Spring源码(一) web.xml加载

web.xml   

<!-- 上下文参数 -->
<context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!-- 监听器 -->
<listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

ContextLoader

//defaultStrategies: WebApplicationContext -> XmlWebApplicationContext
static {
	try {
		ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PATH, ContextLoader.class);
		defaultStrategies = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
	}
	catch (IOException ex) {
		throw new IllegalStateException("Could not load 'ContextLoader.properties': " + ex.getMessage());
	}
}

ContextLoaderListener extends ContextLoader

//上下文初始化
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
        //初始化web应用上下文
	initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}

ContextLoader   

//初始化web应用上下文
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
	if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
		throw new IllegalStateException(
				"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
				"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
	}

	servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
	Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
	if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
		logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
	}
	long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

	try {
		// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
		// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
		if (this.context == null) {
                        //创建web应用上下文
			this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
		}
		if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
			ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
                        //如果cwac不处于活动状态
			if (!cwac.isActive()) {
                                //set parent为servletContext
				if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
					ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
					cwac.setParent(parent);
				}
                                //配置和刷新web应用上下文
				configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
			}
		}
		servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

		ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
		if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
			currentContext = this.context;
		}
		else if (ccl != null) {
			currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
		}

		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
			logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext initialized in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
		}

		return this.context;
	}
	catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
		logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
		servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
		throw ex;
	}
}

//创建web应用上下文
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ServletContext sc) {
        //决定上下文类
	Class<?> contextClass = determineContextClass(sc);
	if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
		throw new ApplicationContextException("Custom context class [" + contextClass.getName() +
				"] is not of type [" + ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.getName() + "]");
	}
        //实例化类
	return (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
}

//决定上下文类
protected Class<?> determineContextClass(ServletContext servletContext) {
	String contextClassName = servletContext.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM);
	if (contextClassName != null) {
		try {
			return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());
		}
		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException(
					"Failed to load custom context class [" + contextClassName + "]", ex);
		}
	}
	else {
                //从defaultStrategies获取到上下文类为XmlWebApplicationContext
		contextClassName = defaultStrategies.getProperty(WebApplicationContext.class.getName());
		try {
			return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader());
		}
		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException(
					"Failed to load default context class [" + contextClassName + "]", ex);
		}
	}
}

//配置和刷新web应用上下文
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
        //配置
	if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
		// The application context id is still set to its original default value
		// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
		String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
		if (idParam != null) {
			wac.setId(idParam);
		}
		else {
			// Generate default id...
			wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
					ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
		}
	}

	wac.setServletContext(sc);
	String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
	if (configLocationParam != null) {
		wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
	}

	// The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
	// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
	// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
	ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
	if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
		((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
	}
        
	//自定义上下文
	customizeContext(sc, wac);
        //刷新
	wac.refresh();
}

//自定义上下文
protected void customizeContext(ServletContext sc, ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac) {
	List<Class<ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext>>> initializerClasses =
			determineContextInitializerClasses(sc);

	for (Class<ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext>> initializerClass : initializerClasses) {
		Class<?> initializerContextClass =
				GenericTypeResolver.resolveTypeArgument(initializerClass, ApplicationContextInitializer.class);
		if (initializerContextClass != null && !initializerContextClass.isInstance(wac)) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException(String.format(
					"Could not apply context initializer [%s] since its generic parameter [%s] " +
					"is not assignable from the type of application context used by this " +
					"context loader: [%s]", initializerClass.getName(), initializerContextClass.getName(),
					wac.getClass().getName()));
		}
		this.contextInitializers.add(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(initializerClass));
	}

	AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(this.contextInitializers);
	for (ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> initializer : this.contextInitializers) {
		initializer.initialize(wac);
	}
}

AbstractApplicationContext

//刷新
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
	synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
                
                //准备刷新
		prepareRefresh();

                //获取新鲜的beanFactory
		ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

                //准备beanFactory
		prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

		try {
                        //对beanFactory后处理
			postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                        //调用beanFactory后处理程序
			invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                        //注册bean后处理程序
			registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                        //初始化消息源
			initMessageSource();

                        //初始化应用事件多宿主
			initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                        //初始化特定上下文中的其它特殊bean
			onRefresh();

                        //注册监听器
			registerListeners();

                        //实例化所有剩余的（非延迟初始化）的单例
			finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                        //发布相应的事件
			finishRefresh();
		}

		catch (BeansException ex) {
			if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
				logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
						"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
			}

                        //销毁已经创建的单实例以避免悬空资源
			destroyBeans();

                        //取消刷新(重置“活动”标志)
			cancelRefresh(ex);

                        //抛出异常
			throw ex;
		}

		finally {
                        //重置公用缓存
			resetCommonCaches();
		}
	}
}