使用enum代替Constants

enum 对比Constants的好处（转载自：https://stackoverflow.com/a/26118954/1280694）：

1. Type safety and value safety.
2. Guaranteed singleton.
3. Ability to define and override methods.
4. Ability to use values in switch statement case statements without qualification.
5. Built-in sequentialization of values via ordinal().
6. Serialization by name not by value, which offers a degree of future-proofing.
7. EnumSet and EnumMap classes.

 

 

转载自：https://stackoverflow.com/a/11575421/1280694

 

Suppose you use constant strings (or int values - the same goes for them):

// Constants for player types
public static final String ARCHER = "Archer";
public static final String WARRIOR = "Warrior";

// Constants for genders
public static final String MALE = "Male";
public static final String FEMALE = "Female";

then you end up not really knowing the type of your data - leading to potentially incorrect code:

String playerType = Constants.MALE;

If you use enums, that would end up as:

// Compile-time error - incompatible types!
PlayerType playerType = Gender.MALE;

Likewise, enums give a restricted set of values:

String playerType = "Fred"; // Hang on, that's not one we know about...

vs

PlayerType playerType = "Fred"; // Nope, that doesn't work. Bang!

Additionally, enums in Java can have more information associated with them, and can also have behaviour. Much better all round.

 

 

Reference：

【1】：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11575376/why-use-enums-instead-of-constants

【2】：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3978654/best-way-to-create-enum-of-strings

【3】：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9969690/whats-the-advantage-of-a-java-enum-versus-a-class-with-public-static-final-fiel