Dubbo的入门案例学习

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-26 17:12:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-26 17:12:37 发布

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文章标签： dubbo 学习 java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xn_xy19/article/details/126221536

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本文详细介绍了如何利用Dubbo和Nacos搭建分布式服务，包括服务提供者和消费者的环境配置、代码实现及配置文件设置。通过创建UserProvider和UserConsumer模块，实现了根据用户ID查询用户名的功能。最后提出了服务接口和domain模型的优化方案，将其抽取为独立模块并确保User对象序列化。

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需求：使用Dubbo构建分布式架构，完成根据用户id查询用户

1、服务提供者

1.1 搭建环境

（1）创建user-provider模块导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--dubbo的起步依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

（2）编写引导类

package cn.itcast.user;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@MapperScan("cn.itcast.user.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class UserProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserProviderApplication.class, args);
    }

}

1.2 代码实现

（1）UserServiceImpl

package cn.itcast.user.service;


import cn.itcast.user.api.UserService;
import cn.itcast.user.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

@DubboService
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    //根据id查询用户名称
    public String queryUsername(Long id) {
        return userMapper.findById(id).getUsername();
    }
}

1.3 配置文件

server:
  port: 18081
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dubbo-demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  application:
    name: user-provider
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS
dubbo:
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20881
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848
  scan:
    base-packages: cn.itcast.user.service

2、服务消费者

2.1 搭建环境

（1）创建user-consumer模块导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>


    <!--dubbo的起步依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

（2）配置引导类

package cn.itcast.user;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class UserConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

2.2 代码实现

package cn.itcast.user.controller;


import cn.itcast.user.api.UserService;
import cn.itcast.user.domain.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    //引用远程服务
    @DubboReference
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/username/1")
    public String findUserName(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return userService.queryUsername(id);
    }
}

2.3 配置文件

server:
  port: 18080
spring:
  application:
    name: user-consumer
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS
dubbo:
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848

3. 代码优化

将接口抽取为独立模块，并且把接口有关的domain都放到这个模块中

（1）创建user-api模块引入依赖

（2）将UserService接口和User对象导入user-api模块下

（3）User对象实现序列化接口

package cn.itcast.user.domain;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String address;
}