jsp中,为了获取servlet域对象中存储的数据,经常需要书写很多Java代码,这样的做法会使得jsp页面混乱,难以维护。为此jsp2.0规范中提供了EL表达式(Expression Language),表达式语言是一种简化的数据访问方式。语法格式为${expression}
基本算法:参考Tomact服务器jsp示例Basic Arithmetic,Basic Comparisons
EL表达式只能获取存在4个作用域中的数据。为jsp中获取数据的一种规范
${u}原理:pageContext.findAttribute("u");从四个作用域一次查找,知道找到为止
${u.attr1.attr2}属性导航
package com.java12.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/el")
public class ElServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public ElServlet() {
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setAttribute("username", "tom");
request.setAttribute("password", "12313");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/el.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
用户名:${username }
密码:${password }
</body>
</html>
表达式语言的内置对象(el隐式对象)
pageContext:代表该页面的pageContext对象,与jsp的pageContext内置对象相同
pageScope:用于获取page范围的属性值
requestScope:用于获取request范围的属性值
sessionScope:用于获取session范围的属性值
applicationScope:用于获取application范围的属性值
param:用于获取请求的参数值http://www.cnblogs.com/coolhwm/archive/2011/11/26/2264598.html
paramValues:用于获取请求的参数值,与header的区别在于,该对象用于获取属性值为数组的属性值
header:用于获取请求头的属性值
headerValues:用于获取请求头的属性值,与header的区别在于,该对象用于获取属性值为数组的属性值
initParam:用于获取请求web应用的初始化参数
cookie:用于获取指定的cookie值
pageContext使用示例:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
请求的UI为:${pageContext.request.requestURI }
Content-Type响应头:${pageContext.response.contentType }
服务器信息为:${pageContext.servletContext.serverInfo }
Servlet注册名为:${pageContext.servletConfig.servletName }
用户名:${username }
密码:${password }
</body>
</html>
web域相关对象实验
attribute.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
pageContext.setAttribute("pageContextAttr", "pageContextValue");
request.setAttribute("requestAttr", "requestValue");
session.setAttribute("sessionAttr", "sessionValue");
application.setAttribute("applicationAttr", "applicationValue");
%>
pageContextAttr:<%= pageContext.getAttribute("pageContextAttr") %> <br>
requestAttr:<%= request.getAttribute("requestAttr") %> <br>
sessionAttr:<%= session.getAttribute("sessionAttr") %> <br>
applicationAttr:<%= application.getAttribute("applicationAttr") %> <br>
<a href="attribute2.jsp">attribute2.jsp</a>
<a href="testAttrServlet">testAttrServlet</a>
</body>
</html>
attribute.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
pageContextAttr:<%= pageContext.getAttribute("pageContextAttr") %> <br>
requestAttr:<%= request.getAttribute("requestAttr") %> <br>
sessionAttr:<%= session.getAttribute("sessionAttr") %> <br>
applicationAttr:<%= application.getAttribute("applicationAttr") %> <br>
</body>
</html>
TestServlet
package com.java12.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/testAttrServlet")
public class TestAttrServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public TestAttrServlet() {
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
Object requestAttr = request.getAttribute("requestAttr");
out.print("<br>");
out.println("requestAttr:"+requestAttr);
out.print("<br>");
Object sessionAttr = request.getSession().getAttribute("sessionAttr");
out.print("<br>");
out.println("sessionAttr:"+sessionAttr);
out.print("<br>");
Object applicationAttr = getServletContext().getAttribute("applicationAttr");
out.print("<br>");
out.println("applicationAttr:"+applicationAttr);
out.print("<br>");
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}