C#读取JSON

文章来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/ambar/archive/2010/07/13/parse-json-via-csharp.html

 

欲成为海洋大师，必知晓海中每一滴水的真名。

刚开始只是想找一个转换JSON数组的方法，结果在MSDN翻到一大把。

搜索过程中免不了碰到一大堆名词：WCF => DataContract => DataMember => DataContractJsonSerializer，然后就是不停的引入命名空间。

这一段经历，立即让我就联想到了上面引用的这句存在于某小说里面巫师的话语。静态语言真有点令人抓狂，不停的做准备，然后才可能开始工作。

对比

.NET下几种常见的解析JSON方法

主要类	命名空间	限制	内建LINQ支持
DataContractJsonSerializer	System.Runtime.Serialization.Json	通用	否
JavaScriptSerializer	System.Web.Script.Serialization	只能在Web环境使用	否
JsonArray、JsonObject、JsonValue	System.Json	只能在Silverlight中使用	是
JsonConvert、JArray、JObject、JValue、JProperty	Newtonsoft.Json	通用	是

 

 

 

实体类：

   

代码

[DataContract]
public class Person
{
[DataMember(Order = 0 , IsRequired = true )]
public string Name { get ; set ; }

[DataMember(Order = 1 )]
public int Age { get ; set ; }

[DataMember(Order = 2 )]
public bool Alive { get ; set ; }

[DataMember(Order = 3 )]
public string [] FavoriteFilms { get ; set ; }

[DataMember(Order = 4 )]
public Person Child { get ; set ; }
}

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定义：

代码

Action < object > log = o => Console.WriteLine(o);
Func < int , int , int > add = (x, y) => x + y;

var p1 = new Person {
Age = 12 ,
Alive = true ,
Name = " lj " ,
FavoriteFilms = new [] { " Up " , " Avatar " }
};
var p2 = new Person() { Age = 28 , Name = " cy " , Child = p1 };

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使用DataContractJsonSerializer

帮助类：

  

代码

// using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;

/// <summary>
/// 解析JSON，仿Javascript风格
/// </summary>
public static class JSON
{

public static T parse < T > ( string jsonString)
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString)))
{
return (T) new DataContractJsonSerializer( typeof (T)).ReadObject(ms);
}
}

public static string stringify( object jsonObject)
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
new DataContractJsonSerializer(jsonObject.GetType()).WriteObject(ms, jsonObject);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
}

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用法：

 

代码

// 序列化
var jsonString = JSON.stringify( new [] { p1, p2 });
log(jsonString == JSON.stringify( new List < Person > () { p1, p2 })); // true
log(jsonString);
// 反序列化，泛型集合
JSON.parse < List < Person >> (jsonString);
// 数组转换
JSON.parse < Person[] > (jsonString);

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输出：

代码

[{ " Name " : " lj " , " Age " : 12 , " Alive " : true , " FavoriteFilms " :[ " Up " , " Avatar " ], " Child " : null
},{ " Name " : " cy " , " Age " : 28 , " Alive " : false , " FavoriteFilms " : null , " Child " :{ " Name " : " lj " ,
" Age " : 12 , " Alive " : true , " FavoriteFilms " :[ " Up " , " Avatar " ], " Child " : null }}]

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使用JavaScriptSerializer

   

代码

// using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

var jser = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var json = jser.Serialize( new List < Person > () { p1, p2 });
var persons = jser.Deserialize < List < Person >> (json);

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使用Silverlight

代码

// using System.Json

var css = " { \ " #header\ " : {background:\ " red\ " }, layout : [5,4,1],color:\ " cyan\ " } " ;

var style = JsonObject.Parse(css) as JsonObject;

(
from s in style
where s.Key == " color "
select ( string )s.Value
).First().ToString();
// "cyan"


// 更多操作
style[ " layout " ][ 0 ] = 22 ;

var hd = style[ " #header " ];
style[ " body>div+p " ] = hd;
style.Remove( " #header " );

var bd = new JsonObject();
bd[ " border " ] = " 1px solid cyan " ;
style[ " body>div+p " ][ " #meta " ] = bd;
style.ToString();
// {"layout":[22,4,1],"color":"cyan","body>div+p":{"background":"red","#meta":{"border":"1px solid cyan"}}}

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使用JSON.NET

   

代码

// using Newtonsoft.Json;

var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject( new [] { p1, p2 });
var persons = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject < List < Person >> (json);
var ja = JArray.Parse(jsonString);
log(ja); // 注意，格式化过的输出

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输出：

代码

[
{
" Name " : " lj " ,
" Age " : 12 ,
" Alive " : true ,
" FavoriteFilms " : [
" Up " ,
" Avatar "
],
" Child " : null
},
{
" Name " : " cy " ,
" Age " : 28 ,
" Alive " : false ,
" FavoriteFilms " : null ,
" Child " : {
" Name " : " lj " ,
" Age " : 12 ,
" Alive " : true ,
" FavoriteFilms " : [
" Up " ,
" Avatar "
],
" Child " : null
}
}
]

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LINQ：

  

代码

其他：

 

代码

// 与Linq to XML 相似的嵌套构造函数：
var jo = new JObject(
new JProperty( " age " , persons.Select( p => p.Age)),
new JProperty( " funny " , true ),
new JProperty( " array " , new JArray( new [] { 2 , 4 , 1 }))
);
log(jo);

// JObject 操作
var css = " { \ " #header\ " : {background:\ " red\ " }, layout : [5,4,1] } " ;
var style = JObject.Parse(css);

var bd = new JObject();
bd[ " color " ] = " 1px solid cyan " ;

style[ " border " ] = bd;

var hd = style[ " #header " ];
style[ " body>div+p " ] = hd;

hd.Parent.Remove();

style[ " layout " ][ 0 ] = 22 ;
log(style);

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输出：

代码

{
" age " : [
12 ,
28
],
" funny " : true ,
" array " : [
2 ,
4 ,
1
]
}
{
" layout " : [
22 ,
4 ,
1
],
" border " : {
" color " : " 1px solid cyan "
},
" body>div+p " : {
" background " : " red "
}
}

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