【OpenStack】Nova中的migrate/resize/live-migration

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2013.07.04  增加在线迁移虚拟机Postman请求样例

版本：master分支 2013.06.25

hypervisor：KVM
共享存储：无

1、migrate/resize

在虚拟机active和stopped状态下可以进行migrate/resize，resize与migrate的区别是在迁移的同时，改变虚拟机的flavor。
配置项 allow_resize_to_same_host 表示是否允许迁移到本机，默认是False。

迁移前：

1. root@controller231:~# nova show rebuild-test2  
2. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  
3. | Property                            | Value                                                             |  
4. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  
5. | status                              | ACTIVE                                                     |  
6. | updated                             | 2013-06-24T09:23:53Z                                              |  
7. | OS-EXT-STS:task_state               | None                                                              |  
8. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host                | controller231                                                     |  
9. | key_name                            | mykey                                                             |  
10. | image                               | Ubuntu 12.04 cloudimg i386 (1f7f5763-33a1-4282-92b3-53366bf7c695) |  
11. | hostId                              | 083729f2f8f664fffd4cffb8c3e76615d7abc1e11efc993528dd88b9          |  
12. | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                 | resized                                                           |  
13. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name       | instance-0000000e                                                 |  
14. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | controller231.openstack.org                                       |  
15. | flavor                              | m1.small (2)                                                      |  
16. | id                                  | 03774415-d9ce-4b34-b012-6891d248b767                              |  
17. | security_groups                     | [{u'name': u'default'}]                                           |  
18. | user_id                             | f882feb345064e7d9392440a0f397c25                                  |  
19. | name                                | rebuild-test2                                                     |  
20. | created                             | 2013-06-24T08:14:38Z                                              |  
21. | tenant_id                           | 6fbe9263116a4b68818cf1edce16bc4f                                  |  
22. | OS-DCF:diskConfig                   | MANUAL                                                            |  
23. | metadata                            | {}                                                                |  
24. | accessIPv4                          |                                                                   |  
25. | accessIPv6                          |                                                                   |  
26. | testnet01 network                   | 10.1.1.20, 192.150.73.3                                           |  
27. | progress                            | 0                                                                 |  
28. | OS-EXT-STS:power_state              | 1                                                                 |  
29. | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone         | nova                                                              |  
30. | config_drive                        |                                                                   |  
31. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  

迁移：

1. root@controller231:/etc/init.d# nova migrate rebuild-test2  

迁移后：

1. root@controller231:/etc/init.d# nova show rebuild-test2  
2. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  
3. | Property                            | Value                                                             |  
4. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  
5. | status                              | VERIFY_RESIZE                                                     |  
6. | updated                             | 2013-06-25T03:34:43Z                                              |  
7. | OS-EXT-STS:task_state               | None                                                              |  
8. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host                | compute233                                                        |  
9. | key_name                            | mykey                                                             |  
10. | image                               | Ubuntu 12.04 cloudimg i386 (1f7f5763-33a1-4282-92b3-53366bf7c695) |  
11. | hostId                              | cb0c6e82948e76d2bc0c0a6bb906cdd2d2bcc6e99f0741e2ae05b7cc          |  
12. | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                 | resized                                                           |  
13. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name       | instance-0000000e                                                 |  
14. | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | compute233.openstack.org                                          |  
15. | flavor                              | m1.small (2)                                                      |  
16. | id                                  | 03774415-d9ce-4b34-b012-6891d248b767                              |  
17. | security_groups                     | [{u'name': u'default'}]                                           |  
18. | user_id                             | f882feb345064e7d9392440a0f397c25                                  |  
19. | name                                | rebuild-test2                                                     |  
20. | created                             | 2013-06-24T08:14:38Z                                              |  
21. | tenant_id                           | 6fbe9263116a4b68818cf1edce16bc4f                                  |  
22. | OS-DCF:diskConfig                   | MANUAL                                                            |  
23. | metadata                            | {}                                                                |  
24. | accessIPv4                          |                                                                   |  
25. | accessIPv6                          |                                                                   |  
26. | testnet01 network                   | 10.1.1.20, 192.150.73.3                                           |  
27. | progress                            | 0                                                                 |  
28. | OS-EXT-STS:power_state              | 1                                                                 |  
29. | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone         | nova                                                              |  
30. | config_drive                        |                                                                   |  
31. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+  

迁移之后，会在数据库中新增migration表记录，同时会增加instance_system_metadata表记录，记录老的flavor和新的flavor，如果是resize，也会更新instances表中虚拟机的flavor信息。

对于resize，还有两个相关操作：confirm_resize和revert_resize，两个操作都是在虚拟机状态为resized下的操作。前者是resize的确认，后者是回退。也就是说，在做完migrate/resize操作后，给用户提供了后悔的机会，比如用户可能对新规格的虚拟机性能不满意，不愿意花冤枉钱，于是可以调用revert_resize，是虚拟机回退到之前的状态（包括虚拟机所在的主机和虚拟机的规格）。还需要注意，会有这样的情况，用户做完了resize/migrate，然后没有确认也没有回退（因为可能resize操作并不收费，所以用户想着能体验多长时间就用多长时间）。此时，OpenStack提供了循环任务的机制处理这种情况，当系统中配置项 resize_confirm_window 大于0时，计算节点会自动将在本机中状态为resized，时间超过resize_confirm_window的虚拟机进行确认。

在做migrate/resize前还应注意，计算节点间是需要配置nova用户无密码访问的；同时，migrate/resize操作支持共享存储。

2、os-migrateLive

migrate操作会先将虚拟机停掉，也就是所谓的“冷迁移”，而os-migrateLive是“热迁移”，虚拟机不会停机。
live-migration是在虚拟机active状态下的操作，且不允许热迁移到本机。

live-migration允许用户指定block_migration参数，表示是否进行块迁移。有几种情况：
1、block_migration=True，但系统使用了共享存储，抛异常；
2、block_migration=False，但系统没有使用共享存储且虚拟机没有使用后端系统卷，抛异常；

注意事项：
1、需要配置计算节点的/etc/hosts文件，使相互之间能够用主机名访问。
2、如果在virt driver层失败，虚拟机状态会重置为active，所以当调用live-migration后，但查询虚拟机发现没有发生迁移，且状态仍是active，则很有可能是在计算节点出现异常。

迁移流程手绘图：

我的环境中，ssh登录虚拟机，在虚拟机内不停的发送ping请求，在线迁移过程中，会有10s左右的停顿现象，然后恢复正常，与虚拟机的ssh连接没有中断。迁移虚拟机：