class_eval,class_exec,instance_eval,instance_exec

原文出处http://blog.58share.com/?p=370

class_eval

class_eval的调用者是类，在class_eval的block的内部，self既是该类自己

1	class A; end

2

a = A.new

3

4	# block self is himself

5	A.class_eval do

6	puts self  # => A

7

end

8

9	# instance_method  动态生成实例方法

10	A.class_eval do

11

def demo

12

puts 'aa'

13

end

14

end

15

a.demo

16

17	A.class_eval do

18	# instance method

19	define_method :mymethod do

20	puts 'mymethod'

21

end

22

23	# class method

24	define_singleton_method :singletion_method do

25	puts 'singletion_method'

26

end

27

28	# compatibility for 1.9.3 1.8.3

29	# 类class本身也是Class类的一个实例

30	(class << self

31	self  # #<Class:A> A instance..

32	end).instance_eval do

33	puts self  # #<Class:A> A instance

34	define_method :compatibility do

35	puts 'compatibility'

36

end

37

end

38

end

39

40	a.mymethod  # => mymethod

41	A.singletion_method # => singletion_method

42	A.compatibility # => compatibility

class_exec

class_exec和class_eval都是执行block，放入当前class/module环境中执行，定义实例方法

instance_eval

instance_eval 的调用者为实例instance,在instance_eval内部调用者既是调用者本身

1	class A; end

2

a = A.new

3	a.instance_eval do

4	self  # => a

5	# current class => a's singleton class

6	def method1

7	puts 'this is a singleton method of instance a'

8

end

9

end

10

a.method1

11	#=> this is a singleton method of instance

12

13	# 类class本身也是Class类的一个实例

14

class A

15

end

16

17	A.instance_eval do

18	self  # => A

19	# current class => A's singleton class

20	def method1

21	puts 'this is a singleton method of class A'

22

end

23

end

24

25	A.method1 #=> this is a singleton method of class A

instance_exec

instance_exec的执行环境在singleton_class下

查看源代码

打印 帮助

1

class App

2	def self.helper(name, &block)

3	define_method(name) do |*args|

4	instance_exec(*args, &block)

5

end

6

end

7

end

8

9	App.helper(:foo) {|bar| p bar}

10	App.new.foo('bar')

reference: http://ruby-china.org/topics/2442