A Stargazer Cheatsheet

Updated 06 May, 2016

• Dataset: dplyr and nycflights13
• Quick notes
  • HTML formatting
• The default summary statistics table
  • Remove row and column names
  • Change which statistics are displayed
  • Change which statistics are displayed (a second way)
  • Remove logical variables in the summary statistics
  • Flip the table axes
• The default regression table
• Change the style
• Labelling the table
  • Add a title; change the variable labels
  • Exclude the dependent variable label or the model numbers
  • Change the column names
  • Apply a label to more than one column
  • Model names
  • Model names (again)
  • Add a custom row to the reported statistics
  • Include R object names
• Change the default output
  • Report t-statistics or p-values instead of standard errors
  • Report confidence intervals
  • Adjust the confidence intervals
  • Robust standard errors (replicating Stata’s robust option)
  • Move the intercept term to the top of the table
  • Compress the table output
• Omit parts of the default output
  • Reporting omitted variables
  • Omit summary statistics
  • Omit whole parts of the table
  • Omit whole parts of the table (a second way)
  • Omit the degrees of freedom
• Statistical significance options
  • Change the cutoffs for significance
• Modifying table notes
  • Make an addition to the existing note section
  • Replace the note section
  • Change note alignment
  • Change the note section label
• Table aesthetics
  • Use html tags to modify table elements
  • Change decimal character
  • Control the number of decimal places
  • Additional decimal controls
  • Drop leading zeros from decimals
  • Change the order of the variables
  • Select which variables to keep in the table
• Feedback

Dataset: dplyr and nycflights13

Setting up a dataset for this cheatsheet allows me to spotlight two recent R packages created by Hadley Wickham. The first, dplyr, is a set of new tools for data manipulation. Using dplyr, I will extract flights and weather data from another new package called nycflights13. With this data I will show how to estimate a couple of regression models and nicely format the results into tables with stargazer.

Note: stargazer v. 5.1 does not play nicely with dplyr’s tbl_df class. As a temporary work-around I pipe the merged dataset todata.frame.

library("dplyr")
library("nycflights13")
library("AER") # Applied Econometrics with R
library("stargazer")

daily <- flights %>%
  filter(origin == "EWR") %>%
  group_by(year, month, day) %>%
  summarise(delay = mean(dep_delay, na.rm = TRUE))

daily_weather <- weather %>%
  filter(origin == "EWR") %>%
  group_by(year, month, day) %>%
  summarise(temp   = mean(temp, na.rm = TRUE),
            wind   = mean(wind_speed, na.rm = TRUE),
            precip = sum(precip, na.rm = TRUE))

# Merge flights with weather data frames
both <- inner_join(daily, daily_weather) %>% 
  data.frame()  # Temporary fix

# Create an indicator for quarter
both$quarter <- cut(both$month, breaks = c(0, 3, 6, 9, 12), 
                                labels = c("1", "2", "3", "4"))

# Create a vector of class logical
both$hot <- as.logical(both$temp > 85)

head(both)

##   year month day     delay    temp      wind precip quarter   hot
## 1 2013     1   1 17.483553 38.4800 12.758648      0       1 FALSE
## 2 2013     1   2 25.322674 28.8350 12.514732      0       1 FALSE
## 3 2013     1   3  8.450450 29.4575  7.863663      0       1 FALSE
## 4 2013     1   4 12.103858 33.4775 13.857309      0       1 FALSE
## 5 2013     1   5  5.696203 36.7325 10.836512      0       1 FALSE
## 6 2013     1   6 12.383333 37.9700  8.007511      0       1 FALSE

We can use the both data frame to estimate a couple of linear models predicting the average delay out of Newark controlling for the weather. The first model will use only the weather variables and in the second I’ll add dummy variables indicating the quarter. I also estimate a third model, using using the ivreg command from package AER to demonstrate output with mixed models. The raw R output:

output  <- lm(delay ~ temp + wind + precip, data = both)
output2 <- lm(delay ~ temp + wind + precip + quarter, data = both)

# Instrumental variables model 
output3 <- ivreg(delay ~ temp + wind + precip | . - temp + hot, data = both)

summary(output)

## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = delay ~ temp + wind + precip, data = both)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -26.201  -8.497  -3.533   4.708  75.727 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  7.26298    3.09879   2.344   0.0196 *  
## temp         0.08808    0.04068   2.165   0.0310 *  
## wind         0.16648    0.16392   1.016   0.3105    
## precip      18.91805    3.24948   5.822 1.29e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 13.25 on 360 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.09693,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.0894 
## F-statistic: 12.88 on 3 and 360 DF,  p-value: 5.19e-08

summary(output2)

## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = delay ~ temp + wind + precip + quarter, data = both)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -26.927  -8.740  -3.937   5.181  74.631 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  6.14163    3.53599   1.737  0.08327 .  
## temp         0.18396    0.06856   2.683  0.00763 ** 
## wind         0.11445    0.16357   0.700  0.48459    
## precip      18.16739    3.22973   5.625 3.75e-08 ***
## quarter2    -2.26471    2.66038  -0.851  0.39519    
## quarter3    -7.52596    3.22585  -2.333  0.02020 *  
## quarter4    -4.75737    2.10380  -2.261  0.02434 *  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 13.12 on 357 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.1218, Adjusted R-squared:  0.107 
## F-statistic: 8.253 on 6 and 357 DF,  p-value: 2.221e-08

summary(output3)

## 
## Call:
## ivreg(formula = delay ~ temp + wind + precip | . - temp + hot, 
##     data = both)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -25.739  -8.929  -3.834   5.015  74.767 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  10.7297     9.1384   1.174    0.241    
## temp          0.0342     0.1397   0.245    0.807    
## wind          0.1157     0.2070   0.559    0.577    
## precip       18.8775     3.2589   5.793 1.51e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 13.28 on 360 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-Squared: 0.09253, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08496 
## Wald test: 11.28 on 3 and 360 DF,  p-value: 4.326e-07

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Quick notes

Since I’m using knitr and R markdown to create this webpage, in the code that follows I will include the stargazer option type = "html".stargazer is set to produce LaTeX output by default. If you desire LaTeX output, just remove the type option from the code below.

Also, while I have added an example for many of the available stargazer options, I have not included all of them. So while you’re likely to find a relevant example don’t assume if it’s not listed that stargazer can’t do it. Check the documentation for additional features and updates to the package. It is often the case that an omitted argument is specific for LaTeX output and I can’t demonstrate it here.

HTML formatting

It is possible to change the formatting of html tables generated with stargazer via an html style sheet. See the R Markdown documentation about incorporating a custom CSS.

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The default summary statistics table

stargazer(both, type = "html")

Statistic	N	Mean	St. Dev.	Min	Max
year	364	2,013.000	0.000	2,013	2,013
month	364	6.511	3.445	1	12
day	364	15.679	8.784	1	31
delay	364	15.080	13.883	-1.349	97.771
temp	364	55.481	17.581	15.492	91.168
wind	364	9.339	4.363	2.014	55.669
precip	364	0.073	0.214	0.000	1.890
hot	364	0.022	0.147	0	1

When supplied a data frame, by default stargazer creates a table with summary statistics. If the summary option is set to FALSE then stargazer will instead print the contents of the data frame.

# Use only a few rows
both2 <- both %>% slice(1:6)

stargazer(both2, type = "html", summary = FALSE, rownames = FALSE)

year	month	day	delay	temp	wind	precip	quarter	hot
2,013	1	1	17.484	38.480	12.759	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	2	25.323	28.835	12.515	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	3	8.450	29.457	7.864	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	4	12.104	33.477	13.857	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	5	5.696	36.733	10.837	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	6	12.383	37.970	8.008	0	1	FALSE

Remove row and column names

stargazer(both2, type = "html", summary = FALSE,
          rownames = FALSE,
          colnames = FALSE)

2,013	1	1	17.484	38.480	12.759	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	2	25.323	28.835	12.515	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	3	8.450	29.457	7.864	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	4	12.104	33.477	13.857	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	5	5.696	36.733	10.837	0	1	FALSE
2,013	1	6	12.383	37.970	8.008	0	1	FALSE

Change which statistics are displayed

In order to customize which summary statistics are displayed, change any of the the following (logical) parameters, nobs, mean.sd,min.max, median, and iqr.

stargazer(both, type = "html", nobs = FALSE, mean.sd = TRUE, median = TRUE,
          iqr = TRUE)

Statistic	Mean	St. Dev.	Min	Pctl(25)	Median	Pctl(75)	Max
year	2,013.000	0.000	2,013	2,013	2,013	2,013	2,013
month	6.511	3.445	1	4	7	9.2	12
day	15.679	8.784	1	8	16	23	31
delay	15.080	13.883	-1.349	5.446	10.501	20.007	97.771
temp	55.481	17.581	15.492	39.873	56.960	71.570	91.168
wind	9.339	4.363	2.014	6.557	8.847	11.556	55.669
precip	0.073	0.214	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.020	1.890
hot	0.022	0.147	0	0	0	0	1

Change which statistics are displayed (a second way)

stargazer(both, type = "html", summary.stat = c("n", "p75", "sd"))

Statistic	N	Pctl(75)	St. Dev.
year	364	2,013	0.000
month	364	9.2	3.445
day	364	23	8.784
delay	364	20.007	13.883
temp	364	71.570	17.581
wind	364	11.556	4.363
precip	364	0.020	0.214
hot	364	0	0.147

Remove logical variables in the summary statistics

stargazer reports summary statistics for logical variables by default (0 = FALSE and 1 = TRUE). To supress the reporting of logical vectors change summary.logical to FALSE. Note the stats for our vector hot are gone.

stargazer(both, type = "html", summary.logical = FALSE)

Statistic	N	Mean	St. Dev.	Min	Max
year	364	2,013.000	0.000	2,013	2,013
month	364	6.511	3.445	1	12
day	364	15.679	8.784	1	31
delay	364	15.080	13.883	-1.349	97.771
temp	364	55.481	17.581	15.492	91.168
wind	364	9.339	4.363	2.014	55.669
precip	364	0.073	0.214	0.000	1.890

Flip the table axes

stargazer(both, type = "html", flip = TRUE)

Statistic	year	month	day	delay	temp	wind	precip	hot
N	364	364	364	364	364	364	364	364
Mean	2,013.000	6.511	15.679	15.080	55.481	9.339	0.073	0.022
St. Dev.	0.000	3.445	8.784	13.883	17.581	4.363	0.214	0.147
Min	2,013	1	1	-1.349	15.492	2.014	0.000	0
Max	2,013	12	31	97.771	91.168	55.669	1.890	1

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The default regression table

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

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Change the style

stargazer includes several pre-formatted styles that imitate popular academic journals. Use the style argument.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", style = "qje")

	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
N	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Notes:	***Significant at the 1 percent level.
	**Significant at the 5 percent level.
	*Significant at the 10 percent level.

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Labelling the table

Add a title; change the variable labels

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          title            = "These are awesome results!",
          covariate.labels = c("Temperature", "Wind speed", "Rain (inches)",
                               "2nd quarter", "3rd quarter", "Fourth quarter"),
          dep.var.caption  = "A better caption",
          dep.var.labels   = "Flight delay (in minutes)")

These are awesome results!

	A better caption
	Flight delay (in minutes)
	(1)	(2)
Temperature	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
Wind speed	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
Rain (inches)	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
2nd quarter		-2.265
		(2.660)
3rd quarter		-7.526**
		(3.226)
Fourth quarter		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Exclude the dependent variable label or the model numbers

Note the dependent variable caption stays. To additionally remove the caption add dep.var.caption = "".

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          dep.var.labels.include = FALSE,
          model.numbers          = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Change the column names

To change the column names just supply a character vector with the new labels, as shown below.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", column.labels = c("Good", "Better"))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	Good	Better
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Apply a label to more than one column

The option column.separate allows for assigning a label to more than one column. In this example I told stargazer to report each regression twice, for a total of four columns. Using column.separate, stargazer now applies the first label to the first two columns and the second label to the next two columns.

stargazer(output, output, output2, output2, type = "html", 
          column.labels   = c("Good", "Better"),
          column.separate = c(2, 2))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	Good		Better
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
temp	0.088**	0.088**	0.184***	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.041)	(0.069)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.166	0.114	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.918***	18.167***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.249)	(3.230)	(3.230)
quarter2			-2.265	-2.265
			(2.660)	(2.660)
quarter3			-7.526**	-7.526**
			(3.226)	(3.226)
quarter4			-4.757**	-4.757**
			(2.104)	(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	7.263**	6.142*	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.099)	(3.536)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364	364	364
R2	0.097	0.097	0.122	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.089	0.107	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Model names

When the results from different types of regression models (e.g., “OLS”, “probit”) are displayed in the same table stargazer adds a row indicating model type. Remove these labels by including model.names = FALSE (not shown).

stargazer(output, output2, output3, type = "html")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	OLS		instrumental
			variable
	(1)	(2)	(3)
temp	0.088**	0.184***	0.034
	(0.041)	(0.069)	(0.140)
wind	0.166	0.114	0.116
	(0.164)	(0.164)	(0.207)
precip	18.918***	18.167***	18.877***
	(3.249)	(3.230)	(3.259)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*	10.730
	(3.099)	(3.536)	(9.138)
Observations	364	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122	0.093
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107	0.085
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)	13.280 (df = 360)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Model names (again)

The example above shows the default behavior of stargazer is to display only one model name (and dependent variable caption) for adjacent columns with the same model type. To repeat these labels for all of the columns, do the following:

stargazer(output, output2, output3, type = "html",
          multicolumn = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay	delay	delay
	OLS	OLS	instrumental
			variable
	(1)	(2)	(3)
temp	0.088**	0.184***	0.034
	(0.041)	(0.069)	(0.140)
wind	0.166	0.114	0.116
	(0.164)	(0.164)	(0.207)
precip	18.918***	18.167***	18.877***
	(3.249)	(3.230)	(3.259)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*	10.730
	(3.099)	(3.536)	(9.138)
Observations	364	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122	0.093
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107	0.085
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)	13.280 (df = 360)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Add a custom row to the reported statistics

I use this example to show how to add a row(s), such as reporting fixed effects.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          add.lines = list(c("Fixed effects?", "No", "No"),
                           c("Results believable?", "Maybe", "Try again later")))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Fixed effects?	No	No
Results believable?	Maybe	Try again later
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Include R object names

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          object.names = TRUE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
	output	output2
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Back to table of contents

Change the default output

Report t-statistics or p-values instead of standard errors

Standard errors are reported by default. To report the t-statistics or p-values instead, see the report argument. Notice that I’ve used this option to move the star characters to the t-statistics instead of being next to the coefficients.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          report = "vct*")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088	0.184
	t = 2.165**	t = 2.683***
wind	0.166	0.114
	t = 1.016	t = 0.700
precip	18.918	18.167
	t = 5.822***	t = 5.625***
quarter2		-2.265
		t = -0.851
quarter3		-7.526
		t = -2.333**
quarter4		-4.757
		t = -2.261**
Constant	7.263	6.142
	t = 2.344**	t = 1.737*
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Report confidence intervals

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          ci = TRUE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.008, 0.168)	(0.050, 0.318)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(-0.155, 0.488)	(-0.206, 0.435)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(12.549, 25.287)	(11.837, 24.498)
quarter2		-2.265
		(-7.479, 2.950)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(-13.849, -1.203)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(-8.881, -0.634)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(1.189, 13.337)	(-0.789, 13.072)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Adjust the confidence intervals

By default ci.level = 0.95. You may also change the character that separates the intervals with the ci.separator argument.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          ci = TRUE, ci.level = 0.90, ci.separator = " @@ ")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.021 @@ 0.155)	(0.071 @@ 0.297)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(-0.103 @@ 0.436)	(-0.155 @@ 0.384)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(13.573 @@ 24.263)	(12.855 @@ 23.480)
quarter2		-2.265
		(-6.641 @@ 2.111)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(-12.832 @@ -2.220)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(-8.218 @@ -1.297)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(2.166 @@ 12.360)	(0.325 @@ 11.958)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Robust standard errors (replicating Stata’s robust option)

If you want to use robust standard errors (or clustered), stargazer allows for replacing the default output by supplying a new vector of values to the option se. For this example I will display the same model twice and adjust the standard errors in the second column with theHC1 correction from the sandwich package (i.e. the same correction Stata uses).

I also need to adjust the F statistic with the corrected variance-covariance matrix (matching Stata’s results). Currently, this must be done manually (via add.lines) as stargazer does not (yet) have an option for directly replacing the F statistic.

Similar options exist to supply adjusted values to the coefficients, t-statistics, confidence intervals, and p-values. See coef, t, ci.custom, or p.

library(sandwich)
library(lmtest)   # waldtest; see also coeftest.

# Adjust standard errors
cov1         <- vcovHC(output, type = "HC1")
robust_se    <- sqrt(diag(cov1))

# Adjust F statistic 
wald_results <- waldtest(output, vcov = cov1)

stargazer(output, output, type = "html",
          se        = list(NULL, robust_se),
          omit.stat = "f",
          add.lines = list(c("F Statistic (df = 3; 360)", "12.879***", "7.73***")))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.088**
	(0.041)	(0.043)
wind	0.166	0.166
	(0.164)	(0.159)
precip	18.918***	18.918***
	(3.249)	(4.735)
Constant	7.263**	7.263**
	(3.099)	(3.053)
F Statistic (df = 3; 360)	12.879***	7.73***
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.097
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.089
Residual Std. Error (df = 360)	13.248	13.248
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Move the intercept term to the top of the table

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          intercept.bottom = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Compress the table output

We can condense the table output by placing all the the output on the same row. When single.row is set to TRUE, the argumentno.space is automatically set to TRUE.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html",
          single.row = TRUE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088** (0.041)	0.184*** (0.069)
wind	0.166 (0.164)	0.114 (0.164)
precip	18.918*** (3.249)	18.167*** (3.230)
quarter2		-2.265 (2.660)
quarter3		-7.526** (3.226)
quarter4		-4.757** (2.104)
Constant	7.263** (3.099)	6.142* (3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Back to table of contents

Omit parts of the default output

In fixed effect model specifications it is often undesirable to report the fixed effect coefficients. To omit any coefficient, supply a regular expression to omit.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", omit = "quarter")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Reporting omitted variables

Add the omit.labels parameter to report which variables have been omitted. Must be the same length as the number of regular expressions supplied to omit. By default omit.labels reports “Yes” or “No”. To change this supply a new vector of length 2 toomit.yes.no = c("Yes", "No").

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          omit        = "quarter",
          omit.labels = "Quarter dummies?")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Quarter dummies?	No	No
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Omit summary statistics

## Remove r-square and f-statistic
stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          omit.stat = c("rsq", "f"))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

See also keep.stat a related argument with the opposite behavior.

Omit whole parts of the table

If you just want to remove parts of the table it is easier to use omit.table.layout to explicitly specify table elements. Seetable layout chracters for a list of codes.

# Remove statistics and notes sections completely
stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          omit.table.layout = "sn")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)

Omit whole parts of the table (a second way)

Another way to achieve the result above is through the argument table.layout. It also accepts a character string that tells stargazerwhich table elements to include.

# Include everything except the statistics and notes sections
stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          table.layout = "-ld#-t-")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)

Omit the degrees of freedom

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          df = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248	13.119
F Statistic	12.879***	8.253***
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Back to table of contents

Statistical significance options

By default stargazer uses ***, **, and * to denote statistical significance at the one, five, and ten percent levels. This behavior can be changed by altering the star.char option.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          star.char = c("@", "@@", "@@@"))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088@@	0.184@@@
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918@@@	18.167@@@
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526@@
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757@@
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263@@	6.142@
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879@@@ (df = 3; 360)	8.253@@@ (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Change the cutoffs for significance

Notice that temperature, quarter3, and quarter4 have each lost a gold star because we made it tougher to earn them.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          star.cutoffs = c(0.05, 0.01, 0.001)) # star.cutoffs = NULL by default

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088*	0.184**
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526*
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757*
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263*	6.142
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.05; p<0.01; p<0.001

Back to table of contents

Modifying table notes

Make an addition to the existing note section

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          notes = "I make this look good!")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01
	I make this look good!

Replace the note section

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          notes        = "Sometimes you just have to start over.", 
          notes.append = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	Sometimes you just have to start over.

Change note alignment

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          notes.align = "l")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Change the note section label

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          notes.label = "New note label")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
New note label	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Back to table of contents

Table aesthetics

Use html tags to modify table elements

# For LaTeX output you can also wrap table text in commands like \textbf{...}, 
# just remember to escape the first backslash, e.g., "A \\textbf{better} caption"

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          title = "These are <em> awesome </em> results!",  # Italics
          dep.var.caption  = "A <b> better </b> caption")   # Bold

These are awesome results!

	A better caption
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Change decimal character

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          decimal.mark = ",")

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0,088**	0,184***
	(0,041)	(0,069)
wind	0,166	0,114
	(0,164)	(0,164)
precip	18,918***	18,167***
	(3,249)	(3,230)
quarter2		-2,265
		(2,660)
quarter3		-7,526**
		(3,226)
quarter4		-4,757**
		(2,104)
Constant	7,263**	6,142*
	(3,099)	(3,536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0,097	0,122
Adjusted R2	0,089	0,107
Residual Std. Error	13,248 (df = 360)	13,119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12,879*** (df = 3; 360)	8,253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0,1; p<0,05; p<0,01

Control the number of decimal places

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          digits = 1)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.1**	0.2***
	(0.04)	(0.1)
wind	0.2	0.1
	(0.2)	(0.2)
precip	18.9***	18.2***
	(3.2)	(3.2)
quarter2		-2.3
		(2.7)
quarter3		-7.5**
		(3.2)
quarter4		-4.8**
		(2.1)
Constant	7.3**	6.1*
	(3.1)	(3.5)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.1	0.1
Adjusted R2	0.1	0.1
Residual Std. Error	13.2 (df = 360)	13.1 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.9*** (df = 3; 360)	8.3*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Additional decimal controls

You may also specify the number of additional decimal places to be used if a number, when rounded to digits decimal places, is equal to zero (Use argument digits.extra).

My example models do not have any numbers in the thousands, so I won’t show them, but digit.separate and digits.separator are also available for customizing the output of those characters.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          digits       = 1,
          digits.extra = 1)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	0.1**	0.2***
	(0.04)	(0.1)
wind	0.2	0.1
	(0.2)	(0.2)
precip	18.9***	18.2***
	(3.2)	(3.2)
quarter2		-2.3
		(2.7)
quarter3		-7.5**
		(3.2)
quarter4		-4.8**
		(2.1)
Constant	7.3**	6.1*
	(3.1)	(3.5)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.1	0.1
Adjusted R2	0.1	0.1
Residual Std. Error	13.2 (df = 360)	13.1 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.9*** (df = 3; 360)	8.3*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Drop leading zeros from decimals

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          initial.zero = FALSE)

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
temp	.088**	.184***
	(.041)	(.069)
wind	.166	.114
	(.164)	(.164)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	.097	.122
Adjusted R2	.089	.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Change the order of the variables

The order argument will also accept a vector of regular expressions.

stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          order = c(4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
quarter2		-2.265
		(2.660)
quarter3		-7.526**
		(3.226)
quarter4		-4.757**
		(2.104)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
wind	0.166	0.114
	(0.164)	(0.164)
temp	0.088**	0.184***
	(0.041)	(0.069)
Constant	7.263**	6.142*
	(3.099)	(3.536)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Select which variables to keep in the table

By default keep = NULL meaning all variables are included. keep accepts a vector of regular expressions.

# Regex for keep "precip" but not "precipitation"
stargazer(output, output2, type = "html", 
          keep = c("\\bprecip\\b"))

	Dependent variable:
	delay
	(1)	(2)
precip	18.918***	18.167***
	(3.249)	(3.230)
Observations	364	364
R2	0.097	0.122
Adjusted R2	0.089	0.107
Residual Std. Error	13.248 (df = 360)	13.119 (df = 357)
F Statistic	12.879*** (df = 3; 360)	8.253*** (df = 6; 357)
Note:	p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

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Feedback

The .Rmd file for this cheatsheet is on GitHub and I welcome suggestions or pull requests.

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