Android中Bitmap和Drawable

一、相关概念

1、Drawable就是一个可画的对象，其可能是一张位图（BitmapDrawable），也可能是一个图形（ShapeDrawable），还有可能是一个图层（LayerDrawable），我们根据画图的需求，创建相应的可画对象

2、Canvas画布，绘图的目的区域，用于绘图

3、Bitmap位图，用于图的处理

4、Matrix矩阵

二、Bitmap

1、从资源中获取Bitmap

1. Resources res = getResources(); 
2. Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.drawable.icon); 

		Resources res = getResources();
		Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.drawable.icon);

2、Bitmap → byte

1. public byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bm) { 
2.     ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 
3.     bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos); 
4.     return baos.toByteArray(); 
5. } 

	public byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bm) {
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);
		return baos.toByteArray();
	}

3、byte[] → Bitmap

1. public Bitmap Bytes2Bimap(byte[] b) { 
2.     if (b.length != 0) { 
3.         return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length); 
4.     } else { 
5.         return null; 
6.     } 
7. } 

	public Bitmap Bytes2Bimap(byte[] b) {
		if (b.length != 0) {
			return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length);
		} else {
			return null;
		}
	}

4、Bitmap缩放

1. public static Bitmap zoomBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int width, int height) { 
2.     int w = bitmap.getWidth(); 
3.     int h = bitmap.getHeight(); 
4.     Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); 
5.     float scaleWidth = ((float) width / w); 
6.     float scaleHeight = ((float) height / h); 
7.     matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight); 
8.     Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, w, h, matrix, true); 
9.     return newbmp; 
10. } 

	public static Bitmap zoomBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int width, int height) {
		int w = bitmap.getWidth();
		int h = bitmap.getHeight();
		Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
		float scaleWidth = ((float) width / w);
		float scaleHeight = ((float) height / h);
		matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight);
		Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, w, h, matrix, true);
		return newbmp;
	}

5、将Drawable转化为Bitmap

1. public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) { 
2.         // 取 drawable 的长宽 
3.         int w = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(); 
4.         int h = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(); 
5.  
6.         // 取 drawable 的颜色格式 
7.         Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 
8.                 : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565; 
9.         // 建立对应 bitmap 
10.         Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, config); 
11.         // 建立对应 bitmap 的画布 
12.         Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); 
13.         drawable.setBounds(0, 0, w, h); 
14.         // 把 drawable 内容画到画布中 
15.         drawable.draw(canvas); 
16.         return bitmap; 
17.     } 

public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) {
		// 取 drawable 的长宽
		int w = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
		int h = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();

		// 取 drawable 的颜色格式
		Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888
				: Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
		// 建立对应 bitmap
		Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, config);
		// 建立对应 bitmap 的画布
		Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
		drawable.setBounds(0, 0, w, h);
		// 把 drawable 内容画到画布中
		drawable.draw(canvas);
		return bitmap;
	}

6、获得圆角图片

1. public static Bitmap getRoundedCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, float roundPx) { 
2.     int w = bitmap.getWidth(); 
3.     int h = bitmap.getHeight(); 
4.     Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, Config.ARGB_8888); 
5.     Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output); 
6.     final int color = 0xff424242; 
7.     final Paint paint = new Paint(); 
8.     final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, w, h); 
9.     final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect); 
10.     paint.setAntiAlias(true); 
11.     canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0); 
12.     paint.setColor(color); 
13.     canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint); 
14.     paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN)); 
15.     canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint); 
16.  
17.     return output; 
18. } 

	public static Bitmap getRoundedCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, float roundPx) {
		int w = bitmap.getWidth();
		int h = bitmap.getHeight();
		Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, Config.ARGB_8888);
		Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);
		final int color = 0xff424242;
		final Paint paint = new Paint();
		final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, w, h);
		final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect);
		paint.setAntiAlias(true);
		canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
		paint.setColor(color);
		canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint);
		paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));
		canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);

		return output;
	}

7、获得带倒影的图片

1. public static Bitmap createReflectionImageWithOrigin(Bitmap bitmap) { 
2.     final int reflectionGap = 4; 
3.     int w = bitmap.getWidth(); 
4.     int h = bitmap.getHeight(); 
5.  
6.     Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); 
7.     matrix.preScale(1, -1); 
8.  
9.     Bitmap reflectionImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, h / 2, w, 
10.             h / 2, matrix, false); 
11.  
12.     Bitmap bitmapWithReflection = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, (h + h / 2), 
13.             Config.ARGB_8888); 
14.  
15.     Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithReflection); 
16.     canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null); 
17.     Paint deafalutPaint = new Paint(); 
18.     canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, h + reflectionGap, deafalutPaint); 
19.  
20.     canvas.drawBitmap(reflectionImage, 0, h + reflectionGap, null); 
21.  
22.     Paint paint = new Paint(); 
23.     LinearGradient shader = new LinearGradient(0, bitmap.getHeight(), 0, 
24.             bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGap, 0x70ffffff, 
25.             0x00ffffff, TileMode.CLAMP); 
26.     paint.setShader(shader); 
27.     // Set the Transfer mode to be porter duff and destination in 
28.     paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_IN)); 
29.     // Draw a rectangle using the paint with our linear gradient 
30.     canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() 
31.             + reflectionGap, paint); 
32.  
33.     return bitmapWithReflection; 
34. } 

	public static Bitmap createReflectionImageWithOrigin(Bitmap bitmap) {
		final int reflectionGap = 4;
		int w = bitmap.getWidth();
		int h = bitmap.getHeight();

		Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
		matrix.preScale(1, -1);

		Bitmap reflectionImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, h / 2, w,
				h / 2, matrix, false);

		Bitmap bitmapWithReflection = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, (h + h / 2),
				Config.ARGB_8888);

		Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithReflection);
		canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null);
		Paint deafalutPaint = new Paint();
		canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, h + reflectionGap, deafalutPaint);

		canvas.drawBitmap(reflectionImage, 0, h + reflectionGap, null);

		Paint paint = new Paint();
		LinearGradient shader = new LinearGradient(0, bitmap.getHeight(), 0,
				bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGap, 0x70ffffff,
				0x00ffffff, TileMode.CLAMP);
		paint.setShader(shader);
		// Set the Transfer mode to be porter duff and destination in
		paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_IN));
		// Draw a rectangle using the paint with our linear gradient
		canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight()
				+ reflectionGap, paint);

		return bitmapWithReflection;
	}

三、Drawable

1、Bitmap转换成Drawable 

1. Bitmap bm=xxx; //xxx根据你的情况获取 
2. BitmapDrawable bd= new BitmapDrawable(getResource(), bm);  
3. 因为BtimapDrawable是Drawable的子类，最终直接使用bd对象即可。 

Bitmap bm=xxx; //xxx根据你的情况获取
BitmapDrawable bd= new BitmapDrawable(getResource(), bm); 
因为BtimapDrawable是Drawable的子类，最终直接使用bd对象即可。

2、Drawable缩放

1. public static Drawable zoomDrawable(Drawable drawable, int w, int h) { 
2.     int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(); 
3.     int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(); 
4.     // drawable转换成bitmap 
5.     Bitmap oldbmp = drawableToBitmap(drawable); 
6.     // 创建操作图片用的Matrix对象 
7.     Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); 
8.     // 计算缩放比例 
9.     float sx = ((float) w / width); 
10.     float sy = ((float) h / height); 
11.     // 设置缩放比例 
12.     matrix.postScale(sx, sy); 
13.     // 建立新的bitmap，其内容是对原bitmap的缩放后的图 
14.     Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(oldbmp, 0, 0, width, height, 
15.             matrix, true); 
16.     return new BitmapDrawable(newbmp); 
17. }