TypeScript 学习之路（一）

创建test.ts=>终端运行tsc test.ts=>将ts编译成js，将js文件引入Html中就OK啦。

var hello: string = "Hello World!"
console.log(hello);

类型:
布尔值: let isDone: boolean = false;
数字: let de: number = 6;
字符串: let name: string = ‘bob’;
模板字符串: let name: string = Gene; let sentence: string = hello,My name is ${ name };

• 数组

let x: [string, number];
x = ['hello', 10];
//除第一个意外
console.log(x[0].substring(1));//ello

• 枚举(enum)
  一元运算符==常数枚举表达式+, -, ~；
  常数枚举 在enum前使用const修饰符

enum Direction {
  Up = 1,
  Down,
  Left,
  Right
}
enum Color { Red, Green, Blue };
let c: Color = Color.Green;
console.log(c) //1
//默认第一个为0
//手动赋值
enum UFO { Y = 1, B, C };
enum ASD { A = 1, S, D };

let b: UFO = UFO.B;
let a: string = ASD[2];

console.log(b) //2
console.log(a) //s

• 任意值

let notSure: any = 4;
notSure = "maybe a string instead";
notSure = false;
console.log('任意值')
console.log(notSure)//false

• 空值

function warnUser(): void {
  console.log('空值')
  console.log('This is my warning message');
}

let unusable: void = undefined;
console.log(unusable)//undefined

• 类型断言：<>写法；as写法

let someValue: any = "this is a string";
let strLength: number = (<string>someValue).length;
let strLength: number = (someValue as string).length;
console.log(strLength)//16

变量声明: let var const
解构数组；对象解构；属性重命名；默认值；函数声明；解构基础上；

• 解构数组

let [first, ...rest] = [1, 2, 3, 4];
console.log(first); //1
console.log(rest); // [2, 3, 4]

• 对象解构

let o = {
  n: "foo",
  b: 12,
  c: "bar"
};
let { n, ...passthrough } = o;
let total = passthrough.b + passthrough.c.length;
console.log(total)//15

• 展开: 对象,数组都可

let Q = [1, 2];
let F = [3, 4];
let bothPlus = [0, ...Q, ...F, 5];
console.log(bothPlus)//[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

添加到页面上

function greeter(person: string) {
  return 'Hello,' + person;
}
let user = 'Jane user';
document.body.innerHTML = greeter(user);

转载：
Typescript中文手册
TypeScript 基础入门及综合案例使用