Flex Spark皮肤定制

Flex3到Flex4,增加了Spark组件,这是Flex的一次重要升级,基本上组件全部重写了一套,为了保持向下兼容,出现了同一组件两套实现并存的现象,虽然说Spark组件中也可嵌入MX组件,但实际使用常会遇到些小麻烦,例如mx:Tree滚动条异常,透明背景无法监听鼠标事件等等,如果你使用定制的组件,写法稍有不规范,就会出现Spark下显示异常,比如之前定制的TWaver圆角文本输入框就是如此,不得不在Spark下重新实现。

Spark与MX组件的区别

Spark最大的目的或许是方便Adobe兜售它的Flash Catalyst,当然这是个玩笑,Spark组件更加轻量,更易扩展。所有的Flex组件都从UIComponent继承,Spark组件也是如此,只不过它多了一层包装,从SkinnableComponent继承。MX中每个组件对应一个类,在Spark体系中,每个组件对应两个类,一个Component类,一个Skin类,例如按钮组件对应:spark.components.Button和spark.skins.spark.ButtonSkin,这种设计实现了组件行为逻辑与视图呈现的分离,就像将程序员和美工的工作分开一样,这也是MVC思想的产物。
Flex 3与Flex4的区别详见:
Differences between Flex 3 and Flex 4
what is difference in halo and spark in Flex3 and Flex4

Spark组件外观定制

前面提到Flash Catalyst,这就是Adobe提供的组件外观可视化编辑工具,这个工具主要针对美工、设计师,对于习惯于写代码的程序员们也可以使用Flash Builder 4+来定制组件。
回到实际问题,之前我定制的圆角文本输入框在Spark框架下出现了问题,我决定将其改造,使用定制组件Skin的方式实现圆角文本输入框。

定制圆角文本输入框
需求与分析

我的需求很简单,文本框带圆角,其内放个图标,如同mac osx的搜索框。实现思路也很清晰,给矩形增加圆角,再多放个icon,定好位置,做好布局……

定义组件类

开始动手,按Spark组件定制的步骤,先定义组件类,再定义外观类。
组件类描述组件的行为和属性,这里我们定义一个CustomTextInput.as,继承于spark.components.TextInput,组件行为不需要特别定义,这里只是增加两个样式:icon和radius,分别表示图标和圆角半径,而具体的呈现将在Skin类中实现。

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package component{
    import skin.CustomTextInputSkin;
    import spark.components.TextInput;
    [Style(name= "icon" , inherit= "no" , type= "Object" )]
    [Style(name= "radius" , inherit= "true" , type= "Number" )]
    public class CustomTextInput extends TextInput{
        [Embed(source= "/images/search.png" )]
        private const defaultIcon:Class;
        public function CustomTextInput(){
            super ();
            this .setStyle( 'icon' , defaultIcon);
            this .setStyle( 'radius' , 10 );
            this .setStyle( "skinClass" , CustomTextInputSkin);
        }
    }
}

定义外观类外观类描述组件的呈现,这里我们按Flash Builder提示创建MXML Skin,选择名称为CustomTextInputSkin,设置Host component为component.CustomTextInput, 完成向导,自动生成文件CustomTextInputSkin.mxml



生成的文件实际上是默认TextInputSkin的复本,找到下面的片段:

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<!-- border -->
<!--- @private -->
<s:Rect left= "0" right= "0" top= "0" bottom= "0" id= "border" >
     <s:stroke>
         <!--- @private -->
         <s:SolidColorStroke id= "borderStroke" weight= "1" />
     </s:stroke>
</s:Rect>
<!-- fill -->
<!--- Defines the appearance of the TextInput component's background. -->
<s:Rect id= "background" left= "1" right= "1" top= "1" bottom= "1" >
     <s:fill>
         <!--- @private Defines the background fill color. -->
         <s:SolidColor id= "bgFill" color= "0xFFFFFF" />
     </s:fill>
</s:Rect>
<!-- shadow -->
<!--- @private -->
<s:Rect left= "1" top= "1" right= "1" height= "1" id= "shadow" >
     <s:fill>
         <s:SolidColor color= "0x000000" alpha= "0.12" />
     </s:fill>
</s:Rect>
<!-- text -->
<!--- @copy spark.components.supportClasses.SkinnableTextBase #textDisplay -->
<s:RichEditableText id= "textDisplay"
           verticalAlign= "middle"
           widthInChars= "10"
           left= "1" right= "1" top= "1" bottom= "1" />

其中边框,填充,阴影,文本框都有对应的块,分别对边框、填充、阴影添加圆角,并在文本块增加了图片组件,修改如下:

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  <!-- border -->
   <!--- @private -->
   <s:Rect left= "0" right= "0" top= "0" bottom= "0" id= "border" radiusX= "{hostComponent.getStyle('radius')}" radiusY= "{hostComponent.getStyle('radius')}" >
       <s:stroke>
           <!--- @private -->
           <s:SolidColorStroke id= "borderStroke" weight= "1" />
       </s:stroke>
   </s:Rect>
   <!-- fill -->
   <!--- Defines the appearance of the TextInput component 's background. -->
   <s:Rect id="background" left="1" right="1" top="1" bottom="1" radiusX="{hostComponent.getStyle(' radius ')}" radiusY="{hostComponent.getStyle(' radius ')}" >
       <s:fill>
           <!--- @private Defines the background fill color. -->
           <s:SolidColor id="bgFill" color="0xFFFFFF" />
       </s:fill>
   </s:Rect>
   <!-- shadow -->
   <!--- @private -->
   <s:Rect left="1" top="1" right="1" height="1" id="shadow" radiusX="{hostComponent.getStyle(' radius ')}" radiusY="{hostComponent.getStyle(' radius ')}" >
       <s:fill>
           <s:SolidColor color="0x000000" alpha="0.12" />
       </s:fill>
   </s:Rect>
   <s:HGroup id="textGroup" gap="0" height="100%" paddingLeft="4" paddingRight="4">
    <!-- icon -->
    <s:Image id="icon" includeIn="normal" x="0" y="0" source="{hostComponent.getStyle(' icon')}" verticalAlign= "middle" height= "100%" />
    <!-- text -->
    <!--- @copy spark.components.supportClasses.SkinnableTextBase #textDisplay -->
    <s:RichEditableText id= "textDisplay"
                        verticalAlign= "middle"
                        widthInChars= "10"
                        left= "1" right= "1" top= "1" bottom= "1"  height= "100%" />
</s:HGroup>

使用运行测试定制的组件,代码如下:

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<s:Application xmlns:fx= "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009"
               xmlns:s= "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark"
               xmlns:mx= "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx"
               xmlns:component= "component.*"  >
    <s:VGroup paddingLeft= "20" paddingTop= "20" >
        <s:TextInput />
        <component:CustomTextInput  />
        <component:CustomTextInput  radius= "12" icon= "images/device.png" text= "ABC Test ... hohoho" editable= "false" />
    </s:VGroup>
</s:Application>
运行界面

代码下载

CustomComponentSkinSource.zip

注意

此代码使用的Flex SDK 4.5编译,需要在Flash Player 10.2+运行,当然你也可以稍微改造一下代码,使其兼容Flex SDK 4.0,如图标改s:Image为mx:Image:

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<!-- icon -->
<mx:Image id= "icon" x= "0" y= "0" source= "{hostComponent.getStyle('icon')}" verticalAlign= "middle" height= "100%" />

参考文档

http://www.unitedmindset.com/jonbcampos/2010/03/21/new-spark-skinning-workflow/
http://www.slideshare.net/danorlando/creating-custom-spark-components-in-flex-4
http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flex/videotraining/exercises/ex5_06.html

 

 

zhuanzi :http://www.cnblogs.com/twaver/archive/2011/07/21/2112824.html

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