Dispatcher已经在之前讲过,这就好办了。FilterDispatcher是Struts2的核心控制器,首先看一下init()方法。
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
try {
this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
initLogging();
//创建dispatcher,前面都已经讲过啰
dispatcher = createDispatcher(filterConfig);
dispatcher.init();
//注入将FilterDispatcher中的变量通过container注入,如下面的staticResourceLoader
dispatcher.getContainer().inject(this);
//StaticContentLoader在BeanSelectionProvider中已经被注入了依赖关系:DefaultStaticContentLoader
//可以在struts-default.xml中的<bean>可以找到
staticResourceLoader.setHostConfig(new FilterHostConfig(filterConfig));
} finally {
ActionContext.setContext(null);
}
}
//下面来看DefaultStaticContentLoader的setHostConfig
public void setHostConfig(HostConfig filterConfig) {
//读取初始参数pakages,调用parse(),解析成类似/org/apache/struts2/static,/template的数组
String param = filterConfig.getInitParameter("packages");
//"org.apache.struts2.static template org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging static"
String packages = getAdditionalPackages();
if (param != null) {
packages = param + " " + packages;
}
this.pathPrefixes = parse(packages);
initLogging(filterConfig);
}
现在回去doFilter的方法,每当有一个Request,都会调用这些Filters的doFilter方法
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
String timerKey = "FilterDispatcher_doFilter: ";
try {
// FIXME: this should be refactored better to not duplicate work with the action invocation
//先看看ValueStackFactory所注入的实现类OgnlValueStackFactory
//new OgnlValueStack
ValueStack stack = dispatcher.getContainer().getInstance(ValueStackFactory.class).createValueStack();
ActionContext ctx = new ActionContext(stack.getContext());
ActionContext.setContext(ctx);
UtilTimerStack.push(timerKey);
//如果是multipart/form-data就用MultiPartRequestWrapper进行包装
//MultiPartRequestWrapper是StrutsRequestWrapper的子类,两者都是HttpServletRequest实现
//此时在MultiPartRequestWrapper中就会把Files给解析出来,用于文件上传
//所有request都会StrutsRequestWrapper进行包装,StrutsRequestWrapper是可以访问ValueStack
//下面是参见Dispatcher的wrapRequest
// String content_type = request.getContentType();
//if(content_type!= null&&content_type.indexOf("multipart/form-data")!=-1){
//MultiPartRequest multi =getContainer().getInstance(MultiPartRequest.class);
//request =new MultiPartRequestWrapper(multi,request,getSaveDir(servletContext));
//} else {
// request = new StrutsRequestWrapper(request);
// }
request = prepareDispatcherAndWrapRequest(request, response);
ActionMapping mapping;
try {
//根据url取得对应的Action的配置信息
//看一下注入的DefaultActionMapper的getMapping()方法.Action的配置信息存储在 ActionMapping对象中
mapping = actionMapper.getMapping(request, dispatcher.getConfigurationManager());
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.error("error getting ActionMapping", ex);
dispatcher.sendError(request, response, servletContext, HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, ex);
return;
}
//如果找不到对应的action配置,则直接返回。比如你输入***.jsp等等
//这儿有个例外,就是如果path是以“/struts”开头,则到初始参数packages配置的包路径去查找对应的静态资源并输出到页面流中,当然.class文件除外。如果再没有则跳转到404
if (mapping == null) {
// there is no action in this request, should we look for a static resource?
String resourcePath = RequestUtils.getServletPath(request);
if ("".equals(resourcePath) && null != request.getPathInfo()) {
resourcePath = request.getPathInfo();
}
if (staticResourceLoader.canHandle(resourcePath)) {
// 在DefaultStaticContentLoader中:return serveStatic && (resourcePath.startsWith("/struts") || resourcePath.startsWith("/static"));
staticResourceLoader.findStaticResource(resourcePath, request, response);
} else {
// this is a normal request, let it pass through
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
// The framework did its job here
return;
}
//正式开始Action的方法
dispatcher.serviceAction(request, response, servletContext, mapping);
} finally {
try {
ActionContextCleanUp.cleanUp(req);
} finally {
UtilTimerStack.pop(timerKey);
}
}
}
//下面是ActionMapper接口的实现类 DefaultActionMapper的getMapping()方法的源代码:
public ActionMapping getMapping(HttpServletRequest request,
ConfigurationManager configManager) {
ActionMapping mapping = new ActionMapping();
String uri = getUri(request);//得到请求路径的URI,如:testAtcion.action或testAction.do
int indexOfSemicolon = uri.indexOf(";");//修正url的带;jsessionid 时找不到而且的bug
uri = (indexOfSemicolon > -1) ? uri.substring(0, indexOfSemicolon) : uri;
uri = dropExtension(uri, mapping);//删除扩展名,默认扩展名为action
if (uri == null) {
return null;
}
parseNameAndNamespace(uri, mapping, configManager);//匹配Action的name和namespace
handleSpecialParameters(request, mapping);//去掉重复参数
//如果Action的name没有解析出来,直接返回
if (mapping.getName() == null) {
returnnull;
}
//下面处理形如testAction!method格式的请求路径
if (allowDynamicMethodCalls) {
// handle "name!method" convention.
String name = mapping.getName();
int exclamation = name.lastIndexOf("!");//!是Action名称和方法名的分隔符
if (exclamation != -1) {
mapping.setName(name.substring(0, exclamation));//提取左边为name
mapping.setMethod(name.substring(exclamation + 1));//提取右边的method
}
}
return mapping;
}
从代码中看出,getMapping()方法返回ActionMapping类型的对象,该对象包含三个参数:Action的name、namespace和要调用的方法method。
如果getMapping()方法返回ActionMapping对象为null,则FilterDispatcher认为用户请求不是Action,自然另当别论,FilterDispatcher会做一件非常有意思的事:如果请求以/struts开头,会自动查找在web.xml文件中配置的 packages初始化参数,就像下面这样(注意粗斜体部分):
<filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>packages</param-name> <param-value>com.lizanhong.action</param-value> </init-param> </filter>
FilterDispatcher会将com.lizanhong.action包下的文件当作静态资源处理,即直接在页面上显示文件内容,不过会忽略扩展名为class的文件。比如在com.lizanhong.action包下有一个aaa.txt的文本文件,其内容为“中华人民共和国”,访问 http://localhost:8081/Struts2Demo/struts/aaa.txt时会输出txt中的内容
FilterDispatcher.findStaticResource()方法
protectedvoid findStaticResource(String name, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
if (!name.endsWith(".class")) {//忽略class文件
//遍历packages参数
for (String pathPrefix : pathPrefixes) {
InputStream is = findInputStream(name, pathPrefix);//读取请求文件流
if (is != null) {
...
// set the content-type header
String contentType = getContentType(name);//读取内容类型
if (contentType != null) {
response.setContentType(contentType);//重新设置内容类型
}
...
try {
//将读取到的文件流以每次复制4096个字节的方式循环输出
copy(is, response.getOutputStream());
} finally {
is.close();
}
return;
}
}
}
}
如果用户请求的资源不是以/struts开头——可能是.jsp文件,也可能是.html文件,则通过过滤器链继续往下传送,直到到达请求的资源为止。
如果getMapping()方法返回有效的ActionMapping对象,则被认为正在请求某个Action,将调用 Dispatcher.serviceAction(request, response, servletContext, mapping)方法,该方法是处理Action的关键所在。
下面就来看serviceAction,这又回到全局变量dispatcher中了
//Load Action class for mapping and invoke the appropriate Action method, or go directly to the Result.
public void serviceAction(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ServletContext context,
ActionMapping mapping) throws ServletException {
//createContextMap方法主要把Application、Session、Request的key value值拷贝到Map中
Map<String, Object> extraContext = createContextMap(request, response, mapping, context);
// If there was a previous value stack, then create a new copy and pass it in to be used by the new Action
ValueStack stack = (ValueStack) request.getAttribute(ServletActionContext.STRUTS_VALUESTACK_KEY);
boolean nullStack = stack == null;
if (nullStack) {
ActionContext ctx = ActionContext.getContext();
if (ctx != null) {
stack = ctx.getValueStack();
}
}
if (stack != null) {
extraContext.put(ActionContext.VALUE_STACK, valueStackFactory.createValueStack(stack));
}
String timerKey = "Handling request from Dispatcher";
try {
UtilTimerStack.push(timerKey);
String namespace = mapping.getNamespace();
String name = mapping.getName();
String method = mapping.getMethod();
Configuration config = configurationManager.getConfiguration();
//创建一个Action的代理对象,ActionProxyFactory是创建ActionProxy的工厂
//参考实现类:DefaultActionProxy和DefaultActionProxyFactory
ActionProxy proxy = config.getContainer().getInstance(ActionProxyFactory.class).createActionProxy(
namespace, name, method, extraContext, true, false);
request.setAttribute(ServletActionContext.STRUTS_VALUESTACK_KEY, proxy.getInvocation().getStack());
// if the ActionMapping says to go straight to a result, do it!
//如果是Result,则直接转向,关于Result,ActionProxy,ActionInvocation下一讲中再分析
if (mapping.getResult() != null) {
Result result = mapping.getResult();
result.execute(proxy.getInvocation());
} else {
//执行Action
proxy.execute();
}
// If there was a previous value stack then set it back onto the request
if (!nullStack) {
request.setAttribute(ServletActionContext.STRUTS_VALUESTACK_KEY, stack);
}
} catch (ConfigurationException e) {
// WW-2874 Only log error if in devMode
if(devMode) {
LOG.error("Could not find action or result", e);
}
else {
LOG.warn("Could not find action or result", e);
}
sendError(request, response, context, HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND, e);
} catch (Exception e) {
sendError(request, response, context, HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, e);
} finally {
UtilTimerStack.pop(timerKey);
}
}