目录
简介
现在越来越多的网站采用JSON来交换数据,在Json.org网站上,Java可以使用的解析Json的组件就有超过20种。
Json官网:http://json.org/ 页面往下拉,可以看到java板块的json类库:
其中gson,jackson,fastjson都是我们常用的工具类,每种工具用起来可能稍稍有点差别,但都是大同小异,基本上都包含两大块JSONObject和JSONArray
- JSONObject:普通json对象
- JSONArray:json数组
这里只简单测试一下JSON的基本生成与解析,复杂的类型与之同理,这里不过多介绍。
(1)org.json的使用
(实测最好将该jar包下载下来,然后手动导入工程)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20171018</version>
</dependency>
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* java原生json处理
*/
public class OrgJsonTest {
/**
* JSON的初始化
*/
@Test
public void test1() {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("name", "zhangsan");
jsonObject.put("age", 20);
jsonObject.put("married", false);
System.out.println(jsonObject);
// {"name":"zhangsan","married":false,"age":20}
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
jsonArray.put(0, true);
jsonArray.put(1, "lisi");
jsonArray.put(2, 22);
System.out.println(jsonArray);
// [true,"lisi",22]
}
/**
* JSON的解析
*/
@Test
public void test2() {
// 初始化
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject("{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"married\":false,\"age\":20}");
String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
int age = jsonObject.getInt("age");
boolean married = jsonObject.getBoolean("married");
System.out.println("name=" + name + "\nage=" + age + "\nmarried=" + married);
// name=zhangsan
// age=20
// married=false
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray("[true,\"lisi\",22]");
boolean arr1 = jsonArray.getBoolean(0);
String arr2 = jsonArray.getString(1);
int arr3 = jsonArray.getInt(2);
System.out.println(arr1 + "\t" + arr2 + "\t" + arr3);
}
/**
* JSONObject和JSONArray的相互嵌套
*/
@Test
public void test3() {
// 初始化
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject("{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"married\":false,\"age\":20}");
JSONObject address = new JSONObject("{\"address\":\"China\"}");
JSONArray education = new JSONArray("[\"小学\",\"初中\",\"高中\"]");
jsonObject.put("addr", address);
jsonObject.put("edu", education);
System.out.println(jsonObject);
// {"edu":["小学","初中","高中"],"name":"zhangsan","addr":{"address":"China"},"married":false,"age":20}
}
}
(2)net.sf.json的使用
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId>
<artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId>
<version>1.0.6</version>
</dependency>
import org.junit.Test;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class NetsfJSON {
/**
* 创建JSON
*/
@Test
public void test1() {
String str = "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":20}";
JSONObject json1 = JSONObject.fromObject(str);
System.out.println(json1.toString());
// {"name":"zhangsan","age":20}
JSONObject json2 = new JSONObject();
json2.put("name", "zhangsan");
json2.put("age", 20);
json2.element("telphone", "15000000000");
System.out.println(json2);
// {"name":"zhangsan","age":20,"telphone":"15000000000"}
}
/**
* 解析JSON
*/
@Test
public void test2() {
String str = "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":20}";
JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(str);
String name = json.getString("name");
int age = json.getInt("age");
System.out.println("name = " + name + ", age = " + age);
// name = zhangsan, age = 20
}
/**
* JSONArray
*/
@Test
public void test3() {
// JSONObject内嵌JSONArray
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("name", "zhangsan");
json.put("age", 20);
JSONObject json3 = new JSONObject();
json3.put("math", 90);
json3.put("english", 88);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
array.add(json3);
json.put("class", array);
System.out.println(json);
// {"name":"zhangsan","age":20,"class":[{"math":90,"english":88}]}
JSONArray jsonArray = json.getJSONArray("class");
System.out.println(jsonArray.toString());
// [{"math":90,"english":88}]
// 创建JSONArray
JSONArray jsonArray2 = new JSONArray();
jsonArray2.add(0, "zhangsan");
jsonArray2.add(1, "lisi");
jsonArray2.element(2, "wangwu");
System.out.println(jsonArray2);
// ["zhangsan", "lisi", "wangwu"]
// 解析
Object object = jsonArray2.get(0);
System.out.println(object);
// zhangsan
}
}
(3)json-simple的使用
<dependency>
<groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
<artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
import org.json.simple.parser.JSONParser;
import org.json.simple.parser.ParseException;
import org.junit.Test;
public class JSONSimple {
@Test
public void test1() throws ParseException {
// 创建
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("name", "zhangsan");
obj.put("age", 20);
obj.put("tel", "15000000000");
System.out.println(obj);
// 解析
JSONParser parser = new JSONParser();
JSONObject json = (JSONObject) parser.parse(obj.toString());
System.out.println(json);
Object name = json.get("name");
Object age = json.get("age");
System.out.println("name = " + name + ", age = " + age);
}
}
(4)gson的使用
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</dependency>
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
}
import org.junit.Test;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class GSONTest {
@Test
public void test() {
Gson gson = new Gson();
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("zhangsan");
person.setAge(20);
String json = gson.toJson(person);
System.out.println(json); // {"name":"zhangsan","age":20}
Person fromJson = gson.fromJson(json, Person.class);
System.out.println(fromJson); // Person [name=zhangsan, age=20]
}
}
(5)jackson的使用
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.zzs.json.bean.Person;
public class JacksonTest {
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("zhangsan");
person.setAge(20);
/**
* ObjectMapper是JSON操作的核心,Jackson的所有JSON操作都是在ObjectMapper中实现。
* ObjectMapper有多个JSON序列化的方法,可以把JSON字符串保存File、OutputStream等不同的介质中。
* writeValue(File arg0, Object arg1)把arg1转成json序列,并保存到arg0文件中。
* writeValue(OutputStream arg0, Object arg1)把arg1转成json序列,并保存到arg0输出流中。
* writeValueAsBytes(Object arg0)把arg0转成json序列,并把结果输出成字节数组。
* writeValueAsString(Object arg0)把arg0转成json序列,并把结果输出成字符串。
*/
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// User类转JSON
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
// 输出结果:{"name":"zhangsan","age":20}
System.out.println(json);
// JSON解析
Person readValue = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
// 输出结果:Person [name=zhangsan, age=20]
System.out.println(readValue);
}
}
(6)fastjson的使用
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.42</version>
</dependency>
方法入口:
public static final Object parse(String text); // 把JSON文本parse为JSONObject或者JSONArray
public static final JSONObject parseObject(String text); // 把JSON文本parse成JSONObject
public static final <T> T parseObject(String text, Class<T> clazz); // 把JSON文本parse为JavaBean
public static final JSONArray parseArray(String text); // 把JSON文本parse成JSONArray
public static final <T> List<T> parseArray(String text, Class<T> clazz); // 把JSON文本parse成JavaBean集合
public static final String toJSONString(Object object); // 将JavaBean序列化为JSON文本
public static final String toJSONString(Object object, boolean prettyFormat); // 将JavaBean序列化为带格式的JSON文本
public static final Object toJSON(Object javaObject); // 将JavaBean转换为JSONObject或者JSONArray。
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
public class FastjsonTest {
/**
* 创建JSON
*/
@Test
public void test1() {
// 创建一个 Person 对象
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("zhangsan");
person.setAge(20);
// 将 Person 对象转为 json 字符串
String json = JSON.toJSONString(person);
// 输出结果:{"age":20,"name":"zhangsan"}
System.out.println(json);
// 将 Person 对象转为 json 字符串, 这个字符串是经过格式化的
String format_json = JSON.toJSONString(person, true);
System.out.println(format_json);
}
@Test
public void test2() {
String json_array = "[{\"age\":20,\"name\":\"zhangsan\"},{\"age\":22,\"name\":\"lisi\"}]";
// 将 json 字符串转为 JSONArray 对象
JSONArray array = JSON.parseArray(json_array);
System.out.println(array);
// 将 json 字符串转为 List 集合
List<Person> list = JSON.parseArray(json_array, Person.class);
for (Person person : list) {
System.out.println(person);
}
}
/**
* JSON解析
*/
@Test
public void test3() {
String json = "{\"age\":20,\"name\":\"zhangsan\"}";
// 将 json 字符串转为 JSONObject 对象
JSONObject object = JSON.parseObject(json);
System.out.println(object);
// 将 json 字符串转为 Student 对象
Person person = JSON.parseObject(json, Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}