ESXi 5.x 命令行操作

网络

很多命令的 -h 都包含了详细的例子

esxcli network:

这是一个命令集, 包含了很多子命令

• esxcli network nic list 查看网卡信息
• esxcli network ip route ipv4 list 查看路由(ipv4)
• esxcli network ip dns server list 查看 dns
• esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get 查看ip配置(ipv4)

esxcfg-route:

• esxcfg-route 查看默认路由

esxcfg-nics:

• esxcfg-nics 等价 esxcli network nic list

tcpdump-uw:

类似于Linux下的 tcpdump, 是 ESX 的抓包工具

vsish

ESXi命令行修改密码

通过 ssh 登录到 ESXi 系统后, 可以通过 passwd root 来修改密码

参考 Changing ESXi Root Password , 里面还说明了如何开启 ESXi ssh 登录.

ESXi 的 authorized_keys

For ESXi 5.0, the location of authorized_keys is: /etc/ssh/keys-<username>/authorized_keys

参考: Allowing SSH access to ESX hosts with public/private key authentication

控制虚拟机开关机

To power on a virtual machine from the command line:

List the inventory ID of the virtual machine with the command:

vim-cmd vmsvc/getallvms |grep <vm name>

Note: The first column of the output shows the vmid.

Check the power state of the virtual machine with the command:

vim-cmd vmsvc/power.getstate <vmid>

Power-on the virtual machine with the command:

vim-cmd vmsvc/power.on <vmid>

关机就是把 power.on 改为 power.off 就可以了.

参考: Powering on a virtual machine from the command line when the host cannot be managed using vSphere Client

另外还有一种方法, 只能控制关机:

Get a list of running virtual machines, identified by World ID, UUID, Display Name, and path to the .vmx configuration file, using this command:

esxcli vm process list # 只显示开机的虚拟机列表

Power off one of the virtual machines from the list using this command:

esxcli vm process kill --type=[soft,hard,force] --world-id=WorldNumber

Notes: Three power-off methods are available. Soft is the most graceful, hard performs an immediate shutdown, and force should be used as a last resort.

Alternate power off command syntax is:

esxcli vm process kill -t [soft,hard,force] -w WorldNumber

参考:

• Powering off a virtual machine on an ESXi host
• How to shutdown a virtual machine on ESXi5 over an ssh terminal session?