[kubernetes]-二进制安装k8s1.18

导语：第一次安装记录一下大致步骤 方便自己后面操作。

服务器信息

角色	IP	组件
master	192.168.1.120	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，docker，etcd
node	192.168.1.121	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，docker，etcd
node	192.168.1.122	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，etcd

需要的部分安装包

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1VwU1eJl1qfvFMFRTOPUNAg 密码: ubvw

初始化环境

初始化脚本init.sh

# 初始化
init_security() {
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld &>/dev/null
setenforce 0
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ s/enforcing/disabled/'  /etc/selinux/config
sed -i '/^GSSAPIAu/ s/yes/no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/^#UseDNS/ {s/^#//;s/yes/no/}' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
systemctl enable sshd crond &> /dev/null
rpm -e postfix --nodeps
echo -e "\033[32m [安全配置] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
init_security

init_yumsource() {
if [ ! -d /etc/yum.repos.d/backup ];then
    mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
fi
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/backup 2>/dev/null
if ! ping -c2 www.baidu.com &>/dev/null    
then
    echo "您无法上外网，不能配置yum源"
    exit    
fi
    curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo &>/dev/null
    curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo &>/dev/null
    yum clean all
    timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
    echo "nameserver 114.114.114.114" > /etc/resolv.conf
    echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >> /etc/resolv.conf
    chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf
    yum -y install ntpdate
    ntpdate -b  ntp1.aliyun.com        # 对时很重要
    echo -e "\033[32m [YUM　Source] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
init_yumsource

# 关掉swap分区
swapoff -a
# 如果想永久关掉swap分区，打开如下文件注释掉swap哪一行即可.
sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab #永久


# 配置主机名解析
cat  > /etc/hosts <<EOF
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.120 op-jmx-m01
192.168.1.121 op-jmx-n01
192.168.1.122 op-jmx-n02
EOF

tail -3 /etc/hosts


# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效


# 升级内核(非必须,只是性能更好)
wget https://cbs.centos.org/kojifiles/packages/kernel/4.9.220/37.el7/x86_64/kernel-4.9.220-37.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-4.9.220-37.el7.x86_64.rpm

reboot

运行初始化脚本

sh init.sh

部署etcd集群

角色	IP
etcd-1	192.168.1.120
etcd-2	192.168.1.121
etcd-3	192.168.1.122

为了节省机器，这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署，只要apiserver能连接到就行。

准备cfssl证书生成工具

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

创建工作目录

mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd TLS/etcd

自签CA

# 10年证书
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

ls *pem

使用自签CA签发etcd https证书

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "192.168.1.120",
      "192.168.1.121",
      "192.168.1.122"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

生成证书

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem

下载etcd二进制文件

wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

创建工作目录并解压二进制包

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

# 配置etcd
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.120:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.121:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.122:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

# ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
# ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
# ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
# ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
# ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
# ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

systemd管理etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF


systemctl daemon-reload
# 这里start可能会fail 启动其余2个etcd就可以了 如果报错timeout 估计配置出错了
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

拷贝上面生成的证书及文件到n01和n02

cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
# 这里可以做下免密
# ssh-copy-id op-jmx-n01;ssh-copy-id op-jmx-n02

scp -r /opt/etcd/ op-jmx-n01:/opt/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ op-jmx-n02:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service op-jmx-n01:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service op-jmx-n02:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

修改n01和n02的etcd.conf配置文件如下

# n01
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.121:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.121:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.121:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.121:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.120:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.121:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.122:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

# n02
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-3"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.122:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.122:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.122:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.122:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.120:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.121:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.122:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

# 启动服务并设置开机自启
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

验证etcd集群状态

/opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.120:2379,https://192.168.1.121:2379,https://192.168.1.122:2379" endpoint health

安装docker

yum -y install yum-utils
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce-19.03.9-3.el7
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

部署master node

生成kube-apiserver证书

cd /root/TLS/k8s

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

ls *pem

使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver https证书

cat > /root/TLS/k8s/server-csr.json  <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.1.120",
      "192.168.1.121",
      "192.168.1.122",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem

下载解压二进制包

wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.18.4/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

部署kube-apiserver

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf  <<EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.120:2379,https://192.168.1.121:2379,https://192.168.1.122:2379 \
--bind-address=192.168.1.120 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.120 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--audit-log-maxage=30 \
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

# –logtostderr：启用日志
# —v：日志等级
# –log-dir：日志目录
# –etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
# –bind-address：监听地址
# –secure-port：https安全端口
# –advertise-address：集群通告地址
# –allow-privileged：启用授权
# –service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
# –enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
# –authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
# –enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
# –token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
# –service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
# –kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
# –tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
# –etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
# –audit-log-xxx：审计日志

拷贝刚刚生成的证书

cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

启用TLS Bootstrapping机制

TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书

生成随机token

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
# 177a34de29f27865f81274b4bd75c615

创建上述配置文件中的token文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
177a34de29f27865f81274b4bd75c615,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

# 格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组

systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

部署kube-controller-manager

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf <<EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

# –master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
# –leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
# –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

systemd管理controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

部署kube-scheduler

cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf <<EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false --v=2 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs --leader-elect --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

# –master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
# –leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

systemd管理scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机自启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

查看集群状态

# 所有组件都已经启动成功，通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态：
kubectl get cs

部署worker node 在n01和n02上操作

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 

从master上拷贝

cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin   # 本地拷贝,注释这里操作还是master节点,

部署kubelet

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf <<EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--hostname-override=master \
--network-plugin=cni \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

# –hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
# –network-plugin：启用CNI
# –kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
# –bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
# –config：配置参数文件
# –cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
# –pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像

配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="177a34de29f27865f81274b4bd75c615" # 与token.csv里保持一致
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
  
  
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
  
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
  
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 拷贝到配置文件路径
cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

systemd 管理kubelet

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

批准kubelet证书并加入集群

# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr


# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve 

# 查看节点 这里没有安装CNI会显示not ready
kubectl get node


# 由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

如果get csr提示No resources found. 一般是master端接收不到node申请加入kubernetes的请求信息。可以查看/opt/kubernetes/logs下的日志排查

部署CNI网络

wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
  
# 解压二进制文件并移动到默认工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

# 部署cni网络
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

# 默认镜像地址无法访问，修改为docker hub镜像仓库。
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

kubectl get pods -n kube-system


kubectl get node

# 部署好网络插件,Node准备就绪

部署kube-proxy

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

创建参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

# 生成kube-prox证书
# 切换工作目录
cd ～/TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

ls kube-proxy*pem

生成kubeconfig文件

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

# 拷贝配置文件到指定路径
cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

systemd管理kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

授权apiserver访问kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

新增加worker node

# 拷贝已部署好的node相关文件到新节点
scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ op-jmx-n01:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service op-jmx-n01:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ op-jmx-n01:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem op-jmx-n01:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ op-jmx-n02:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service op-jmx-n02:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ op-jmx-n02:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem op-jmx-n02:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

删除新node上的kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 // 在op-jmx-n01 op-jmx-n02上操作

rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

# 这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除重新生成。

修改主机名并设置开机自启动

# 修改/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf  hostname-override: 为主机名
sed -i  's/hostname-override=master/hostname-override=op-jmx-n01/g' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf 

# 修改/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml 里hostnameOverride: 为主机名
sed -i  's/k8s-master/op-jmx-n01/g' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml

# 修改/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf  hostname-override: 为主机名
sed -i  's/hostname-override=master/hostname-override=op-jmx-n02/g' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf 

# 修改/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml 里hostnameOverride: 为主机名
sed -i  's/k8s-master/op-jmx-n02/g' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml



# 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

在master上批准新node的Node kubelet证书申请

kubectl get csr

# 这里需要将原来的CNI镜像准备好
kubectl certificate approve  node-csr-RSYsrzdjJbRL3dSSMkM63DFJ1XCiJpM2JAExI-jaLp8
kubectl certificate approve  node-csr-iSf2PR72kePu_6IRhUd2fNg3EY67PTrWlA_Q0uPl1yw


# 查看node状态
kubectl get node

部署CoreDNS

CoreDNS用于集群内部service名称解析

cat > coredns.yaml<<EOF
# __MACHINE_GENERATED_WARNING__

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
      kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
      addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  name: system:coredns
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - endpoints
  - services
  - pods
  - namespaces
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
  name: system:coredns
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:coredns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
      addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
data:
  Corefile: |
    .:53 {
        errors
        health
        kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
            pods insecure
            upstream
            fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
            ttl 30
        }
        prometheus :9153
        forward . /etc/resolv.conf
        cache 30
        loop
        reload
        loadbalance
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
  # replicas: not specified here:
  # 1. In order to make Addon Manager do not reconcile this replicas parameter.
  # 2. Default is 1.
  # 3. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.
  replicas: 2
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kube-dns
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kube-dns
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'docker/default'
    spec:
      priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
      serviceAccountName: coredns
      tolerations:
        - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
          operator: "Exists"
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux
      containers:
      - name: coredns
        image: coredns/coredns:1.5.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 70Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 70Mi
        args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config-volume
          mountPath: /etc/coredns
          readOnly: true
        ports:
        - containerPort: 53
          name: dns
          protocol: UDP
        - containerPort: 53
          name: dns-tcp
          protocol: TCP
        - containerPort: 9153
          name: metrics
          protocol: TCP
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /health
            port: 8080
            scheme: HTTP
          initialDelaySeconds: 60
          timeoutSeconds: 5
          successThreshold: 1
          failureThreshold: 5
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /health
            port: 8080
            scheme: HTTP
        securityContext:
          allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
          capabilities:
            add:
            - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            drop:
            - all
          readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
      dnsPolicy: Default
      volumes:
        - name: config-volume
          configMap:
            name: coredns
            items:
            - key: Corefile
              path: Corefile
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kube-dns
  namespace: kube-system
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/port: "9153"
    prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
  selector:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
    # 这个IP地址需要在kube-apiserver启动参数–service-cluster-ip-range指定的IP地址范围内 以前默认应该是 10.96.0.10
  clusterIP: 10.0.0.10
  ports:
  - name: dns
    port: 53
    protocol: UDP
  - name: dns-tcp
    p
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml 

DNS解析测试

kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
# 进入容器后输入一下命令
/ # nslookup kubernetes

参考

https://www.cnblogs.com/you-men/p/13192086.html