Java一个简单的web服务器（支持简单的Servlet）

于 2015-03-06 22:25:22 发布
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分类专栏： Tomcat 文章标签： servlet web服务器 tomcat socket
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaozji/article/details/44106237
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我们知道一个全功能的servlet容器会为servlet的每个HTTP请求做下面一些工作：

  1. 当第一次调用servlet的时候，加载该servlet类并调用servlet的init方法(仅仅一次)。
  2. 对每次请求，构造一个javax.servlet.ServletRequest实例和一个javax.servlet.ServletResponse实例。
  3. 调用servlet的service方法，同时传递ServletRequest和ServletResponse对象。
  4. 当servlet类被关闭的时候，调用servlet的destroy方法并卸载servlet类。

下面这个例子，主要实现了一下几个功能：
  1. 等待HTTP请求。
  2. 构造一个ServletRequest对象和一个ServletResponse对象。
  3. 假如该请求需要一个静态资源的话，调用StaticResourceProcessor实例的process方法，同时传递ServletRequest和ServletResponse对象。
  4. 假如该请求需要一个servlet的话，加载servlet类并调用servlet的service方法，同时传递ServletRequest和ServletResponse对象。
首页看下项目的目录结构：



HttpServer1 这个类主要是等待前端的请求，来判断调用Servlet处理类，还是静态资源处理类，代码如下： 

package test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class HttpServer1 { // shutdown command
	private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
	// the shutdown command received
	private boolean shutdown = false;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		HttpServer1 server = new HttpServer1();
		server.await();
	}

	public void await() {
		ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
		int port = 8080;
		try {
			serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress
					.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.exit(1);
		}
		// Loop waiting for a request
		while (!shutdown) {
			Socket socket = null;
			InputStream input = null;
			OutputStream output = null;
			try {
				socket = serverSocket.accept();
				input = socket.getInputStream();
				output = socket.getOutputStream();
				// create Request object and parse
				Request request = new Request(input);
				request.parse();
				// create Response object
				Response response = new Response(output);
				response.setRequest(request);
				// check if this is a request for a servlet or
				// a static resource
				// a request for a servlet begins with "/servlet/"
				if (request.getUri().startsWith("/servlet/")) {
					ServletProcessor1 processor = new ServletProcessor1();
					processor.process(request, response);
				} else {
					StaticResourceProcessor processor = new StaticResourceProcessor();
					processor.process(request, response);
				}
				// Close the socket
				socket.close();
				// check if the previous URI is a shutdown command
				shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				System.exit(1);
			}
		}
	}
}


servlet的service方法从servlet容器中接收一个javax.servlet.ServletRequest实例和一个javax.servlet.ServletResponse实例。
这就是说对于每一个HTTP请求，servlet容器必须构造一个ServletRequest对象和一个ServletResponse对象并把它们传递给正在服务的servlet的service方法。

Request类代表一个request对象并被传递给servlet的service方法。就本身而言，它必须实现javax.servlet.ServletRequest接口。这个类必须提供这个接口所有方法的实现。不过，我们想要让它非常简单并且仅仅提供实现其中一些方法，其他方法则留空。
 

package test;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;



public class Request implements ServletRequest{
	
	private InputStream input; 
	
	private String uri;
	
	
	public Request(InputStream input) {
		this.input = input;
	}

	public String getUri() {
		return uri;
	}
	
	
	private String parseUri(String requestString) {
		int index1, index2;
		index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
		if (index1 != -1) {
			index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);
			if (index2 > index1)
				return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	
	
	public void parse() { 
		StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
		int i;
		byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
		try {
			i = input.read(buffer);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			i = -1;
		}
		for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
			  request.append((char)(buffer[j])); 
		}
		System.out.print(request.toString());
		uri = parseUri(request.toString());
	}
	
	@Override
	public Object getAttribute(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getContentLength() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getLocalPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getLocales() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getParameter(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Map getParameterMap() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getParameterNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String[] getParameterValues(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getProtocol() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRealPath(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteHost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getRemotePort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getScheme() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServerName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getServerPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isSecure() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void removeAttribute(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setAttribute(String arg0, Object arg1) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String arg0)
			throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}
	
}

同理Response类也一样: 

package test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Response implements ServletResponse {
	
	
	private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
	Request request;
	OutputStream output;
	PrintWriter writer;
	
	public Response(OutputStream output) {
		this.output = output;
	}

	public void setRequest(Request request) {
		this.request = request;
	}
	
	public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException{  
        
        byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];  
        FileInputStream fis = null;  
          
        File file = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT+"webroot",request.getUri());  
        if(file.exists()){  
            try {  
                fis = new FileInputStream(file);  
                int ch = fis.read(bytes,0,BUFFER_SIZE);  
                while(ch != -1){  
                    output.write(bytes,0,ch);  
                    ch = fis.read(bytes,0,BUFFER_SIZE);  
                }  
                  
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {  
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }catch(IOException e){  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }finally{  
                if(fis !=null){  
                    fis.close();  
                }  
            }  
              
        }else{  
            //找不到文件  
             String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" +  
     "Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +  
     "Content-Length: 23\r\n" +  
     "\r\n" +  
     "<h1>File Not Found</h1>";  
             try {  
                output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());  
                output.flush();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  

	@Override
	public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public int getBufferSize() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
		writer = new PrintWriter(output, true);
		return writer;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isCommitted() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void reset() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void resetBuffer() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void setBufferSize(int arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void setContentLength(int arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void setContentType(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	@Override
	public void setLocale(Locale arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

}

StaticResourceProcessor类用来提供静态资源请求。唯一的方法是process方法 

package test;

import java.io.IOException;

public class StaticResourceProcessor {
	public void process(Request request, Response response) {
		try {
			response.sendStaticResource();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

ServletProcessor1类用于处理servlet的HTTP请求 

package test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;


public class ServletProcessor1 {
	public void process(Request request, Response response) {
		String uri = request.getUri();
		String servletName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
		URLClassLoader loader = null;
		try {
			// create a URLClassLoader
			URL[] urls = new URL[1];
			URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
			File classPath = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT+"bin"+File.separator+"test"+File.separator);
			// the forming of repository is taken from the // createClassLoader
			// method in // org.apache.catalina.startup.ClassLoaderFactory
			String repository = (new URL("file", null, classPath
					.getCanonicalPath()
					+ File.separator)).toString();
			// the code for forming the URL is taken from // the addRepository
			// method in // org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.
			urls[0] = new URL(null, repository, streamHandler);
			loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		Class myClass = null;
		try {
			myClass = loader.loadClass("test.PrimitiveServlet");
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		Servlet servlet = null;
		try {
			servlet = (Servlet) myClass.newInstance();
			servlet.service((ServletRequest) request,(ServletResponse) response);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		} catch (Throwable e) {
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
	}
}


最后再写一个简单的Servlet类： 

package test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class PrimitiveServlet implements Servlet {
	
	public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("init");
	}

	public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("from service");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.println("Hello.Roses are red.");
	}

	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("destroy");
	}

	public String getServletInfo() {
		return null;
	}

	public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
		return null;
	}
}



package test;

import java.io.File;

public class Constants {

	public static final String WEB_ROOT =  System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator;
}


最后运行HttpServer1类，在浏览器中测试：

Servlet







静态资源







参考书籍：《how tomcat works》
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