ThreadPoolExecutor机制 及使用探讨

ThreadPoolExecutor机制
一、概述
1、ThreadPoolExecutor作为java.util.concurrent包对外提供基础实现，以内部线程池的形式对外提供管理任务执行，线程调度，线程池管理等等服务；
2、Executors方法提供的线程服务，都是通过参数设置来实现不同的线程池机制。
3、先来了解其线程池管理的机制，有助于正确使用，避免错误使用导致严重故障。同时可以根据自己的需求实现自己的线程池

二、核心构造方法讲解
下面是ThreadPoolExecutor最核心的构造方法

Java代码  

1. public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,  
2.                               int maximumPoolSize,  
3.                               long keepAliveTime,  
4.                               TimeUnit unit,  
5.                               BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,  
6.                               ThreadFactory threadFactory,  
7.                               RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {  
8.         if (corePoolSize < 0 ||  
9.             maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||  
10.             maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||  
11.             keepAliveTime < 0)  
12.             throw new IllegalArgumentException();  
13.         if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)  
14.             throw new NullPointerException();  
15.         this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;  
16.         this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;  
17.         this.workQueue = workQueue;  
18.         this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);  
19.         this.threadFactory = threadFactory;  
20.         this.handler = handler;  
21.     }  

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                              int maximumPoolSize,
                              long keepAliveTime,
                              TimeUnit unit,
                              BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                              ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                              RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
        if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
            maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
            maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
            keepAliveTime < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
        this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
        this.workQueue = workQueue;
        this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
        this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
        this.handler = handler;
    }

构造方法参数讲解

参数名	作用
corePoolSize	核心线程池大小
maximumPoolSize	最大线程池大小
keepAliveTime	线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间；可以allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true)使得核心线程有效时间
TimeUnit	keepAliveTime时间单位
workQueue	阻塞任务队列
threadFactory	新建线程工厂
RejectedExecutionHandler	当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时，任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理

重点讲解：
其中比较容易让人误解的是：corePoolSize，maximumPoolSize，workQueue之间关系。

1.当线程池小于corePoolSize时，新提交任务将创建一个新线程执行任务，即使此时线程池中存在空闲线程。
2.当线程池达到corePoolSize时，新提交任务将被放入workQueue中，等待线程池中任务调度执行
3.当workQueue已满，且maximumPoolSize>corePoolSize时，新提交任务会创建新线程执行任务
4.当提交任务数超过maximumPoolSize时，新提交任务由RejectedExecutionHandler处理
5.当线程池中超过corePoolSize线程，空闲时间达到keepAliveTime时，关闭空闲线程
6.当设置allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true)时，线程池中corePoolSize线程空闲时间达到keepAliveTime也将关闭

线程管理机制图示：


三、Executors提供的线程池配置方案

1、构造一个固定线程数目的线程池，配置的corePoolSize与maximumPoolSize大小相同，同时使用了一个无界LinkedBlockingQueue存放阻塞任务，因此多余的任务将存在再阻塞队列，不会由RejectedExecutionHandler处理

Java代码  

1. public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {  
2.         return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,  
3.                                       0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,  
4.                                       new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());  
5.     }  

public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,
                                      0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
                                      new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
    }

2、构造一个缓冲功能的线程池，配置corePoolSize=0，maximumPoolSize=Integer.MAX_VALUE，keepAliveTime=60s,以及一个无容量的阻塞队列 SynchronousQueue，因此任务提交之后，将会创建新的线程执行；线程空闲超过60s将会销毁

Java代码  

1. public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() {  
2.         return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE,  
3.                                       60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,  
4.                                       new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());  
5.     }  

public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() {
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE,
                                      60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                                      new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());
    }

3、构造一个只支持一个线程的线程池，配置corePoolSize=maximumPoolSize=1，无界阻塞队列LinkedBlockingQueue；保证任务由一个线程串行执行

Java代码  

1. public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() {  
2.         return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService  
3.             (new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1,  
4.                                     0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,  
5.                                     new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()));  
6.     }  

public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() {
        return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService
            (new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1,
                                    0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
                                    new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()));
    }

4、构造有定时功能的线程池，配置corePoolSize，无界延迟阻塞队列DelayedWorkQueue；有意思的是：maximumPoolSize=Integer.MAX_VALUE，由于DelayedWorkQueue是无界队列，所以这个值是没有意义的

Java代码  

1. public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize) {  
2.         return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize);  
3.     }  
4.   
5. public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(  
6.             int corePoolSize, ThreadFactory threadFactory) {  
7.         return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize, threadFactory);  
8.     }  
9.   
10. public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,  
11.                              ThreadFactory threadFactory) {  
12.         super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS,  
13.               new DelayedWorkQueue(), threadFactory);  
14.     }  

public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize) {
        return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize);
    }

public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(
            int corePoolSize, ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
        return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize, threadFactory);
    }

public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                             ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
        super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS,
              new DelayedWorkQueue(), threadFactory);
    }

四、定制属于自己的非阻塞线程池

Java代码  

1. import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
3. import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;  
4. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;  
5. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;  
6. import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
7. import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;  
8.   
9.   
10. public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {  
11.   
12.       
13.     private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;  
14.       
15.       
16.     /** 
17.      * 线程池初始化方法 
18.      *  
19.      * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小—-10 
20.      * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小—-30 
21.      * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间—-30+单位TimeUnit 
22.      * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位—-TimeUnit.MINUTES 
23.      * workQueue 阻塞队列—-new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10)====10容量的阻塞队列 
24.      * threadFactory 新建线程工厂—-new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂 
25.      * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时, 
26.      *                          即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)), 
27.      *                                任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理 
28.      */  
29.     public void init() {  
30.         pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(  
31.                 10,  
32.                 30,  
33.                 30,  
34.                 TimeUnit.MINUTES,  
35.                 new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10),  
36.                 new CustomThreadFactory(),  
37.                 new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());  
38.     }  
39.   
40.       
41.     public void destory() {  
42.         if(pool != null) {  
43.             pool.shutdownNow();  
44.         }  
45.     }  
46.       
47.       
48.     public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {  
49.         return this.pool;  
50.     }  
51.       
52.     private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  
53.   
54.         private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);  
55.           
56.         @Override  
57.         public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
58.             Thread t = new Thread(r);  
59.             String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);  
60.             System.out.println(threadName);  
61.             t.setName(threadName);  
62.             return t;  
63.         }  
64.     }  
65.       
66.       
67.     private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {  
68.   
69.         @Override  
70.         public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {  
71.             // 记录异常  
72.             // 报警处理等  
73.             System.out.println(”error………….”);  
74.         }  
75.     }  
76.       
77.       
78.       
79.     // 测试构造的线程池  
80.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
81.         CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor();  
82.         // 1.初始化  
83.         exec.init();  
84.           
85.         ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();  
86.         for(int i=1; i<100; i++) {  
87.             System.out.println(”提交第” + i + “个任务!”);  
88.             pool.execute(new Runnable() {  
89.                 @Override  
90.                 public void run() {  
91.                     try {  
92.                         Thread.sleep(3000);  
93.                     } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
94.                         e.printStackTrace();  
95.                     }  
96.                     System.out.println(”running=====”);  
97.                 }  
98.             });  
99.         }  
100.           
101.           
102.           
103.         // 2.销毁—-此处不能销毁,因为任务没有提交执行完,如果销毁线程池,任务也就无法执行了  
104.         // exec.destory();  
105.           
106.         try {  
107.             Thread.sleep(10000);  
108.         } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
109.             e.printStackTrace();  
110.         }  
111.     }  
112. }  

import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;


public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {


    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;


    /**
     * 线程池初始化方法
     * 
     * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----10
     * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----30
     * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit
     * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES
     * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10)====10容量的阻塞队列
     * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂
     * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时,
     *                          即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)),
     *                                任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理
     */
    public void init() {
        pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                10,
                30,
                30,
                TimeUnit.MINUTES,
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10),
                new CustomThreadFactory(),
                new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());
    }


    public void destory() {
        if(pool != null) {
            pool.shutdownNow();
        }
    }


    public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {
        return this.pool;
    }

    private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {

        private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);

        @Override
        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            Thread t = new Thread(r);
            String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);
            System.out.println(threadName);
            t.setName(threadName);
            return t;
        }
    }


    private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {

        @Override
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
            // 记录异常
            // 报警处理等
            System.out.println("error.............");
        }
    }



    // 测试构造的线程池
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor();
        // 1.初始化
        exec.init();

        ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();
        for(int i=1; i<100; i++) {
            System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务!");
            pool.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("running=====");
                }
            });
        }



        // 2.销毁----此处不能销毁,因为任务没有提交执行完,如果销毁线程池,任务也就无法执行了
        // exec.destory();

        try {
            Thread.sleep(10000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

方法中建立一个核心线程数为30个，缓冲队列有10个的线程池。每个线程任务，执行时会先睡眠3秒，保证提交10任务时，线程数目被占用完，再提交30任务时，阻塞队列被占用完，，这样提交第41个任务是，会交给CustomRejectedExecutionHandler 异常处理类来处理。

提交任务的代码如下：

Java代码  

1. public void execute(Runnable command) {  
2.         if (command == null)  
3.             throw new NullPointerException();  
4.         /* 
5.          * Proceed in 3 steps: 
6.          * 
7.          * 1. If fewer than corePoolSize threads are running, try to 
8.          * start a new thread with the given command as its first 
9.          * task.  The call to addWorker atomically checks runState and 
10.          * workerCount, and so prevents false alarms that would add 
11.          * threads when it shouldn’t, by returning false. 
12.          * 
13.          * 2. If a task can be successfully queued, then we still need 
14.          * to double-check whether we should have added a thread 
15.          * (because existing ones died since last checking) or that 
16.          * the pool shut down since entry into this method. So we 
17.          * recheck state and if necessary roll back the enqueuing if 
18.          * stopped, or start a new thread if there are none. 
19.          * 
20.          * 3. If we cannot queue task, then we try to add a new 
21.          * thread.  If it fails, we know we are shut down or saturated 
22.          * and so reject the task. 
23.          */  
24.         int c = ctl.get();  
25.         if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {  
26.             if (addWorker(command, true))  
27.                 return;  
28.             c = ctl.get();  
29.         }  
30.         if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {  
31.             int recheck = ctl.get();  
32.             if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))  
33.                 reject(command);  
34.             else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)  
35.                 addWorker(null, false);  
36.         }  
37.         else if (!addWorker(command, false))  
38.             reject(command);  
39.     }  

public void execute(Runnable command) {
        if (command == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        /*
         * Proceed in 3 steps:
         *
         * 1. If fewer than corePoolSize threads are running, try to
         * start a new thread with the given command as its first
         * task.  The call to addWorker atomically checks runState and
         * workerCount, and so prevents false alarms that would add
         * threads when it shouldn't, by returning false.
         *
         * 2. If a task can be successfully queued, then we still need
         * to double-check whether we should have added a thread
         * (because existing ones died since last checking) or that
         * the pool shut down since entry into this method. So we
         * recheck state and if necessary roll back the enqueuing if
         * stopped, or start a new thread if there are none.
         *
         * 3. If we cannot queue task, then we try to add a new
         * thread.  If it fails, we know we are shut down or saturated
         * and so reject the task.
         */
        int c = ctl.get();
        if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
            if (addWorker(command, true))
                return;
            c = ctl.get();
        }
        if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            int recheck = ctl.get();
            if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                reject(command);
            else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                addWorker(null, false);
        }
        else if (!addWorker(command, false))
            reject(command);
    }

注意：41以后提交的任务就不能正常处理了，因为，execute中提交到任务队列是用的offer方法，如上面代码，这个方法是非阻塞的，所以就会交给CustomRejectedExecutionHandler 来处理，所以对于大数据量的任务来说，这种线程池，如果不设置队列长度会OOM，设置队列长度，会有任务得不到处理，接下来我们构建一个阻塞的自定义线程池

五、定制属于自己的阻塞线程池

Java代码  

1. package com.tongbanjie.trade.test.commons;  
2.   
3. import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;  
4. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
5. import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;  
6. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;  
7. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;  
8. import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
9. import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;  
10.   
11. public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {    
12.         
13.         
14.     private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;    
15.         
16.         
17.     /**  
18.      * 线程池初始化方法  
19.      *   
20.      * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小—-1  
21.      * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小—-3  
22.      * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间—-30+单位TimeUnit  
23.      * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位—-TimeUnit.MINUTES  
24.      * workQueue 阻塞队列—-new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5)====5容量的阻塞队列  
25.      * threadFactory 新建线程工厂—-new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂  
26.      * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时,  
27.      *                          即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)),  
28.      *                                任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理  
29.      */    
30.     public void init() {    
31.         pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(    
32.                 1,    
33.                 3,    
34.                 30,    
35.                 TimeUnit.MINUTES,    
36.                 new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5),    
37.                 new CustomThreadFactory(),    
38.                 new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());    
39.     }    
40.     
41.         
42.     public void destory() {    
43.         if(pool != null) {    
44.             pool.shutdownNow();    
45.         }    
46.     }    
47.         
48.         
49.     public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {    
50.         return this.pool;    
51.     }    
52.         
53.     private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {    
54.     
55.         private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);    
56.             
57.         @Override    
58.         public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {    
59.             Thread t = new Thread(r);    
60.             String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);    
61.             System.out.println(threadName);    
62.             t.setName(threadName);    
63.             return t;    
64.         }    
65.     }    
66.         
67.         
68.     private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {    
69.     
70.         @Override    
71.         public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {    
72.             try {  
73.                                 // 核心改造点，由blockingqueue的offer改成put阻塞方法  
74.                 executor.getQueue().put(r);  
75.             } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
76.                 e.printStackTrace();  
77.             }  
78.         }    
79.     }    
80.         
81.         
82.         
83.     // 测试构造的线程池    
84.     public static void main(String[] args) {    
85.           
86.         CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor();    
87.         // 1.初始化    
88.         exec.init();    
89.             
90.         ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();    
91.         for(int i=1; i<100; i++) {    
92.             System.out.println(”提交第” + i + “个任务!”);    
93.             pool.execute(new Runnable() {    
94.                 @Override    
95.                 public void run() {    
96.                     try {    
97.                         System.out.println(”>>>task is running=====”);   
98.                         TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);  
99.                     } catch (InterruptedException e) {    
100.                         e.printStackTrace();    
101.                     }    
102.                 }    
103.             });    
104.         }    
105.             
106.             
107.         // 2.销毁—-此处不能销毁,因为任务没有提交执行完,如果销毁线程池,任务也就无法执行了    
108.         // exec.destory();    
109.             
110.         try {    
111.             Thread.sleep(10000);    
112.         } catch (InterruptedException e) {    
113.             e.printStackTrace();    
114.         }    
115.     }    
116. }    

package com.tongbanjie.trade.test.commons;

import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {  


    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;  


    /** 
     * 线程池初始化方法 
     *  
     * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----1 
     * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----3 
     * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit 
     * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES 
     * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5)====5容量的阻塞队列 
     * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂 
     * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时, 
     *                          即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)), 
     *                                任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理 
     */  
    public void init() {  
        pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(  
                1,  
                3,  
                30,  
                TimeUnit.MINUTES,  
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5),  
                new CustomThreadFactory(),  
                new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());  
    }  


    public void destory() {  
        if(pool != null) {  
            pool.shutdownNow();  
        }  
    }  


    public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {  
        return this.pool;  
    }  

    private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  

        private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);  

        @Override  
        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
            Thread t = new Thread(r);  
            String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);  
            System.out.println(threadName);  
            t.setName(threadName);  
            return t;  
        }  
    }  


    private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {  

        @Override  
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {  
            try {
                                // 核心改造点，由blockingqueue的offer改成put阻塞方法
                executor.getQueue().put(r);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }  
    }  



    // 测试构造的线程池  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  

        CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor();  
        // 1.初始化  
        exec.init();  

        ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();  
        for(int i=1; i<100; i++) {  
            System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务!");  
            pool.execute(new Runnable() {  
                @Override  
                public void run() {  
                    try {  
                        System.out.println(">>>task is running====="); 
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
                        e.printStackTrace();  
                    }  
                }  
            });  
        }  


        // 2.销毁----此处不能销毁,因为任务没有提交执行完,如果销毁线程池,任务也就无法执行了  
        // exec.destory();  

        try {  
            Thread.sleep(10000);  
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}  

解释：当提交任务被拒绝时，进入拒绝机制，我们实现拒绝方法，把任务重新用阻塞提交方法put提交，实现阻塞提交任务功能，防止队列过大，OOM，提交被拒绝方法在下面

   

Java代码  

1. public void execute(Runnable command) {  
2.         if (command == null)  
3.             throw new NullPointerException();  
4.   
5.         int c = ctl.get();  
6.         if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {  
7.             if (addWorker(command, true))  
8.                 return;  
9.             c = ctl.get();  
10.         }  
11.         if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {  
12.             int recheck = ctl.get();  
13.             if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))  
14.                 reject(command);  
15.             else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)  
16.                 addWorker(null, false);  
17.         }  
18.         else if (!addWorker(command, false))  
19.             // 进入拒绝机制， 我们把runnable任务拿出来，重新用阻塞操作put，来实现提交阻塞功能  
20.             reject(command);  
21.     }  

public void execute(Runnable command) {
        if (command == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();

        int c = ctl.get();
        if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
            if (addWorker(command, true))
                return;
            c = ctl.get();
        }
        if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            int recheck = ctl.get();
            if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                reject(command);
            else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                addWorker(null, false);
        }
        else if (!addWorker(command, false))
            // 进入拒绝机制， 我们把runnable任务拿出来，重新用阻塞操作put，来实现提交阻塞功能
            reject(command);
    }

总结：
1、用ThreadPoolExecutor自定义线程池，看线程是的用途，如果任务量不大，可以用无界队列，如果任务量非常大，要用有界队列，防止OOM
2、如果任务量很大，还要求每个任务都处理成功，要对提交的任务进行阻塞提交，重写拒绝机制，改为阻塞提交。保证不抛弃一个任务
3、最大线程数一般设为2N+1最好，N是CPU核数
4、核心线程数，看应用，如果是任务，一天跑一次，设置为0，合适，因为跑完就停掉了，如果是常用线程池，看任务量，是保留一个核心还是几个核心线程数
5、如果要获取任务执行结果，用CompletionService，但是注意，获取任务的结果的要重新开一个线程获取，如果在主线程获取，就要等任务都提交后才获取，就会阻塞大量任务结果，队列过大OOM，所以最好异步开个线程获取结果