linux命令的oracle运用（一） .

1 dd

    模拟物理坏块

[sql] view plain copy print ?

1. <SPAN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;  
2.   
3. no rows selected  
4.   
5. SQL> select * from v$backup_corruption;  
6.   
7. no rows selected  
8.   
9. SQL> select * from v$copy_corruption;  
10.   
11. no rows selected  
12.   
13. SQL> create tablespace physical_corrupt datafile size 10m autoextend on;  
14.   
15. Tablespace created.  
16.   
17. SQL> conn hr/hr  
18. Connected.  
19. SQL> create table tt (i int)  tablespace physical_corrupt;  
20.   
21. Table created.  
22. SQL> insert into tt values(1);  
23.   
24. 1 row created.  
25.   
26. SQL> insert into tt values(2);  
27.   
28. 1 row created.  
29.   
30. SQL> commit;  
31.   
32. Commit complete.  
33. SQL> select tt.*,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) from tt;  
34.   
35.      I DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID)  
36. ---------- ------------------------------------   
37.      1                   15  
38.      2                   15  
39.   
40. SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='PHYSICAL_CORRUPT';  
41.   
42. TABLESPACE_NAME  
43. ------------------------------   
44. FILE_NAME  
45. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
46. PHYSICAL_CORRUPT  
47. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf  
48.   
49. [oracle@Think ~]$ dd of=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=15 <<!  
50. > my name is think  
51. > !  
52. 0+1 records in  
53. 0+1 records out  
54. 17 bytes (17 B) copied, 9.9193e-05 s, 171 kB/s  
55.   
56. 用rman向oracle注册，报告填充v$database_block_corruption  
57. RMAN> backup validate tablespace physical_corrupt;  
58.   
59. Starting backup at 24-OCT-12  
60. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog  
61. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1  
62. channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK  
63. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset  
64. channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset  
65. input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf  
66. channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01  
67. Finished backup at 24-OCT-12  
68.   
69. SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;  
70.   
71.      FILE#     BLOCK#     BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO  
72. ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------   
73.      6     15          1          0 CORRUPT  
74.   
75. SQL> select * from tt;  
76. select * from tt  
77. *  
78. ERROR at line 1:  
79. ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 15)  
80. ORA-01110: data file 6:  
81. '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf'</SPAN>  

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

no rows selected

SQL> select * from v$backup_corruption;

no rows selected

SQL> select * from v$copy_corruption;

no rows selected

SQL> create tablespace physical_corrupt datafile size 10m autoextend on;

Tablespace created.

SQL> conn hr/hr
Connected.
SQL> create table tt (i int)  tablespace physical_corrupt;

Table created.
SQL> insert into tt values(1);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into tt values(2);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.
SQL> select tt.*,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) from tt;

	 I DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID)
---------- ------------------------------------
	 1				     15
	 2				     15

SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='PHYSICAL_CORRUPT';

TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHYSICAL_CORRUPT
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf

[oracle@Think ~]$ dd of=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=15 <<!
> my name is think
> !
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
17 bytes (17 B) copied, 9.9193e-05 s, 171 kB/s

用rman向oracle注册，报告填充v$database_block_corruption
RMAN> backup validate tablespace physical_corrupt;

Starting backup at 24-OCT-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 24-OCT-12

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

     FILE#     BLOCK#	  BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------
	 6	   15	       1		  0 CORRUPT

SQL> select * from tt;
select * from tt
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 15)
ORA-01110: data file 6:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf'

    2 diff

       逐行比较两个文本文件，列出差异行
       通常的输出格式：
       n1 a n2
       n1 c n2
       n1 d n2
       字母(a、d和c)之前的行号(n1)是针对file1的，其后面的行号(n2)是针对file2的。
       字母a、d和c分别表示附加、删除和修改操作。
       以”<”打头的行属于第一个文件，以”>”打头的行属于第二个文件。
       例如：

[plain] view plain copy print ?

1. <SPAN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[oracle@Think udump]$ diff orcl_ora_18900.trc orcl_ora_19032.trc  
2. 1c1  
3. < /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_18900.trc  
4. ---  
5. > /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_19032.trc  
6. 11,13c11,13  
7. < Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>  
8. < Oracle process number: 0  
9. < Unix process pid: 18900, image: oracle@Think  
10. ---  
11. > Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1  
12. > Oracle process number: 17  
13. > Unix process pid: 19032, image: oracle@Think (TNS V1-V3)  
14. 15,17c15,19  
15. < KCCDEBUG_LEVEL = 0  
16. < Dynamic strand is set to TRUE  
17. < Running with 2 shared and 18 private strand(s). Zero-copy redo is FALSE  
18. ---  
19. > *** 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033  
20. > *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033  
21. > *** SESSION ID:(155.108) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033  
22. > kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.ORDERS_QUEUETABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing   
23. > kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.STREAMS_QUEUE_TABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing </SPAN>  

[oracle@Think udump]$ diff orcl_ora_18900.trc orcl_ora_19032.trc
1c1
< /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_18900.trc
---
> /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_19032.trc
11,13c11,13
< Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
< Oracle process number: 0
< Unix process pid: 18900, image: oracle@Think
---
> Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
> Oracle process number: 17
> Unix process pid: 19032, image: oracle@Think (TNS V1-V3)
15,17c15,19
< KCCDEBUG_LEVEL = 0
< Dynamic strand is set to TRUE
< Running with 2 shared and 18 private strand(s). Zero-copy redo is FALSE
---
> *** 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> *** SESSION ID:(155.108) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.ORDERS_QUEUETABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing 
> kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.STREAMS_QUEUE_TABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing 

    3 watch

       监测一个命令的运行结果，并且动态刷新
       -n：指定时间间隔，缺省是2秒
       -d：高亮显示变化的区域
       ctrl+c退出
       例如：
       [oracle@Think udump]$ watch -n 1 -d  du -sh /u01/app/oracle/admin

    4 tail

       tail -f filename
       文件最尾部的内容显示在屏幕上，并且不断刷新，是你看到最新的内容。

转自： http://blog.csdn.net/linwaterbin/article/details/8102333