dubbo架构图如下所示：
节点角色说明：
Provider: 暴露服务的服务提供方。
Consumer: 调用远程服务的服务消费方。
Registry: 服务注册与发现的注册中心。
Monitor: 统计服务的调用次调和调用时间的监控中心。
Container: 服务运行容器。
调用关系说明：
0 服务容器负责启动，加载，运行服务提供者。
1. 服务提供者在启动时，向注册中心注册自己提供的服务。
2. 服务消费者在启动时，向注册中心订阅自己所需的服务。
3. 注册中心返回服务提供者地址列表给消费者，如果有变更，注册中心将基于长连接推送变更数据给消费者。
4. 服务消费者，从提供者地址列表中，基于软负载均衡算法，选一台提供者进行调用，如果调用失败，再选另一台调用。
5. 服务消费者和提供者，在内存中累计调用次数和调用时间，定时每分钟发送一次统计数据到监控中心。
2. 实例
首先maven项目增加dubbo的jar依赖，因为要用到zookeeper注册中心，也要依赖但是要去掉自带的log4j。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>test</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 dubbo-provider.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
<dubbo:application name = "hello-world-app-provider" />
<!--zookeeper注册中心 -->
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="192.168.4.114:2181" />
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
<dubbo:service interface="com.mt.test.DemoService" ref="demoProvideService"/>
<!-- 具体的实现bean -->
<bean id="demoProvideService" class="com.mt.test.DemoServiceImpl" />
</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系，不是匹配条件，不要与提供方一样 -->
<dubbo:application name="hello-world-app-consumer"/>
<!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="192.168.4.114:2181"/>
<!-- 生成远程服务代理，可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->
<dubbo:reference id="demoConsumeService" interface="com.mt.test.DemoService"/>
</beans>
package com.mt.test;
import java.util.List;
public interface DemoService {
public String sayHello(String name);
public List getUsers();
}
package com.mt.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService{
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello " + name;
}
@Override
public List getUsers() {
List list = new ArrayList();
User u1 = new User();
u1.setName("jack");
u1.setAge(20);
u1.setSex("男");
User u2 = new User();
u2.setName("tom");
u2.setAge(21);
u2.setSex("女");
User u3 = new User();
u3.setName("rose");
u3.setAge(19);
u3.setSex("女");
list.add(u1);
list.add(u2);
list.add(u3);
return list;
}
}
package com.mt.test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
public class LuncherProvider {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
LuncherProvider luncher = new LuncherProvider();
luncher.start();
System.in.read(); // 为保证服务一直开着，利用输入流的阻塞来模拟
}
public void start() {
String configLocation = "spring/dubbo-provider.xml";
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configLocation);
String[] names = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
System.out.print("Beans:");
for (String string : names)
System.out.print(string + ",");
System.out.println();
}
}
package com.mt.test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class LuncherConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
LuncherConsumer luncher = new LuncherConsumer();
luncher.start();
}
void start() {
String configLocation = "spring/dubbo-consumer.xml";
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configLocation);
String[] names = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
System.out.print("Beans:");
for (String string : names) {
System.out.print(string);
System.out.print(",");
}
System.out.println();
DemoService ds = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoConsumeService");
System.out.println(ds.sayHello("hehe"));
System.out.println(ds.getUsers());
}
}
2.8 User.java
package com.mt.test;
import java.io.Serializable;
//必须实现Serializable接口
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2814022769568306965L;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
'}';
}
}<strong>
</strong>
（1）provider：
Beans:hello-world-app-provider,com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig,dubbo,com.mt.test.DemoService,demoProvideService,
（2）consumer：
Beans:hello-world-app-consumer,com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig,demoConsumeService,
Hello hehe
[User{name='jack', age=20, sex='男'}, User{name='tom', age=21, sex='女'}, User{name='rose', age=19, sex='女'}]
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