mock Request on Controller in ASP.Net MVC ?

这是一个论坛提问形式的，看到就收藏了一下。

原地址:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/970198/how-to-mock-the-request-on-controller-in-asp-net-mvc
How to mock the Request on Controller in ASP.Net MVC ?
我有一个用ASP.Net MVC framework 框架下的Controller.
public class HomeController:Controller{
  public ActionResult Index()
    {
      if (Request.IsAjaxRequest())
        {
          //do some ajaxy stuff
        }
      return View("Index");
    }
}
我想用通过RhinoMocks 来测试这个Controller

var mocks = new MockRepository();
var mockedhttpContext = mocks.DynamicMock<HttpContextBase>();
var mockedHttpRequest = mocks.DynamicMock<HttpRequestBase>();
SetupResult.For(mockedhttpContext.Request).Return(mockedHttpRequest);

var controller = new HomeController();
controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(mockedhttpContext, new RouteData(), controller);
var result = controller.Index() as ViewResult;
Assert.AreEqual("About", result.ViewName);
但是我却得到如下的错误:

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Exception System.ArgumentNullException: System.ArgumentNullException : Value cannot be null. Parameter name: request at System.Web.Mvc.AjaxRequestExtensions.IsAjaxRequest(HttpRequestBase request)
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
虽然Request object 在这个Controller 中没有初始化.但是我尝试着通过以下的方法来解决这个问题。
我用 Moq(mock) 来代替 RhinoMocks，来做相同的测试。
var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
// Not working - IsAjaxRequest() is static extension method and cannot be mocked
// request.Setup(x => x.IsAjaxRequest()).Returns(true /* or false */);
// use this
request.SetupGet(x => x.Headers["X-Requested-With"]).Returns("XMLHttpRequest");

var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
context.SetupGet(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object);
var controller = new HomeController(Repository, LoginInfoProvider);
controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(context.Object, new RouteData(), controller);
var result = controller.Index() as ViewResult;
Assert.AreEqual("About", result.ViewName);
但是又会得到如下的错误信息:
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Exception System.ArgumentException: System.ArgumentException : Invalid setup on a non-overridable member: x => x.Headers["X-Requested-With"] at Moq.Mock.ThrowIfCantOverride(Expression setup, MethodInfo methodInfo)
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
这一次，看来我是真的不能重置 Request 当中的header.我怎么样才能设置里面的值，用RhinoMocks 或 Moq都可以。(呵呵这个也是我关心的)

## 6 level
Using Moq:
var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
// Not working - IsAjaxRequest() is static extension method and cannot be mocked
// request.Setup(x => x.IsAjaxRequest()).Returns(true /* or false */);
// use this
request.SetupGet(x => x.Headers).Returns(
    new System.Net.WebHeaderCollection {
        {"X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest"}
    });

var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
context.SetupGet(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object);

var controller = new YourController();
controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(context.Object, new RouteData(), controller);
更新一下:
用Mock Request.Headers["X-Requested-With"] or Request["X-Requested-With"] 替换掉 Request.IsAjaxRequest()

回复:==========
我执行后又出现这个信息:"The Type argument for method 'ISetupGetter<T, TProperty>Moq.Mock<T>.SetupGet<Tpropert>.... cannot be infered from uage. Try specifying the type arguments explicitly.:('ISetupGetter<T, TProperty>Moq.Mock<T>.SetupGet<Tpropert>.... 中的参数类型不明确,请显示声明参数的类型)要想把这个错误解决的话我应该怎么写"var request="这一句呢？

更新一下我的问题-是Request.IsAjaxRequest()并非Request.IsAjaxRequest 把你的问题也更新一下吧.

仍然生成:Exception System.ArgumentException: System.ArgumentException : Invalid setup on a non-overridable member: x => x.IsAjaxRequest() at Moq.Mock.ThrowIfCantOverride(Expression setup, MethodInfo methodInfo)

问题是 那个IsAjaxRequest() 是个静态扩展方法是不能被mocked的我已经更了我的回答。

是不是这样写呢context.SetupGet(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object); 你上面那个方法在Returen的时候少一个字母's';所以会有 Exception System.ArgumentException: System.ArgumentException : Invalid 中的X没有被重构 这里x => x.Headers["X-Requested-With"]；结果就会抛出 (Expression setup, MethodInfo methodInfo) 这个错误信息.

# 1 level
你只需要伪造一个HttpContextBase 把它引入到你的Controller中就可以了像这样:
controller.ControllerContext =
new ControllerContext(mockedHttpContext, new RouteData(), controller);
现在你看到了如何伪造这些Form conllection，刚好和你的标题有点相似:Mocking the HttpRequest in ASP.NET MVC

mockedHttpContext 需要什么才能仿造呢？好像就是这个HttpContextBase() 吧。而HttpContextBase() 又是不能接受零个参数的.

用mocking framework为什么不能变向的来间接构建呢？

我这样试了一下:var mocks = new MockRepository(); var mockedhttpContext = mocks.DynamicMock<HttpContextBase>(); var mockedHttpRequest = mocks.DynamicMock<HttpRequestBase>(); SetupResult.For(mockedhttpContext.Request).Return(mockedHttpRequest); var controller = new HomeController(Repository, LoginInfoProvider); controller.ControllerContext = new mockedhttpContext, new RouteData(), controller); var result = controller.Index() as ViewResult;
不过好像还是有相同的错误.

# 0 level
AjaxRequest 不是一个扩展方法吗，所以用Rhino 的mock 可以这样写:
protected HttpContextBase BuildHttpContextStub(bool isAjaxRequest)
    {
        var httpRequestBase = MockRepository.GenerateStub<HttpRequestBase>();   
        if (isAjaxRequest)
        {
            httpRequestBase.Stub(r => r["X-Requested-With"]).Return("XMLHttpRequest");
        }

        var httpContextBase = MockRepository.GenerateStub<HttpContextBase>();
        httpContextBase.Stub(c => c.Request).Return(httpRequestBase);

        return httpContextBase;
    }

    // Build controller
    ....
    controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(BuildHttpContextStub(true), new RouteData(), controller);