECT BY n_id = PRIOR n_parendid;
3. 排除个体,但不排除它们的子孙
SELECT n_parendid, n_name, (LEVEL - 1), n_id
FROM navigation
WHERE n_parendid IS NOT NULL AND n_id != 2
START WITH n_id = 0
CONNECT BY n_parendid = PRIOR n_id;
4. 消除个体和它所有的子孙
SELECT n_parendid, n_name, (LEVEL - 1), n_id
FROM navigation
WHERE n_parendid IS NOT NULL
START WITH n_id = 0
CONNECT BY n_parendid = PRIOR n_id AND n_id != 2;
5. 改变显示顺序
SELECT n_parendid, n_name, (LEVEL - 1), n_id
FROM navigation
WHERE n_parendid IS NOT NULL
START WITH n_id = 0
CONNECT BY n_parendid = PRIOR n_id
ORDER BY n_viewnum DESC;