项目的目录结构如下：
1.流程图
略。。
2.服务端代码
①实体类
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package com.bjsxt.model;
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import java.io.Serializable;
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public
class Person implements Serializable{
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/**
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*
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*/
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private
static
final
long serialVersionUID = -
3727979363425652597L;
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private
int id;
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private String name;
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private String sex;
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private
int age;
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public int getId() {
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return id;
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}
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public void setId(int id) {
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this.id = id;
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}
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public String getName() {
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return name;
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}
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public void setName(String name) {
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this.name = name;
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}
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public String getSex() {
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return sex;
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}
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public void setSex(String sex) {
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this.sex = sex;
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}
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public int getAge() {
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return age;
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}
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public void setAge(int age) {
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this.age = age;
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}
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}
②接口编码IPersonService
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package com.bjsxt.server;
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import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
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import com.bjsxt.model.Person;
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/**
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* spring MVC风格的restful接口
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*
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* @author gaoweignag
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* @since JDK1.7
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*/
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@RequestMapping(
"/test")
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@Controller
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public
interface IPersonService {
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/hello", produces =
"text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
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public
@ResponseBody
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String hello();
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/say/{msg}", produces =
"application/json;charset=UTF-8")
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public
@ResponseBody
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String say(@PathVariable(value = "msg") String msg);
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/person/{id:\\d+}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces =
"application/json;charset=UTF-8")
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public
@ResponseBody
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String getPerson(@PathVariable("id") int id);
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/person/{id:\\d+}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
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public
@ResponseBody
Object deletePerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) ;
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/**
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* 推荐使用，这种可以解决绝大多数问题
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* @param person
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* @return
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*/
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/person", method = RequestMethod.POST,
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produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON,
"application/json;charset=UTF-8"},
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consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})
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public String addPerson(Person person);
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@RequestMapping(value =
"/person", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
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public
@ResponseBody
Object updatePerson(@RequestBody Person person);
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}
③接口实现类PersonService
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package com.bjsxt.server.impl;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.List;
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import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
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import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
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import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
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import com.bjsxt.model.Person;
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import com.bjsxt.server.IPersonService;
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/**
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* spring MVC风格的restful接口
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*
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* @author gaoweignag
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* @since JDK1.7
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*/
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@Controller
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public
class PersonService implements IPersonService{
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/** 日志实例 */
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private
static
final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PersonService.class);
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public
@ResponseBody
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String hello() {
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logger.info(
"hello........");
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return
"你好！hello";
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}
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public
@ResponseBody
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String say(@PathVariable(value = "msg") String msg) {
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return
"{\"msg\":\"you say:'" + msg +
"'\"}";
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}
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public
@ResponseBody
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String getPerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
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logger.info(
"获取人员信息id=" + id);
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Person person =
new Person();
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person.setName(
"张三");
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person.setSex(
"男");
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person.setAge(
30);
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person.setId(id);
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JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(person);
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logger.info(jsonObject);
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logger.info(jsonObject.toString());
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return jsonObject.toString();
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}
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public Object deletePerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
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logger.info(
"删除人员信息id=" + id);
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JSONObject jsonObject =
new JSONObject();
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jsonObject.put(
"msg",
"删除人员信息成功");
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return jsonObject;
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}
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public
@ResponseBody
String addPerson(@RequestBody Person person) {
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logger.info(
"注册人员信息成功id=" + person.getId());
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JSONObject jsonObject =
new JSONObject();
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jsonObject.put(
"msg",
"注册人员信息成功");
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return jsonObject.toString();
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}
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public
@ResponseBody
Object updatePerson(@RequestBody Person person) {
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logger.info(
"更新人员信息id=" + person.getId());
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JSONObject jsonObject =
new JSONObject();
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jsonObject.put(
"msg",
"更新人员信息成功");
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return jsonObject.toString();
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}
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}
④配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springMVCRestful</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVCRestful</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVCRestful</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 如果有乱码我们则需要配置字符编码集的过滤器来防止乱码问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
⑤配置spring mvc文件springMVCRestful-servlete.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"
default-autowire="byName"
>
<!-- 初始化com.bjsxt目录下面的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 消息适配器 -->
<bean class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter”>
<property name=“messageConverters”>
<list>
<!-- json转换器 -->
<bean class=“org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter” />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!–配置spring MVC的注解 驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
3.客户端代码PersonClientTest，使用junit进行单元测试
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package com.bjsxt.client;
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import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
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import org.junit.BeforeClass;
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import org.junit.Test;
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import org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException;
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import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
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import com.bjsxt.model.Person;
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public
class PersonClientTest {
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private
static Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(PersonClientTest.class);
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private
static RestTemplate template =
null;
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@BeforeClass
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public static void beforeClass(){
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template =
new RestTemplate();
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}
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@Test
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public void testHello(){
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LOG.info(
"进入hello Method start...");
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/hello";
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/**
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* 第一个参数是restful接口请求路径
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* 第二个参数是响应的类型 String.class
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*/
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String result = template.getForObject(url, String.class);
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LOG.info(
"输出结果："+result);
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LOG.info(
"进入hello Method end...");
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}
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@Test
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public void testSay(){
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LOG.info(
"进入say Method start...");
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/say/gaoweigang";
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String result = template.getForObject(url, String.class);
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LOG.info(
"输出结果："+result);
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LOG.info(
"进入say Method end...");
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}
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@Test
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public void testGetPerson(){
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LOG.info(
"进入getPerson Method start...");
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/**
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* restful参数类型是int，不能传String类型的参数，否则调用不到接口
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*/
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/person/101";
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String result = template.getForObject(url, String.class);
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LOG.info(
"输出结果："+result);
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LOG.info(
"进入getPerson Method end...");
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}
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@Test
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public void testDeletePerson(){
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LOG.info(
"进入deletePerson Method start...");
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/**
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* restful参数类型是int，不能传String类型的参数，否则调用不到接口
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*/
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/person/1234";
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try {
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template.delete(url);
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}
catch (RestClientException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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LOG.info(
"进入deletePerson Method end...");
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}
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@Test
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public void testUpdatePerson(){
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LOG.info(
"进入UpdatePerson Method start...");
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/**
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* restful参数类型是int，不能传String类型的参数，否则调用不到接口
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*/
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/person";
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try {
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Person person =
new Person();
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person.setId(
1234);
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person.setName(
"gaoweigang");
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person.setAge(
22);
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person.setSex(
"男");
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template.put(url, person);
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}
catch (RestClientException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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LOG.info(
"进入UpdatePerson Method end...");
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}
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@Test
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public void testAddPerson(){
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LOG.info(
"进入addPerson Method start...");
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/**
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* restful参数类型是int，不能传String类型的参数，否则调用不到接口
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*/
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String url =
"http://localhost:8080/springMVCRestful/test/person";
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Person person =
new Person();
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person.setId(
1234);
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person.setName(
"gaoweigang");
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person.setAge(
22);
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person.setSex(
"男");
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String result = template.postForObject(url, person, String.class);
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LOG.info(
"输出结果为："+result);
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LOG.info(
"进入addPerson Method end...");
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}
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}
4.启动tomcat服务后，就可以对PersonClientTest进行单元测试了
可能遇到的问题：
1.The prefix "mvc" for element "mvc:annotation-driven" is not bound 的解决方法
在spring mvc在配置文件中添加namespace
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"
来源:https://blog.csdn.net/iteye_7017/article/details/82653613
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