centos7中mysql（mariadb）安装和启动

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-30 16:50:17 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-30 16:50:17 发布

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安装启动mysql-->设置mysql密码-->修改mysql账户可以对外访问-->关闭服务器防火墙

五、关闭防火墙，使外网可以访问mysql

1、关闭本地的firewall，使3306端口可以被访问

可以看出防火墙已经启用，我们先关闭防火墙，然后再尝试连接。

2、关闭服务器firewall：（我就是挂在这一步，倒腾了很久！）

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall

systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动

可参考http://www.jb51.net/os/188488.html。

四、修改mysql账户可以对外访问

mysql账户是否不允许远程连接。如果无法连接可以尝试以下方法：

 
 mysql -u root -p    //登录MySQL  
 
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION;     //任何远程主机都可以访问数据库  
 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;    //需要输入次命令使修改生效  
 
mysql> EXIT    //退出

也可以通过修改表来实现远程：

 
 mysql -u root -p  
 
mysql> use mysql;  
 
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';  
 
mysql> select host, user from user;

一、安装启动mysql

按照其他方法安装，各种有问题，后来搜索到一个方法（http://www.centoscn.com/image-text/install/2014/0909/3704.html）安装好了：

1.yum -y install mariadb*
2.systemctl start mariadb.service
3.systemctl enable mariadb.service
4.mysql

5.systemctl enable mariadb.service
6.mysql
7.mysql_secure_installation
8.mysql -uroot -p

mysql:[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.linode.com
* extras: mirrors.linode.com
* updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64
---> Package mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================
Installing:
mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 8.9 M
mariadb-bench x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 385 k
mariadb-devel x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 744 k
mariadb-embedded x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 3.6 M
mariadb-embedded-devel x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 7.4 M
mariadb-libs x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 752 k
mariadb-server x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 11 M
mariadb-test x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 updates 7.9 M
Installing for dependencies:
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.023-5.el7 base 140 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================
Install 8 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 40 M
Installed size: 279 M
Downloading packages:
(1/9): mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 385 kB 00:00:00
(2/9): mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 744 kB 00:00:00
(3/9): mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 3.6 MB 00:00:00
(4/9): mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 8.9 MB 00:00:00
(5/9): mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 752 kB 00:00:00
(6/9): mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 11 MB 00:00:00
(7/9): mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 7.4 MB 00:00:00
(8/9): mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm | 7.9 MB 00:00:00
(9/9): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 140 kB 00:00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 36 MB/s | 40 MB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 1/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 2/9
Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 3/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 4/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 5/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 6/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 7/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 8/9
Installing : 1:mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 9/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 1/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 2/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 3/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 4/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 5/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 6/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 7/9
Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 8/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64 9/9
Installed:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
Dependency Installed:
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.servi
ce'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> logout
-> exit
->
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaD
B server version for the right syntax to use near 'logout
exit' at line 1
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use test
Database changed
MariaDB [test]> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [test]> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 15
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| zbphp.com |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>