mysql 横表和纵表转换

（1）表tb1有如下数据：

姓名                     语文                        数学                    物理

张三                       68                           89                        99

李四                      90                            66                         78

现在要求写出查询语句得到如下查询结果

name                    subject                       score

张三                       语文                           68
张三                       数学                           89
张三                       物理                            99
李四                       语文                            90
李四                      数学                            66
李四                       物理                            78
sql语句如下：

select 姓名 as name,'语文' as subject,语文 as score from tb1
union
select 姓名 as name,'数学' as subject,数学 as score from tb1
union
select 姓名 as name,'物理' as subject,物理 as score from tb1
order by name

或者：

select * from(
select 姓名 as name,'语文' as subject,语文 as score from tb1
union
select 姓名 as name,'数学' as subject,数学 as score from tb1
union
select 姓名 as name,'物理' as subject,物理 as score from tb1
)tb
order by name

（2）tb2表有如下数据：

name              subject                  score

张三               语文                       74
张三                英语                      88
张三                物理                       90
李四                语文                      88
李四                英语                      67
李四                物理                        95

通过查询得到如下数据：

姓名         语文                  英语                     物理

张三          74                   88                        90
李四           88                    67                        95

sql语句如下：

select name as '姓名',
max(case subject when '语文' then score else 0 end) 语文,
        max(case subject when '英语' then score else 0 end) 英语,
        max(case subject when '物理' then score else 0 end)物理
from tb2
group by name

现在要求写出查询语句得到如下结果：

姓名         语文                  英语                     物理            总分                平均分

张三          74                    88                        90               252                    84
李四           88                    67                        95                250                    83.33

sql:

select name '姓名',
max(case subject when '语文' then result else 0 end) 语文,
max(case subject when '物理' then result else 0 end) 物理,
max(case subject when '英语' then result else 0 end)英语,
sum(result) as 总分,
avg(result) as 平均分
from tb

group by name

文章出处：http://blog.163.com/yibei_kukafei/blog/static/30021021201223195559409/