java8 .stream().filter() 代替for循环 lambda表达式

先说一下lambda表达式：

lambda 表达式的语法格式如下：

(parameters) -> expression 

(parameters) ->{ statements; } //或者这种

Lambda 表达式的简单例子:

// 1. 不需要参数,返回值为 5  
() -> 5  
  
// 2. 接收一个参数(数字类型),返回其2倍的值  
x -> 2 * x  
  
// 3. 接受2个参数(数字),并返回他们的差值  
(x, y) -> x – y  
  
// 4. 接收2个int型整数,返回他们的和  
(int x, int y) -> x + y  
  
// 5. 接受一个 string 对象,并在控制台打印,不返回任何值(看起来像是返回void)  
(String s) -> System.out.print(s)

再说一下list.stream().filter()：

Employee.java

public class Employee {
	private Integer id;
	private Integer age;
	private String gender;
	private String firstName;
	private String lastName;

	public Employee(Integer id, Integer age, String gender, String fName, String lName) {
		this.id = id;
		this.age = age;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.firstName = fName;
		this.lastName = lName;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return this.id.toString() + " - " + this.age.toString()+"\n";
	}

	//get,set省略...
}

TestEmployeePredicates.java

public class TestEmployeePredicates {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Employee e1 = new Employee(1, 23, "M", "Rick", "Beethovan");
		Employee e2 = new Employee(2, 13, "F", "Martina", "Hengis");
		Employee e3 = new Employee(3, 43, "M", "Ricky", "Martin");
		Employee e4 = new Employee(4, 26, "M", "Jon", "Lowman");
		Employee e5 = new Employee(5, 19, "F", "Cristine", "Maria");
		Employee e6 = new Employee(6, 15, "M", "David", "Feezor");
		Employee e7 = new Employee(7, 68, "F", "Melissa", "Roy");
		Employee e8 = new Employee(8, 79, "M", "Alex", "Gussin");
		Employee e9 = new Employee(9, 15, "F", "Neetu", "Singh");
		Employee e10 = new Employee(10, 45, "M", "Naveen", "Jain");

		List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<Employee>();
		employees.addAll(Arrays.asList(new Employee[] { e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, e10 }));

		//代码如下
    }	
}

1.输出符合表达式的每一个对象

employees.stream().filter(p -> p.getAge() > 21).forEach(System.out::println);
//输出每一个对象

2.返回一个符合表达式的集合

employees.stream().filter(predicate).collect(Collectors.<Employee>toList());
//返回一个集合

3.返回符合表达式的集合的第一个对象

employees.stream().filter(p -> p.getAge() > 21).findFirst();

4.抽取对象中所有的id的集合

employees.stream().map(Employee::getId).collect(Collectors.toList());