Bad Hair Day（单调栈）

Bad Hair Day

Time limit:2000 ms Memory limit:65536 kB

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Problem Description

Some of Farmer John's N cows (1 ≤ N ≤ 80,000) are having a bad hair day! Since each cow is self-conscious about her messy hairstyle, FJ wants to count the number of other cows that can see the top of other cows' heads.

Each cow i has a specified height hi (1 ≤ hi ≤ 1,000,000,000) and is standing in a line of cows all facing east (to the right in our diagrams). Therefore, cow i can see the tops of the heads of cows in front of her (namely cows i+1, i+2, and so on), for as long as these cows are strictly shorter than cow i.

Consider this example:

=
=       =
=   -   =         Cows facing right -->
=   =   =
= - = = =
= = = = = =
1 2 3 4 5 6 
Cow#1 can see the hairstyle of cows #2, 3, 4
Cow#2 can see no cow's hairstyle
Cow#3 can see the hairstyle of cow #4
Cow#4 can see no cow's hairstyle
Cow#5 can see the hairstyle of cow 6
Cow#6 can see no cows at all!

Let ci denote the number of cows whose hairstyle is visible from cow i; please compute the sum of c1 through cN.For this example, the desired is answer 3 + 0 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 = 5.

Input

Line 1: The number of cows, N. 
Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 contains a single integer that is the height of cow i.

Output

Line 1: A single integer that is the sum of c 1 through cN.

Sample Input

6
10
3
7
4
12
2

Sample Output

5

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Code：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;

typedef long long LL;
stack<int> s;

int main()
{
    int n;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
    {
        int h;
        LL ans=0;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&h);
            while(!s.empty()&&s.top()<=h)
            {
                s.pop();
            }
            ans+=s.size();
            s.push(h);
        }
        printf("%I64d\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}