socket 中listen函数参数的解释

在写socket程序时,作为服务端t通常要使用listen来说明允许并发连接的个数,百度上对listen函数的说明为:

　#include <winsock.h>

　　int PASCAL FAR listen( SOCKET s, int backlog);

　　S：用于标识一个已捆绑未连接套接口的描述字。

　　backlog：等待连接队列的最大长度。

(详细解释,请看百度百科:http://baike.baidu.com/view/569204.htm)

listen()的第二个参数为等待连接队列的最大长度,其实这个的意思是说,在某一时刻(注意,是某一时刻)同时允许最多有backlog个客户端要和服务器端进行连接,而不是像有些人想的那样,只能允许backlog个服务端与客户端进行连接; 

下面是我写的一个例子,可以做很好的说明:

开发环境: VC6.0

server

// Socket_server.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.

//

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <winsock2.h>

#define PORT_SERVER 7777

#define NUM_CLIENTS 10

#define MAX_LENGTH  512

struct _socket_{

SOCKET socket_client;

};

_socket_ str_socket;

WORD g_ThreadCount = 0;

DWORD g_mythreadId = 0;

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lParam)

{

WORD threadCount = g_ThreadCount++;

printf("Server %d.\n",threadCount);

SOCKET sock_client = ((_socket_ *)lParam)->socket_client;

/* 设置发送/接受数据超时时间 

struct timeval t;

t.tv_sec = 1; //1 秒

//char nNetTimeout = 10;//1秒

setsockopt(sock_client,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char*)&t,sizeof(struct timeval));

setsockopt(sock_client,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char*)&t,sizeof(struct timeval));

*/

Sleep(50000);

//关闭socket

closesocket(sock_client);

return 0L;

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

printf("Start up tcp server.\n");

WSADATA wsaData;

WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 0);

int _error;

_error = WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData);

if ( _error != 0 )

{

printf("Failed to retrive socket version.\n");

return 0;

}

SOCKET sock_sev = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

if (INVALID_SOCKET == sock_sev)

{

printf("Invalid socket.\n");

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

SOCKADDR_IN addr_sev;

addr_sev.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

addr_sev.sin_family = AF_INET;

addr_sev.sin_port = htons(PORT_SERVER);

if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(sock_sev, (SOCKADDR *)&addr_sev, sizeof(SOCKADDR)))

{

printf("Failed to bind.\n");

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(sock_sev, NUM_CLIENTS)) //最多允许10个链接并发链接

{

printf("Failed to listen.\n");

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

SOCKADDR_IN addr_client;

int nAddrLen = sizeof(SOCKADDR);

HANDLE hThread = 0;

//for(int i = 0; i < NUM_CLIENTS; i++ )

while(true)

{

SOCKET sock_client;

sock_client = accept(sock_sev, (SOCKADDR *)&addr_client, &nAddrLen); //从tcp缓存中读取链接请求,然后进行处理

if( INVALID_SOCKET == sock_client )

{

printf("Failed to accept From Client.\n");

closesocket(sock_client);

continue;

}

str_socket.socket_client = sock_client;

hThread = ::CreateThread(NULL,   //起一个线程进行socket处理

0,

ThreadProc,

&str_socket,

0,

&g_mythreadId);

if( hThread != NULL)

{

CloseHandle(hThread);

hThread = NULL;

}

}

closesocket(sock_sev);

WSACleanup();

Sleep(50000);

system("pause");

return 0;

}

/client///

// Socket_client.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <winsock2.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#define PORT_SERVER 7777

#define MAX_LENGTH 512

#define CLIENTCOUNT 20

WORD g_ThreadCount = 0;

DWORD g_mythreadId = 0;

static UINT g_uCount = 0;

HANDLE hThread = 0;

//客户端,用来与服务端进行连接

//只与服务端进行连接,不与服务端进行通信

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lParam)

{

printf("Thread %d \n",g_uCount++);

WSADATA  wsaData;

WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2,0);

if( 0 != WSAStartup(sockVersion,&wsaData) )

{

printf("Failed to retrive socket version.\n");

return 0;

}

SOCKET sock_client = INVALID_SOCKET;

sock_client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);

if (INVALID_SOCKET == sock_client)

{

printf("Invalid socket. ErrorCode[%d]\n",WSAGetLastError());

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

SOCKADDR_IN addr_sev;

addr_sev.sin_family = AF_INET;

addr_sev.sin_port = htons(PORT_SERVER);

addr_sev.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");

if (SOCKET_ERROR == connect( sock_client, (SOCKADDR *)&addr_sev, sizeof(SOCKADDR)))

{

printf("Failed to connect. ErrorCode[%d]\n",WSAGetLastError());

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

Sleep(5000);

closesocket(sock_client);

WSACleanup();

return 0;

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

printf("Start up  Client!\n");

for(int i = 0; i < CLIENTCOUNT; i++)  //创建20个链

{

hThread = ::CreateThread(NULL,

0,

ThreadProc,

NULL,

0,

&g_mythreadId);

if( hThread != NULL)

{

CloseHandle(hThread);

hThread = NULL;

}

}

system("pause");

return 0;

}

虽然服务端在listen中设置了10，但是客户端的这20个链接都可以与服务端进行连接通信,因为这20个链接并不是在同一时刻发生的

转载自：http://blog.163.com/zhangjinqing1234@126/blog/static/30730260201010392119467/