mysql 高可用集群HMA部署

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-01 22:50:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-01 22:50:36 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xwh159753/article/details/107843998

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环境说明：（据说manaer可以安装在slave节点，有兴趣你可以试一下

10.254.40.123	manager
10.254.40.92	master
10.254.40.91	备master
10.254.40.93	slave

配置互信免密登录，过程略

/etc/hosts

安装mysql5.7，三台都装

下载 mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm 地址https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
yum install mysql-community-server

配置mysql

配置master mysql

    grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 
    新装mysql的密码在这里，进去自己修改密码，已经操作的忽略
    mysql -uroot -p
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    
    创建两个用户第一个用来传数据。第二个用来监控
    mysql -uroot -p
	GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave'@'10.254.%.%'
	IDENTIFIED BY 'Abc+123456';
	grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.254.%.%' identified by 'Abc+123456';
	flush privileges;
	exit
	
	vim /etc/my.cnf
	server-id=1
	log-bin=mysql-bin-master
    systemctl restart mysqld

配置备master mysql

    grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 
    新装mysql的密码在这里，进去自己修改密码，已经操作的忽略
    mysql -uroot -p
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    
    创建两个用户第一个用来传数据。第二个用来监控
    mysql -uroot -p
	GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave'@'10.254.%.%'
	IDENTIFIED BY 'Abc+123456';
	grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.254.%.%' identified by 'Abc+123456';
	flush privileges;
	exit
	
		Vi /etc/my.cnf
	server-id=2
	log-bin=mysql-bin-slave1
	log-slave-updates=1
    systemctl restart mysqld
    
    	mysql> stop slave;
	Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
	
	mysql> change master to master_host='10.254.40.92', master_user='slave', master_password='Abc+123456', master_log_pos=154;
	Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
	
	mysql> 
	mysql> start slave;
	Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
	
	mysql> show slave status\G
	mysql> set global read_only=1;
	Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
	
	mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

配置 slave mysql

    grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 
    新装mysql的密码在这里，进去自己修改密码，已经操作的忽略
    mysql -uroot -p
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    
    创建两个用户第一个用来传数据。第二个用来监控
    mysql -uroot -p
	grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.254.%.%' identified by 'Abc+123456';
	flush privileges;
	exit
	
	vim /etc/my.cnf
    server-id=3
    systemctl restart mysqld
    
    
    mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host='10.254.40.92'
    -> master_user='slave',
    -> ^C
mysql> ^C
mysql> ^C
mysql> change master to master_host='10.254.40.92',
    -> master_user='slave',
    -> master_password='Abc+123456',
    -> master_log_pos=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
mysql> set global read_only=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

安装perl环境

    rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
	yum -y install perl-Config-Tiny perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Time-HiRes perl-devel perl-Module-Install.noarch
	yum install perl-DBD-MySQL -y

下载MHA源码包，你也可以找找rpm包，应该安装更容易

	https://github.com/yoshinorim/mha4mysql-node
	
https://github.com/yoshinorim/mha4mysql-manager

在所有节点安装node包

Unzip  *.zip
cd mha4mysql-node
perl Makefile.PL && make && make install

在manage节点安装manager并配置

Unzip  *.zip
# cd ~/mha4mysql-node/
perl Makefile.PL && make && make install

从样例中复制配置文件

mkdir -p /etc/masterha/scripts
# 复制
cp samples/conf/app1.cnf /etc/masterha/
cp samples/conf/masterha_default.cnf /etc/masterha_default.cnf
# 复制failover相关脚本
cp samples/scripts/* /usr/local/bin/

配置配置文件

[root@repository bin]# cat /etc/masterha/app1.cnf 
[server default]
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log

master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql
#设置master 保存binlog的位置，以便MHA可以找到master的日志，我这里的也就是mysql的数据目录

#master_ip_failover_script= /etc/masterha/scripts/master_ip_failover
#设置自动failover时候的切换脚本


master_ip_failover_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#设置自动failover时候的切换脚本

master_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
#设置手动切换时候的切换脚本

password=Abc+123456
#设置mysql中root用户的密码，这个密码是前文中创建监控用户的那个密码

user=root
#设置监控用户root

ping_interval=1
#设置监控主库，发送ping包的时间间隔，默认是3秒,尝试三次没有回应的时候自动进行railover

remote_workdir=/data
#设置远端mysql在发生切换时binlog的保存位置

repl_password=Abc+123456
#设置复制用户的密码

repl_user=slave
#设置复制环境中的复制用户名

report_script=/usr/local/bin/send_report
#设置发生切换后发送的报警的脚本

#secondary_check_script= /usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s server03 -s server02 --user=root --master_host=server02 --master_ip=10.254.40.136 --master_port=3306

secondary_check_script= /usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 10.254.40.93 -s 10.254.40.91 --user=root --master_host=10.254.40.92 --master_ip=10.254.40.92 --master_port=3306
-s为非master

#一旦MHA到server02的监控之间出现问题，MHA Manager将会尝试从server03登录到server02

shutdown_script=""
#设置故障发生后关闭故障主机脚本（该脚本的主要作用是关闭主机放在发生脑裂,这里没有使用）

ssh_user=root
#设置ssh的登录用户名



[server1]
hostname=10.254.40.92
candidate_master=1

[server2]
hostname=10.254.40.91
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0

[server3]
hostname=10.254.40.93

需要覆盖默认配置文件，在这坑了大半天

cat app1.cnf > /etc/masterha_default.cnf

测试SSH连接

masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

配置vip

vip配置可以采用两种方式，一种通过keepalived的方式管理虚拟ip的浮动；另外一种通过脚本方式启动虚拟ip的方式 (即不需要keepalived或者heartbeat类似的软件).

本次采用：脚本方式启动虚拟ip

[root@repository bin]# pwd
/usr/local/bin
[root@repository bin]# 
[root@repository bin]# 
[root@repository bin]# cat master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl

#  Copyright (C) 2011 DeNA Co.,Ltd.
#
#  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
#  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
#  (at your option) any later version.
#
#  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#  GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
#  Foundation, Inc.,
#  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

## Note: This is a sample script and is not complete. Modify the script based on your environment.


use strict;
use warnings FATAL =>'all';
 
use Getopt::Long;
 
my (
$command,          $ssh_user,        $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip,    $new_master_port
);
 
my $vip = '10.254.40.136/24';  # Virtual IP 
my $key = "1";
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key $vip"; # Network name
my $ssh_arp = "/usr/sbin/arping -q -A -c 1 -I ens32 10.254.40.136";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key down";
my $exit_code = 0;
 
GetOptions(
'command=s'          => \$command,
'ssh_user=s'         => \$ssh_user,
'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s'   => \$orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
'new_master_host=s'  => \$new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s'    => \$new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i'  => \$new_master_port,
);
 
exit &main();
 
sub main {
 
#print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n"; 
 
if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
 
        # $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed. 
        # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database, 
        # invalidate orig_master_ip here. 
        my $exit_code = 1;
        eval {
            print "\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
            print "Disabling the VIP - $vip on old master: $orig_master_host\n";
            print "***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&stop_vip();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn "Got Error: $@\n";
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
 
        # all arguments are passed. 
        # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database, 
        # activate new_master_ip here. 
        # You can also grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here. 
my $exit_code = 10;
        eval {
            print "\n\n\n***************************************************************\n";
            print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on new master: $new_master_host \n";
            print "***************************************************************\n\n\n\n";
&start_vip();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn $@;
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
        print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
        `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
        exit 0;
}
else {
&usage();
        exit 1;
}
}
 
# A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master 
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_arp \"`; 
}
# A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master 
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $root\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}
 
sub usage {
print
"Usage: master_ip_failover –command=start|stop|stopssh|status –orig_master_host=host –orig_master_ip=ip –orig_master_port=po 
rt –new_master_host=host –new_master_ip=ip –new_master_port=port\n";
}
[root@repository bin]#

检查复制环境

masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

开启管理节点监控

/*--remove_dead_master_conf表示发生主从切换后，老的master服务器配置检查配置文件中删除
 *--ignore_last_failover在缺省情况下，如果MHA检测到连续宕机，切间隔不足8小时，则不会进行故障切换，避免ping-pong效应。设置该参数表示忽略上次切换
 *--manger_log日志存放文职*/
nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &         
[1] 9562

检查命令
 masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
关闭命令
 masterha_stop --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

参考

1. 主动切换：

需要修改 master_ip_online_change

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';

use Getopt::Long;
use MHA::DBHelper;
use MHA::NodeUtil;
use Time::HiRes qw( sleep gettimeofday tv_interval );
use Data::Dumper;

my $_tstart;
my $_running_interval = 0.1;
my (
  $command,          
  $orig_master_is_new_slave, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,  $orig_master_port, $orig_master_user,    $orig_master_password, $orig_master_ssh_user,
  $new_master_host,          $new_master_ip,    $new_master_port, $new_master_user,  $new_master_password, $new_master_ssh_user,
);


my $vip = '10.254.40.136';
my $brdc = '10.254.40.255';
my $ifdev = 'ens32';
my $key = '1';
my $ssh_start_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr add $vip/24 brd $brdc dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key;/usr/sbin/arping -q -A -c 1 -I $ifdev $vip;iptables -F;";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr del $vip/24 dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key";


GetOptions(
  'command=s'                => \$command,
  'orig_master_is_new_slave' => \$orig_master_is_new_slave,
  'orig_master_host=s'       => \$orig_master_host,
  'orig_master_ip=s'         => \$orig_master_ip,
  'orig_master_port=i'       => \$orig_master_port,
  'orig_master_user=s'       => \$orig_master_user,
  'orig_master_password=s'   => \$orig_master_password,
  'orig_master_ssh_user=s'   => \$orig_master_ssh_user,
  'new_master_host=s'        => \$new_master_host,
  'new_master_ip=s'          => \$new_master_ip,
  'new_master_port=i'        => \$new_master_port,
  'new_master_user=s'        => \$new_master_user,
  'new_master_password=s'    => \$new_master_password,
  'new_master_ssh_user=s'    => \$new_master_ssh_user,
);

exit &main();

sub current_time_us {
  my ( $sec, $microsec ) = gettimeofday();
  my $curdate = localtime($sec);
  return $curdate . " " . sprintf( "%06d", $microsec );
}

sub sleep_until {
  my $elapsed = tv_interval($_tstart);
  if ( $_running_interval > $elapsed ) {
    sleep( $_running_interval - $elapsed );
  }
}

sub get_threads_util {
  my $dbh                    = shift;
  my $my_connection_id       = shift;
  my $running_time_threshold = shift;
  my $type                   = shift;
  $running_time_threshold = 0 unless ($running_time_threshold);
  $type                   = 0 unless ($type);
  my @threads;

  my $sth = $dbh->prepare("SHOW PROCESSLIST");
  $sth->execute();

  while ( my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref() ) {
    my $id         = $ref->{Id};
    my $user       = $ref->{User};
    my $host       = $ref->{Host};
    my $command    = $ref->{Command};
    my $state      = $ref->{State};
    my $query_time = $ref->{Time};
    my $info       = $ref->{Info};
    $info =~ s/^\s*(.*?)\s*$/$1/ if defined($info);
    next if ( $my_connection_id == $id );
    next if ( defined($query_time) && $query_time < $running_time_threshold );
    next if ( defined($command)    && $command eq "Binlog Dump" );
    next if ( defined($user)       && $user eq "system user" );
    next
      if ( defined($command)
      && $command eq "Sleep"
      && defined($query_time)
      && $query_time >= 1 );

    if ( $type >= 1 ) {
      next if ( defined($command) && $command eq "Sleep" );
      next if ( defined($command) && $command eq "Connect" );
    }

    if ( $type >= 2 ) {
      next if ( defined($info) && $info =~ m/^select/i );
      next if ( defined($info) && $info =~ m/^show/i );
    }

    push @threads, $ref;
  }
  return @threads;
}

sub main {
  if ( $command eq "stop" ) {
    ## Gracefully killing connections on the current master
    # 1. Set read_only= 1 on the new master
    # 2. DROP USER so that no app user can establish new connections
    # 3. Set read_only= 1 on the current master
    # 4. Kill current queries
    # * Any database access failure will result in script die.
    my $exit_code = 1;
    eval {
      ## Setting read_only=1 on the new master (to avoid accident)
      my $new_master_handler = new MHA::DBHelper();

      # args: hostname, port, user, password, raise_error(die_on_error)_or_not
      $new_master_handler->connect( $new_master_ip, $new_master_port,
        $new_master_user, $new_master_password, 1 );
      print current_time_us() . " Set read_only on the new master.. ";
      $new_master_handler->enable_read_only();
      if ( $new_master_handler->is_read_only() ) {
        print "ok.\n";
      }
      else {
        die "Failed!\n";
      }
      $new_master_handler->disconnect();

      # Connecting to the orig master, die if any database error happens
      my $orig_master_handler = new MHA::DBHelper();
      $orig_master_handler->connect( $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port,
        $orig_master_user, $orig_master_password, 1 );

      ## Drop application user so that nobody can connect. Disabling per-session binlog beforehand
      #$orig_master_handler->disable_log_bin_local();
      #print current_time_us() . " Drpping app user on the orig master..\n";
      #FIXME_xxx_drop_app_user($orig_master_handler);

      ## Waiting for N * 100 milliseconds so that current connections can exit
      my $time_until_read_only = 15;
      $_tstart = [gettimeofday];
      my @threads = get_threads_util( $orig_master_handler->{dbh},
        $orig_master_handler->{connection_id} );
      while ( $time_until_read_only > 0 && $#threads >= 0 ) {
        if ( $time_until_read_only % 5 == 0 ) {
          printf
"%s Waiting all running %d threads are disconnected.. (max %d milliseconds)\n",
            current_time_us(), $#threads + 1, $time_until_read_only * 100;
          if ( $#threads < 5 ) {
            print Data::Dumper->new( [$_] )->Indent(0)->Terse(1)->Dump . "\n"
              foreach (@threads);
          }
        }
        sleep_until();
        $_tstart = [gettimeofday];
        $time_until_read_only--;
        @threads = get_threads_util( $orig_master_handler->{dbh},
          $orig_master_handler->{connection_id} );
      }

      ## Setting read_only=1 on the current master so that nobody(except SUPER) can write
      print current_time_us() . " Set read_only=1 on the orig master.. ";
      $orig_master_handler->enable_read_only();
      if ( $orig_master_handler->is_read_only() ) {
        print "ok.\n";
      }
      else {
        die "Failed!\n";
      }

      ## Waiting for M * 100 milliseconds so that current update queries can complete
      my $time_until_kill_threads = 5;
      @threads = get_threads_util( $orig_master_handler->{dbh},
        $orig_master_handler->{connection_id} );
      while ( $time_until_kill_threads > 0 && $#threads >= 0 ) {
        if ( $time_until_kill_threads % 5 == 0 ) {
          printf
"%s Waiting all running %d queries are disconnected.. (max %d milliseconds)\n",
            current_time_us(), $#threads + 1, $time_until_kill_threads * 100;
          if ( $#threads < 5 ) {
            print Data::Dumper->new( [$_] )->Indent(0)->Terse(1)->Dump . "\n"
              foreach (@threads);
          }
        }
        sleep_until();
        $_tstart = [gettimeofday];
        $time_until_kill_threads--;
        @threads = get_threads_util( $orig_master_handler->{dbh},
          $orig_master_handler->{connection_id} );
      }



                print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";
                &stop_vip();     


      ## Terminating all threads
      print current_time_us() . " Killing all application threads..\n";
      $orig_master_handler->kill_threads(@threads) if ( $#threads >= 0 );
      print current_time_us() . " done.\n";
      #$orig_master_handler->enable_log_bin_local();
      $orig_master_handler->disconnect();

      ## After finishing the script, MHA executes FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK
      $exit_code = 0;
    };
    if ($@) {
      warn "Got Error: $@\n";
      exit $exit_code;
    }
    exit $exit_code;
  }
  elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
    ## Activating master ip on the new master
    # 1. Create app user with write privileges
    # 2. Moving backup script if needed
    # 3. Register new master's ip to the catalog database

# We don't return error even though activating updatable accounts/ip failed so that we don't interrupt slaves' recovery.
# If exit code is 0 or 10, MHA does not abort
    my $exit_code = 10;
    eval {
      my $new_master_handler = new MHA::DBHelper();

      # args: hostname, port, user, password, raise_error_or_not
      $new_master_handler->connect( $new_master_ip, $new_master_port,
        $new_master_user, $new_master_password, 1 );

      ## Set read_only=0 on the new master
      #$new_master_handler->disable_log_bin_local();
      print current_time_us() . " Set read_only=0 on the new master.\n";
      $new_master_handler->disable_read_only();

      ## Creating an app user on the new master
      #print current_time_us() . " Creating app user on the new master..\n";
      #FIXME_xxx_create_app_user($new_master_handler);
      #$new_master_handler->enable_log_bin_local();
      $new_master_handler->disconnect();

      ## Update master ip on the catalog database, etc
                print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";
                &start_vip();
                $exit_code = 0;
    };
    if ($@) {
      warn "Got Error: $@\n";
      exit $exit_code;
    }
    exit $exit_code;
  }
  elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {

    # do nothing
    exit 0;
  }
  else {
    &usage();
    exit 1;
  }
}

# A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master 
sub start_vip() {
    `ssh $new_master_ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
}
# A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master
sub stop_vip() {
    `ssh $orig_master_ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}

sub usage {
  print
"Usage: master_ip_online_change --command=start|stop|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --orig_master_user=user --orig_master_password=password --orig_master_ssh_user=sshuser --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port --new_master_user=user --new_master_password=password --new_master_ssh_user=sshuser \n";
  die;
}

手动切换命令

masterha_master_switch --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf -master_state=alive --new_master_host=10.254.40.91 --new_master_port=3306 --orig_master_is_new_slave --running_updates_limit=10000

报错：

Wed May 23 11:05:54 2018 577112 Set read_only on the new master.. ok.
Wed May 23 11:05:54 2018 578994 Drpping app user on the orig master..
Got Error: Undefined subroutine &main::FIXME_xxx_drop_app_user called at /usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change line 148.
Wed May 23 11:05:54 2018 - [error][/usr/local/share/perl5/MHA/ManagerUtil.pm, ln178] Got ERROR:  at /usr/local/bin/masterha_master_switch line 53.
解决办法：
在master_ip_online_change 中其中需要注释掉的语句为：
FIXME_xxx_drop_app_user($orig_master_handler);
FIXME_xxx_create_app_user($new_master_handler);
————————————————
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「treemini0」的原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010719917/article/details/80419067

个人理解

HMA就是基于mysql主从复制，使用一组脚本实现自动判断、切换主库位置与VIP。

参考链接

https://www.cnblogs.com/halberd-lee/p/8616851.html#sec-4

https://www.cnblogs.com/diantong/p/11055256.html

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mysql 高可用集群HMA部署

环境说明：（据说manaer可以安装在slave节点，有兴趣你可以试一下10.254.40.123manager10.254.40.92master10.254.40.91备master10.254.40.93slave配置互信免密登录，过程略/etc/hosts安装mysql5.7，三台都装下载 mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm 地址https://dev.mysql.com/downloads.
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