狂神Mybatis学习重点笔记

夜斗小神社

于 2023-08-29 21:58:26 发布

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分类专栏：从零开始的java开发文章标签： mybatis 学习笔记

原文链接：https://space.bilibili.com/95256449

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好久没更新博文了，去年备考了一年研究生，然后顺利上岸辽，今年九月份就要读研究生学开发了，以前本科学了一点点数据分析和爬虫的皮毛，希望以后在研究生继续努力学习，研究生阶段主打学习开发，所以自己也是零基础学习，更新下自己学习笔记吧，师从狂神yyds!

一：MyBatis简介

MyBatis是一款优秀的持久层框架，支持sql定制化、存储过程以及高级映射、避免了JDBC的繁琐操作、同时可以使用XML或者注解来进行开发配置操作数据库。

为什么需要使用MyBatis
1.方便
2.JDBC太复杂
3.让数据存入数据库更高效
4.不用MyBatis也可以。更容易上手。

（一）：持久化

持久化：将数据在持久状态和瞬时状态进行转化的过程
内存：断点即失

为什么需要持久化？
有一些对象，不能让他丢掉；内存太贵；

（二）：持久层

完成持久化的代码块
层界限十分明显

二：MyBatis入门程序

思路：搭建环境->导入MaBatis->编写代码->测试

(一）：搭建数据库

create database `mybatiss`;

use `mybatiss`;

create table `user`(
	`id` int(20) not null primary key,
	`name` varchar(20) default null,
	`pwd` varchar(20) default null
)engine=INNODB default charset=utf8;

insert into `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES
(11,'狂神aaa','123456'),
(22,'狂神bbb','123356'),
(33,'狂神ccc','124456');

(二）：新建项目

1.新建一个普通的maven项目
2.删除src目录
3.导入maven依赖

 <!-- 导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.33</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>

        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

(三）：创建模块

编写mybatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 核心配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <!-- 全局属性设置 -->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatiss?userSSL=true&amp;userUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
</configuration>

编写mybatis工具类

//sqlSessionFactory
public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            // 使用Mybatis第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
//        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//        return sqlSession;
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

(四）：编写代码

实体类

package com.kuang.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Dao接口

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
}

接口实现类（由原来的UserDaoImpl转换为Mapeer配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace为映射的地址，也就是只有在这个接口中才能使用下边的内容-->
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.UserDao">
    <!-- id 外部为调用的名字 resultType 为和数据库表中映射的类名，parameterType就是传递进来的参数id的类型-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatiss.user
    </select>

</mapper>

(五）：测试

注意点：

org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface
com.kuang.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.

配置文件更新

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 核心配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <!-- 全局属性设置 -->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatiss?userSSL=true&amp;userUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="200248"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--每一个mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册 -->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

测试代码


public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){

        // 1: 获取SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        // getMapper: 执行SQL
        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        // 关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

maven资源导出依赖

    <!--maven的资源过滤问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

二：ResultMap结果集映射

新建一个pojo实体类，属性名和数据库字段不一致

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

测试出现问题

D:\tech\software\deve\bin\java.exe -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=57570:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1.1\lib\idea_rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1.1\plugins\junit\lib\junit5-rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1.1\plugins\junit\lib\junit-rt.jar;D:\tech\大数据\kuang\mabatispro\mabatis-03\target\test-classes;D:\tech\大数据\kuang\mabatispro\mabatis-03\target\classes;D:\tech\software\apache-maven-3.6.1\mvn_resp\com\mysql\mysql-connector-j\8.0.33\mysql-connector-j-8.0.33.jar;D:\tech\software\apache-maven-3.6.1\mvn_resp\com\google\protobuf\protobuf-java\3.21.9\protobuf-java-3.21.9.jar;D:\tech\software\apache-maven-3.6.1\mvn_resp\org\mybatis\mybatis\3.5.5\mybatis-3.5.5.jar;D:\tech\software\apache-maven-3.6.1\mvn_resp\junit\junit\4.12\junit-4.12.jar;D:\tech\software\apache-maven-3.6.1\mvn_resp\org\hamcrest\hamcrest-core\1.3\hamcrest-core-1.3.jar" com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter -ideVersion5 -junit4 com.kuang.dao.UserDaoTest,test
User{id=1, name='狂神1', password='null'}

Process finished with exit code 0

这里是引用
// select * from mybatiss.user where id = #{id}

    // select id,name,pwd as password from mybatiss.user where id = #{id}

解决办法

起别名

    <select id="getUserById" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        select id,name,pwd as password from mybatiss.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

（一）：ResultMap

结果集映射

数据库：    id name pwd 
User实体类：id name password

<!--    结果集映射-->
    <resultMap id="UserMap" type="User">
<!--        column数据库中的字段, property实体类中的属性-->
        <result column="id" property="id"/>
        <result column="name" property="name"/>
        <result column="pwd" property="password"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getUserById" resultMap="UserMap">
        select id,name,pwd from mybatiss.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

三：分页

为什么要分页？

减少数据的处理量

(一）：limit分页

语法：select * from user limit startIndex,pageSize

使用Mybatis实现分页，核心SQL
1.接口

    // 分页
    List<User> getUserBylimit(Map<String,Integer> map);

2.Mapper.xml

<!--    分页-->
    <select id="getUserBylimit" parameterType="map" resultType="user" resultMap="UserMap">
        select * from mybatiss.user limit #{startIndex},#{pageSize}
    </select>

3.测试

            HashMap<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("startIndex",0);
            map.put("pageSize",2);
            List<User> userlist = userDao.getUserBylimit(map);
            for (User user1 : userlist) {
                System.out.println(user1);
            }

(二）：RowBounds

接口

    List<User> getUserByRowBounds();

mapper

    <select id="getUserByRowBounds" resultMap="UserMap">
        select * from mybatiss.user
    </select>

测试

            // RowBounds实现
            RowBounds rowBounds = new RowBounds(1, 2);

            //通过java代码层面实现分页
            List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList("com.kuang.dao.UserMapper.getUserByRowBounds",null,rowBounds);
            for (User user1 : users) {
                System.out.println(user1);
            }

四：使用注解开发

（一）：面向接口编程

本质是反射机制实现，底层是动态代理

解耦

1.接口

    @Select("select * from user")
    List<User> getUsers();

2.配置文件绑定接口

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.kuang.dao.UserMapper"/>
    </mappers>

3.测试使用


             // 注解
            List<User> users2 = userDao.getUsers();
            for (User user1 : users2) {
                System.out.println(user1);
            }

四：多对一处理

按查询嵌套处理

    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
        select * from student
    </select>
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<!--        复杂的属性，单独处理-->
<!--        对象：association-->
<!--        集合：collection-->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>

按照结果嵌套处理

<!--    按照结果嵌套处理-->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="getStudent2">
        select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname 
        from student s,teacher t 
        where s.tid = t.id;
    </select>
    
    <resultMap id="getStudent2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        </association>
                
        
    </resultMap>

五：一对多处理

按照结果查询

<!--    按结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname ,t.name tname, t.id tid
        from student s, teacher t
        where s.tid = t.tid and t.id = #{tid}
    </select>
<!--    集合中的泛型信息使用ofType-->
    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher1">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        <collection property="student1s" ofType="Student1">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
            <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

按照查询嵌套处理


    <select id="getTeacher1" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher1">
        <collection property="student1s" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student1" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
        select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
    </select>