系统使用详解之拍照

在Android中调用摄像头进行拍照有两种方式，一种是使用系统的拍照Activity，另一种是使用Camera对象自己实现拍照功能

一、调用系统拍照Activity

public class Main extends Activity implements OnClickListener
{
	public ImageView imageView;
	private ImageView ivFocus;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		Button btnTakePicture = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnTakePicture);
		btnTakePicture.setOnClickListener(this);
		imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
		ivFocus = new ImageView(this);
	}

	@Override
	protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
	{
		if (requestCode == 1)
		{
			if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
			{
				Bitmap cameraBitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data");
				imageView.setImageBitmap(cameraBitmap);				
				//  存成320*240和50*50  如果是垂直方向，需要对cameraBitmap旋转90度
				MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(), cameraBitmap, null, null);

			}
 
		}
		super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View view)
	{

		Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
		//Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE);
		intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(new File("/sdcard/test.jpg")));
		ListView a;
		
		startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
		
	}

}

二、使用Camera对象

public class CameraPreview extends Activity
{

	private Preview preview;
	private ImageView ivFocus;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
		preview = new Preview(this);
		setContentView(preview);

		ivFocus = new ImageView(this);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
	{
		if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)
			preview.takePicture();
		return super.onTouchEvent(event);
	}

	class Preview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback
	{
		private SurfaceHolder holder;
		private Camera camera;
		// 创建一个PictureCallback对象，并实现其中的onPictureTaken方法
		private PictureCallback pictureCallback = new PictureCallback()
		{
			// 该方法用于处理拍摄后的照片数据
			public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera)
			{
				
				// data参数值就是照片数据，将这些数据以key-value形式保存，以便其他调用该Activity的程序可
				// 以获得照片数据
				getIntent().putExtra("bytes", data);
				setResult(20, getIntent());
				// 停止照片拍摄
				camera.stopPreview();
				camera = null;
				// 关闭当前的Activity
				finish();
			}
		};

		// Preview类的构造方法
		public Preview(Context context)
		{
			super(context);
			// 获得SurfaceHolder对象
			holder = getHolder();
			// 指定用于捕捉拍照事件的SurfaceHolder.Callback对象
			holder.addCallback(this);
			// 设置SurfaceHolder对象的类型
			holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	
		}

		// 开厹拍照时调用该方法
		public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder)
		{
			// 获得Camera对象
			camera = Camera.open();
			try
			{
				
				// 设置用于显示拍照摄像的SurfaceHolder对象
				camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
			}
			catch (IOException exception)
			{
				// 释放手机摄像头
				camera.release();
				camera = null;
			}
		}

		// 停止拍照时调用该方法
		public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder)
		{
			// 释放手机摄像头
			camera.release();
		}

		// 拍照状态变化时调用该方法
		public void surfaceChanged(final SurfaceHolder holder, int format,
				int w, int h)
		{
			try
			{
				Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
				// 设置照片格式
				parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);
	
			
				// 根据屏幕方向设置预浏尺寸
				if (getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getOrientation() == 0)
					parameters.setPreviewSize(h, w);
				else
					parameters.setPreviewSize(w, h);
				// 设置拍摄照片的实际分辨率，在本例中的分辨率是1024*768
				parameters.setPictureSize(1024, 768);
				// 设置保存的图像大小
				camera.setParameters(parameters);
				// 开始拍照
				camera.startPreview();
				// 准备用于表示对焦状态的图像（类似对焦符号）
				ivFocus.setImageResource(R.drawable.focus1);
				LayoutParams layoutParams = new LayoutParams(
						LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
				ivFocus.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER);
				addContentView(ivFocus, layoutParams);
				ivFocus.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
				// 自动对焦
				camera.autoFocus(new AutoFocusCallback()
				{
					public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera)
					{
						if (success)
						{
							// success为true表示对焦成功，改变对焦状态图像（一个绿色的png图像）
							ivFocus.setImageResource(R.drawable.focus2);
						}
					}
				});
			}
			catch (Exception e)
			{
			}
		}

		// 停止拍照，并将拍摄的照片传入PictureCallback接口的onPictureTaken方法
		public void takePicture()
		{
			if (camera != null)
			{
				
				camera.takePicture(null, null, pictureCallback);
			}
		}
	}

}

public class Main extends Activity implements OnClickListener
{
	public ImageView imageView;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		Button btnTakePicture = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnTakePicture);
		btnTakePicture.setOnClickListener(this);
		imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
	}

	@Override
	protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
	{
		if (requestCode == 1)
		{
			if (resultCode == 20)
			{
				Bitmap cameraBitmap;
				byte[] bytes = data.getExtras().getByteArray("bytes");
				cameraBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0,
						bytes.length);
				if (getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getOrientation() == 0)
				{
					Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
					matrix.setRotate(90);
					cameraBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(cameraBitmap, 0, 0,
							cameraBitmap.getWidth(), cameraBitmap.getHeight(),
							matrix, true);
				}
				File myCaptureFile = new File("/sdcard/camera.jpg");
				try
				{
					BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(
							new FileOutputStream(myCaptureFile));

					cameraBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);
					bos.flush();
					bos.close();

					imageView.setImageBitmap(cameraBitmap);

				}
				catch (Exception e)
				{
				}
			}

		}
		super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
	}

	public void onClick(View view)
	{
		Intent intent = new Intent(this, CameraPreview.class);
		startActivityForResult(intent, 1);

	}

}

最后，需要在mainfirst中添加使用camera的权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />